Aspects Regarding Polluting Emissions to the Stack of Clincher Ovens in Romanian Cement Factories

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
Cristian Ciobanu ◽  
Gheorghe Voicu ◽  
Irina Aura Istrate ◽  
Paula Tudor
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Dioxins And Furans ◽  
Flour Mill ◽  
Polluting Emissions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cement Factories ◽  
Pollutant Gases

The paper presents an analysis of the flow of flue gases and dust in the area of the clinker kiln and in the area of the flour mill, as well as emission data for the last three consecutive years at the flour mill stack - clinker kiln, from some cement factories in Romania. In general, both emissions of dust (total powders) and pollutant gases (SOx, NOx, CO, dioxins and furans, VOC, heavy metals, etc.) were within the permissible limits set out in the Integrated Environmental Permit of the individual plants.

scholarly journals Revisiting the Agung 1963 volcanic forcing – impact of one or two eruptions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Niemeier ◽  
Claudia Timmreck ◽  
Kirstin Krüger
Keyword(s):  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Meridional Transport ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Volcanic Clouds ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Future Emission ◽  
Volcanic Emission ◽  
The Individual

Abstract. In 1963 a series of eruptions of Mt. Agung, Indonesia, resulted in the 3rd largest eruption of the 20th century and claimed about 1900 lives. Two eruptions of this series injected SO2 into the stratosphere, a requirement to get a long lasting stratospheric sulfate layer. The first eruption on March 17th injected 4.7 Tg SO2 into the stratosphere, the second eruption 2.3 Tg SO2 on May, 16th. In recent volcanic emission data sets these eruption phases are merged together to one large eruption phase for Mt. Agung in March 1963 with an injection rate of 7 Tg SO2. The injected sulfur forms a sulfate layer in the stratosphere. The evolution of sulfur is non-linear and depends on the injection rate and aerosol background conditions. We performed ensembles of two model experiments, one with a single and a second one with two eruptions. The two smaller eruptions result in a lower burden, smaller particles and 0.1 to 0.3 Wm−2 (10–20 %) lower radiative forcing in monthly mean global average compared to the individual eruption experiment. The differences are the consequence of slightly stronger meridional transport due to different seasons of the eruptions, lower injection height of the second eruption and the resulting different aerosol evolution. The differences between the two experiments are significant but smaller than the variance of the individual ensemble means. Overall, the evolution of the volcanic clouds is different in case of two eruptions than with a single eruption only. We conclude that there is no justification to use one eruption only and both climatic eruptions should be taken into account in future emission datasets.

scholarly journals Heavy metals concentration in “etak” tissue at different processing stages.

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Dee Koh Han ◽  
Faizuan Abdullah ◽  
Idanne Adilla Ibrahim ◽  
Nurul Inani Rozaki ◽  
Siti Nor Aini Md Nasir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Corbicula Fluminea ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometer ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Freshwater Bivalve ◽  
Metal Determination ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Local Newspapers ◽  
Heavy Metal Determination

Corbicula fluminea, known as “etak” in Kelantan, Malaysia is a freshwater bivalve. This clam is widely consumed as traditional snack by the locals. However, lately there are numerous reports in local newspapers that claim “etak” to cause health effects due to eating contaminated “etak”. Hence, this study aims to determine the heavy metals concentration in fresh, smoked and exposed “etak” sold at the stall as a baseline study in order to develop a method for removing the heavy metals content in its tissues. This study involves sample collection in the stalls around Kelantan, sample preparations via acid digestion and heavy metal determination using Perkin Elmer PinAAcle 900F Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. The results showed the heavy metals (Cr, Zn, Mn and Cu) concentrations (µg/g) in all “etak” tissue were at different level for fresh (Cr: 1.02±0.35ppm, Zn: 74.57±2.76ppm, Mn: 40.22±9.96ppm and Cu: 15.27±1.41ppm), smoked (Cr: 0.42±0.02ppm, Zn: 54.62±17.83ppm, Mn: 50.13±2.31ppm and Cu: 20.94±8.81ppm) and exposed (Cr: 0.53±0.08ppm, Zn: 63.07±8.44ppm, Mn: 50.41±6.92ppm and Cu: 12.80±0.40ppm) samples. The results obtained were compared with the permissible limits set by Malaysian Food Regulations 1985 (Cu: 30.0ppm and Zn: 100.0ppm), FAO/WHO 1984 (Mn: 5.4ppm) and IAEA – 407 (Cr: 0.75ppm). For fresh “etak”, Zn and Cu concentration were below the standards, while Mn and Cr were exceeded the permissible limits. For smoked “etak” and exposed “etak” at stall, all heavy metals concentration were within the permissible limits, except Mn contents. This study successfully determine the baseline concentration of the heavy metals in “etak”.

scholarly journals Investigation of soil properties influence on the heavy metals sorption by plants and possibilities for prediction of their bioaccumulation by response surface methodology

2016 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
pp. 947-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zlate Velickovic ◽  
Negovan Ivankovic ◽  
Vanja Strikovic ◽  
Radovan Karkalic ◽  
Dalibor Jovanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
The Individual

The aim of this study was to determine soil properties influence on the heavy metals sorption by vegetables which are used in the diet and possibilities for prediction of their bioaccumulation by response surface methodology (RSM). Lettuce was used as biosorbent, and cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) were used as contaminants. Lettuce is grown on compost (previously contaminated with different concentrations of Cd and Pb) which pH was adjusted with different amounts of NPK fertilizers. The content of heavy metals was determined by ICP-MS. Results showed that Cd content in lettuce was below the toxic values, but Pb concentration was above allowable, which indicates that limit value for Pb is not set in accordance with the food safety regulations. It was found that the heavy metals accumulation in plants depends not only on its content in the soil, but also on the plant affinity to the specific metal, and the individual or the interactive effects of different soil properties. Through the transfer factor it was found that lettuce has a much higher affinity to Cd in relation to Pb. RSM has proved to be very good for the examination of a large number of variables with a small number of experiments.

scholarly journals The Influence of Heavy Metal Ions on the Viability and Metabolic Enzyme Activity of the Marbled Crayfish Procambarus virginalis (Lyko, 2017)

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Marenkov ◽  
Mykola V. Prychepa ◽  
Julia Kovalchuk
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Metabolic Enzyme ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Marbled Crayfish

In the experiment with marbled crayfishProcambarusvirginalis(Lyko, 2017), chronic effects of various concentrations of heavy metal ions on the physiological state and enzyme activity were investigated. The obtained results showed that among the investigated heavy metals nickel ions influenced the weight indexes and mortality of crustaceans the most negatively. According to the results of the research, significant changes were noted in the individual biochemical parameters of marbled crayfish under the influence of manganese, lead and nickel ions. The most significant changes in the activity of lactate dehydrogenase were detected in muscle tissues affected by manganese and nickel ions. A significant decrease in the activity of succinate dehydrogenase in muscle of marbled crayfish was determined after the action of heavy metal ions. Investigation of changes in the activity of alkaline phosphatase under the influence of the ions of manganese, lead and nickel has its own characteristics, which indicates certain violations in the tissues of cell membranes. Changes in the activity of enzymes were also reflected in the overall protein content. Changes in these parameters may indicate a rapid biochemical response of crustaceans to the toxic effects of heavy metals.

Heavy Metals (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cr, As) Speciation Analysis and Ecological Risk Assessment in the Surface Sediments of WuHe Wetland

2014 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
Ren Jun Liang ◽  
Xiao Tian Ma ◽  
Ji Cai Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Speciation Analysis ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Significant Toxicity ◽  
Specific Setting ◽  
Toxicity Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Morphological Distribution

This study assessed the ecological risk associated with heavy metals in surface sediments in a specific setting: the Wuhan wetland. Metals were extracted and characterized using the Tessier method, and the morphological distribution characteristics and correlation of Zn, Mn, Fe, Cr, and As were analyzed. The results indicated that heavy metals at the study site mainly exist in residual state forms; the Mn pollution was serious; the potential risk from Cr and As was larger; and the environmental risk from Fe and Zn was lower. In order of potential ecological harm: As > Zn > Cr > Mn. The overall risk of ecological harm was slight, but the individual region has seen moderate ecological damage because of As pollution. Because this element has a significant toxicity level, it is important to remain attentive to the pollution caused by it.

scholarly journals Investigation of surface water quality of the Buriganga river in Bangladesh: Laboratory and spatial analysis approaches

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-158
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saiful Islam ◽  
Romana Afroz ◽  
Md Bodruddoza Mia
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Buriganga River

This work has been conducted to evaluate the water quality of the Buriganga river. In situ water quality parameters and water samples were collected from 10 locations in January 2016 and analyzed later in laboratory for water quality parameters such as pH, Eh, EC, TDS, cations (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2, As3+), anions (Cl-, HCO3-, NO2-, NO3-, SO42-, F-, Br-, PO43-), heavy metals (Cr2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, Cd+2, Fe2+, Mn2+) to see whether or not the level of these parameters are within the permissible limits. The average values of pH, Eh, EC and temperature were 7.31, –214.9 mV, 928.9 μs/cm and 21.4°C, respectively; the average concentration of Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and As3+ were 109.62, 13.38, 46.78, 13.98 and 0.018 mg/l, respectively, while the concentrations of Cl-,HCO3-, PO43-, SO42-, NO3-, NO2-, F and Br -were 79, 331.06, 2.22, 84.32, 0.0254, 0.058, 0.224 and 0.073 mg/l, respectively; and the concentration of heavy metals Pb2+, Zn2+, Fe2+ and Mn2+were 0.28, 0.053, 0.17 and 0.23 mg/l, respectively. The study indicates that most of the parameters are within the permissible limits set by Bangladesh water quality standard. The concentrations of K+, Mn2+, and Pb2+ were beyond the permissible limits meaning that that the water of Buriganga is not safe for drinking. The people living beside Buriganga river should be more cautious about using the polluted/contaminated river water. The concerned authorities should take urgent necessary steps to improve the degraded water quality of the river considering the ecological, environmental and economic implications associated with it. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 28(2): 147-158, 2019 (July)

scholarly journals Assessment of Ground Water Contamination by Inorganic Impurities in Ferozepur District of Punjab State, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-521
Author(s):  
Gurjeet Kaur ◽  
Sangeeta Sharma ◽  
Umesh Kumar Garg
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Ground Water Contamination ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Physico Chemical

Malwa region of Punjab state, India has become the center of water borne diseases due to excessive use of pesticides, chemical fertilizers, heavy metals, industrial toxins that cause toxicity in water. The main contamination in ground water is by physico-chemical parameters and heavy metals i.e. pH, total dissolved solids, total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, chlorides, fluorides, arsenic and lead. The contamination of ground water with heavy metals causes health hazards to humans and animals. Due to lack of adequate facilities and resources for the management and handling of waste, the ground water contamination has been increased. In the present study, assessment of ground water quality was carried out in the villages of Ferozepur district of Punjab state, India. With main emphasis on analyzing the groundwater parameters of Ferozepur district which are responsible for health hazard to humans and animals. Various groundwater samples were collected randomly from the villages of Ferozepur district and analyzed for pH, total dissolved solids, total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, chlorides, fluorides, heavy metals (arsenic and lead) using standard procedures. The concentrations of calcium, chlorides, fluorides and pH were within the permissible limits, whereas, alkalinity and total hardness were observed beyond permissible limits in most of the water samples. Even among majority of the samples taken, the concentration of arsenic and lead was found within the permissible limits. Results showed that the ground water samples collected from depth ranging from 100 to 360 ft, recorded values within permissible limits for drinking purpose as prescribed by WHO. Further, ANOVA has been applied on analysis results to study the effect of pH on fluoride and chloride, depth on fluoride and chloride and depth on arsenic and lead. Also, to adjudge the overall quality of water in Ferozepur district, the water quality index (WQI) has been calculated on the basis of large number of physico-chemical characteristics of water. The water quality index of ground water in Ferozepur district has been calculated to be 107. The value is close to 100 so the quality of ground water in Ferozepur district can be categorized under 'Good Quality' water.

Distribution Characteristics and Risk Evaluation of Cd and Hg in Sediments on the Zhenjiang Ancient Canal River

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 296-300
Author(s):  
Zhi Gang Chen ◽  
An Ping Wei ◽  
Xiao Hong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Heavy Metal Element ◽  
Individual Potential ◽  
The Individual

The purpose of this paper is to study the speciation and contents of two types of heavy metals (Cd and Hg) in the sediments in Power Bridge (D1) and Nanshui Bridge (N2) in the middle part of the Ancient Canal in Zhenjiang. The relationship between the speciation of these heavy metals and their environmental factors were described. Morerover, the ecological hazard and trace to the source of these two types of heavy metals was also determined preliminarily. The results showed that (1) the main heavy metal contamination in the sediments of Power Bridge and Nanshui Bridge is Cd, and the average value is 20 mg/Kg, 17 mg/Kg, respectively, which were higher than environmental background value;(2) The peak value of Hg and Cd were near equilibrium in the 0.1-0.2m depth of Sediments; (3) Calculate the individual potential ecological risk index in the sediments of heavy metal element of two sample points both quantity of contents are Cd>Hg. And visible ecological threat of heavy metals were from Cd. After removing the Cd value, the RI value showed that ecological harm index basically below mild ecological harm degree.

Biosorption of Heavy Metals by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from a Petroleum Contaminated Site

2007 ◽  
Vol 20-21 ◽  
pp. 615-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Maria Pérez ◽  
A. Abalos ◽  
José Manuel Gómez ◽  
Domingo Cantero
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Metallic Ions ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Metal Biosorption ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
The Individual ◽  
A Site

The study describes the sorption of Cr, Cu, Mn and Zn by Pseudomonas aeruginosa AT18 isolated from a site contaminated with petroleum and heavy metals. The concentrations studied (mgL-1) were Cr-50, Cu-49, Mn-60 and Zn-70. The solution pH and ionic strength were very important factors in the metal biosorption performance and the biosorption capacity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa AT18 for Cr3+ Cu2+, Mn2+ and Zn2+. In aqueous solution the biosorption increased with increasing pH in the range 5.46-7.72. The results obtained in the experimental assays show that Pseudomonas aeruginosa AT18 has the capacity for biosorption of the metallic ions Cr3+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ in solutions, although its capacity for the sorption of manganese is low (22.39 mg Mn2+/g of biomass) in comparison to the Cr3+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions, as shown by the individual analyses. However, 20% of the manganese was removed from an initial concentration of 49.0 mgL- 1, with a Qm value similar to that obtained in solutions containing mixtures of Cr3+ Cu2+, Mn2+ and Zn2+. The chromium level sorbed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa AT18 biomass was higher than that for Cu, Mn and Zn, with 100% removal in the pH range 7.00-7.72 and a Qm of 121.90-200.00 mg of Cr3+/g of biomass. The remove of Cr, Cu and Zn are a result also of precipitation processes.

scholarly journals Characterization of dusts from secondary copper production

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
D. Orac ◽  
M. Laubertova ◽  
J. Piroskova ◽  
D. Klein ◽  
R. Bures ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Shaft Furnace ◽  
Copper Production ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Furnace Shaft ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
The Individual

Various types of waste, including dusts, are produced in the pyrometallurgical production of copper from secondary raw materials. According to the European Waste Catalogue and Hazardous Waste List, dusts from secondary copper production are classified as hazardous waste. In secondary copper production 3.87 million tons of copper were produced worldwide in 2017. The dusts are produced in the following thermal operations: reduction of the melt in the shaft furnace (shaft furnace dust), converting (converter dust), and pyrometallurgical refining (refining dust). These dusts contain significant amounts of heavy metals (Zn, Pb, and Sn) in oxidic forms. The dusts are regarded as secondary raw materials, and it is necessary to look for ways of extracting these heavy metals. The aim of this work was to characterize the individual types of dust and determine their quantitative and qualitative composition. The content of heavy metals in copper shaft furnace dust is (52.16% Zn, 19.33% Pb), in copper converter dust (32.40% Zn, 14.46% Pb), and in refining dust (32.99% Zn).

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