Optimization of New Metal Gasket Design Based on Contact Width Involving Contact Stress Consideration

2011 ◽  
Vol 110-116 ◽  
pp. 4780-4787
Author(s):  
M. Agus Choiron ◽  
Shigeyuki Haruyama ◽  
K. Kaminishi
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Optimum Design ◽  
Contact Stress ◽  
Orthogonal Array ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
Parameter Design ◽  
Contact Width ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship of contact width and leakage had been found as design concept to optimize new metal gasket. By using this design concept, the limits of contact width for no leakage can be chosen. The optimize gasket shape can be developed by increasing of contact width. In this study, a gasket shape was optimized based on contact width as design concept and involving contact stress consideration. The design of experimentation (DOE) Taguchi method is used to analyses the effect of each parameter design and predict optimal design of new 25A metal gasket. The L18 orthogonal array was concerned to design experimental matrix for seven factors with three levels. The optimum design of gasket at 0 MPa mode is the model with OH = 4 mm, p1 = 3.5 mm, p2 = 4 mm, p3 = 4 mm, t = 1.2 mm, R = 3.5 mm and h = 0.4 mm. The optimum design of gasket at 400 MPa mode is the model with OH = 3 mm, p1 = 3.5 mm, p2 = 4.5 mm, p3 = 4.5 mm, t = 1.8 mm, R = 1.5 mm and h = 0.3 mm.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Azimuth Ambiguity and Imaging Area Restriction for Circular SAR Based on the Back-Projection Algorithm

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (22) ◽  
pp. 4920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bang Du ◽  
Xiaolan Qiu ◽  
Lijia Huang ◽  
Songlin Lei ◽  
Bin Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beam Width ◽  
Bp Algorithm ◽  
Projection Algorithm ◽  
Parameter Design ◽  
Observation Angle ◽  
Back Projection ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Small Observation

Circular synthetic aperture radar (CSAR) has a 360° observation capability on the central observation scenario. A typical way to process CSAR imaging is to cut data into small sub-apertures because most targets are only coherent at a very small observation angle. There are many sub-aperture imaging methods after development in recent years. The back-projection algorithm is widely used because it is simple and can be applied to an arbitrary trajectory. Because of the limitation of the Nyquist sampling frequency and influence of the antenna sidelobe, azimuth ambiguity is a phenomenon that may occur in the radar imaging process. The existing researches typically choose the back-projection (BP) imaging area according to the SAR platform flight path and the antenna beam width. The limitation of the CSAR imaging area and its azimuth ambiguity region are rarely analyzed theoretically. This paper focus on the sub-aperture imaging of CSAR, based on the BP algorithm, which derives the relationship of azimuth ambiguity with CSAR parameters such as the pause repeat frequency (PRF), slant range angle, velocity of radar platform, etc. This paper proposes an equation for the calculation of the azimuth ambiguity region and analyzes the limitations, which provides theoretical support for CSAR parameter design, imaging area selection, and azimuth ambiguity analysis.

Fluctuation of Biped Walking Mechanism Based on a New Two-Level Type Half-Rotating Mechanism

2010 ◽  
Vol 139-141 ◽  
pp. 877-880
Author(s):  
Shu Bin Ou ◽  
Zhi Zhen Qiu ◽  
Xiao Yi Wang ◽  
Li Ya Hou
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Simulation Program ◽  
Biped Walking ◽  
Motion Characteristics ◽  
Walking Mechanism ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

. A new bionic biped walking mechanism (BWM) was put forward in this paper. Simple in construction, easy in control and droved by usual motor are all advantages of this mechanism. But disadvantage should not be ignored. Especially up and down bumpy of the centroid will influence the smoothness of the motion during walk. Through theoretical analysis of kinematics, motion characteristics and the movement of the spindle were obtained in a circle. To aim to bring down the uneven of the BWM, the relationship of all parameters was found and the scope of the fluctuation was established. In the end, all of the results were verified by simulation program of Matlab. The result provided theoretical guidance for optimal design of the mechanism in the further research.

scholarly journals Optimal design for improving torque performance of permanent magnet motor

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.12) ◽  
pp. 292
Author(s):  
Tae Kyoung Bang ◽  
Kyung Hun Shin ◽  
Jeong In Lee ◽  
Cheol Han ◽  
Sung Kook Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Objective Function ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Optimum Design ◽  
Optimization Process ◽  
Bldc Motor ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Design Point ◽  
Design Variables

Background/Objectives: This paper deals with the optimal design of the BLDC motor considering a rotor structure that is used to electrically drive tools. Generally, electrically driven tools employ the BLDC motor, which should be able to operate in high-speed and high-vibration environments. However, it has the disadvantages of a high torque ripple and significant waveform fluctuation. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize it according to the usage condition.Methods/Statistical analysis: In improving the torque performance, this study performed the optimization process by employing the Taguchi method, which can achieve a robust design based on the design variables. In the optimization process, the objective functions are set using a weighting ratio depending on the importance of the objective function as back EMF, torque performance, and loss. Through the optimization process, the optimal design point that improved the performance of the objective function is derived. The improved design that applied the optimal design point is compared with the original design by using the finite element method (FEM) analysis results.Findings: In this study, the optimum design of the motor according to the design variables and the objective function is derived through the optimum design method using the Taguchi method by adopting the motor for the electrically driven tool as the interior permanent magnet type BLDC motor and the FEM results. Moreover, by comparing the analysis results with the optimized model and the initial model, the optimum design point that satisfies the restriction specification and the rated specification was found.Improvements/Applications: The optimum design point was found by using the Taguchi method and the loss and torque characteristics were improved. 

Investigation into Leakage Behavior of Bolted Flanged Connection with Octagonal Gasket

2008 ◽  
Vol 44-46 ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Han Qiu Zhou ◽  
Bo Qin Gu
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Contact Stress ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Structural Strength ◽  
Leakage Rate ◽  
Actual Contact ◽  
Medium Pressure ◽  
Effective Contact ◽  
Contact Width ◽  
The Relationship

Structural strength and leakage failures are two types of main failures of the bolted flanged connection with octagonal gasket, and they are related to the gasket contact stress and gasket effective contact width to a great extent. The deformation behavior of connection subjected to various bolt loads and medium pressures is studied by numerical simulation. The distribution of the gasket actual contact stress, the change of the gasket average contact stress and gasket effective contact width are discussed. The relationship among the gasket average contact stress, the gasket effective contact width, bolt load and medium pressure are obtained. A model for predicting the leakage rate of the sealing connection with octagonal gasket is developed. Research indicates that the gasket actual contact stress distributes non-uniformly, and at gasket outer flank it is much larger than that at gasket inner flank. Both the gasket average contact stress and the gasket effective contact width increase with increasing bolt load and medium pressure. The leakage rate is largely related to working conditions, gasket contact stress, gasket effective contact area, and so on. The leakage rate decreases with increasing gasket effective contact area and gasket average contact stress, and it increases linearly with increasing medium pressure. The leakage through the octagonal gasket connection shows the characteristic of the laminar flow of incompressible viscous fluid.

Improvement and Taper Optimal Design of the Hydraulic Fast Connector

2013 ◽  
Vol 341-342 ◽  
pp. 406-410
Author(s):  
Heng Fu Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Contact Stress ◽  
Contact Surface ◽  
Maximum Contact Stress ◽  
Finite Element Technology ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Maximum Contact

Improvement design was carried out to resolve the issue about easily damaged and difficult repaired planar seal for hydraulic fast connector. Through adding a taper on male connector and female regulating part on female connector, the co-planar seal was changed into the taper seal which the seal was more reliable. When the contact surface was worn, it can be resealed by adjusting the female regulating part. Taper seal was key to design the reasonable taper. In order to acquire the best taper, taper optimal design was carried out using finite element technology, the relationship between maximum contact stress and tape was gained. Simulation results showed that the best taper could be gained when the big-endian radius of the taper was 11.82 mm.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. F. Blake ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
D. R. Peacor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

Studies on Leukemogenic and Sarcomagenic Viruses

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 156-157
Author(s):  
Leon Dmochowski
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Mode Of Development ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Electron microscopy has proved to be an invaluable discipline in studies on the relationship of viruses to the origin of leukemia, sarcoma, and other types of tumors in animals and man. The successful cell-free transmission of leukemia and sarcoma in mice, rats, hamsters, and cats, interpreted as due to a virus or viruses, was proved to be due to a virus on the basis of electron microscope studies. These studies demonstrated that all the types of neoplasia in animals of the species examined are produced by a virus of certain characteristic morphological properties similar, if not identical, in the mode of development in all types of neoplasia in animals, as shown in Fig. 1.

The relationship of IGE receptor topography to signaling activity in RBL-2H3 mast cells

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 236-237
Author(s):  
J.R. Pfeiffer ◽  
J.C. Seagrave ◽  
C. Wofsy ◽  
J.M. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Scattered Electron ◽  
Ige Receptor ◽  
Receptor Complexes ◽  
Ige Binding ◽  
Electron Imaging ◽  
Small Clusters ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In RBL-2H3 rat leukemic mast cells, crosslinking IgE-receptor complexes with anti-IgE antibody leads to degranulation. Receptor crosslinking also stimulates the redistribution of receptors on the cell surface, a process that can be observed by labeling the anti-IgE with 15 nm protein A-gold particles as described in Stump et al. (1989), followed by back-scattered electron imaging (BEI) in the scanning electron microscope. We report that anti-IgE binding stimulates the redistribution of IgE-receptor complexes at 37“C from a dispersed topography (singlets and doublets; S/D) to distributions dominated sequentially by short chains, small clusters and large aggregates of crosslinked receptors. These patterns can be observed (Figure 1), quantified (Figure 2) and analyzed statistically. Cells incubated with 1 μg/ml anti-IgE, a concentration that stimulates maximum net secretion, redistribute receptors as far as chains and small clusters during a 15 min incubation period. At 3 and 10 μg/ml anti-IgE, net secretion is reduced and the majority of receptors redistribute rapidly into clusters and large aggregates.

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