Research on Quick Freezing Technology of Sword Bean (Canavalia gladiate)

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 421-425
Author(s):  
Juan Xu ◽  
Qing Qing Li ◽  
Chen Wei Zhou ◽  
Rui Zhi Wang ◽  
Shan Shan Du ◽  
...  

Freezing technology has an important impact on the quality of quick frozen vegetables. In this study, followed blanching at 96.5 °C for 1.03 min, the effects of quick freezing of sword bean (Canavalia gladiate) on its quality were studied to optimize the quick freezing procedure. Electron microscope scanning was used to observe the microstructure, and maximum compressive strength and contents of vitamin C and chlorophyll were detected as well after quick freezing. The results showed that it was the optimized procedure to quick freeze sword bean was at-40 °C for 6.3 min, by which sword bean kept the best quality close to its fresh counterpart.

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Rishi Babu Bhandari ◽  
Arvind Pathak ◽  
Vinay Kumar Jha

In this work, geopolymers have been synthesized from coal fly ash (CFA) using KOH and Na2SiO3 as activators. Some parameters such as alkali concentration, amount of Na2SiO3 and curing time have been varied in order to improve the quality of geopolymeric product. The geopolymerization process was carried out using 3-8 M KOH solutions, Na2SiO3 to CFA mass ratio of 0.25-2.00 and curing time variation from 6-28 days. The curing temperature was fixed at 40°C in all the cases. During the variation of KOH concentration, the maximum compressive strength of 6.62 MPa was obtained with CFA treated with 7 M KOH solution. Similarly, with the variation of the mass ratio of Na2SiO3 to CFA, the maximum compressive strength of 28.1 MPa was obtained with Na2SiO3 to CFA mass ratio of 1.75. Furthermore, the compressive strength was found to be increased with increasing curing time and 41.9 MPa was achieved with 28 days of curing time. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jncs.v29i0.9232Journal of Nepal Chemical SocietyVol. 29, 2012Page: 18-23Uploaded date : 12/3/2013 


2013 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Vinay Kumar Jha ◽  
Gautam Prasad Budhamagar

In the present work, geopolymers have been synthesized from coal fly ash (CFA) using NaOH and Na2SiO3 as activators. Some parameters like alkali concentration, amount of Na2SiO3 and curing time have been varied in order to improve the quality of geopolymeric product. The geopolymerization process has been performed using 3-8M NaOH solutions, Na2SiO3 to CFA mass ratios of 0.25-1.25 and curing time variation from 5-15 days. The curing temperature was fixed at 40ºC in all cases. In the variation of NaOH concentration, the maximum compressive strength of 2.3 MPa was obtained with CFA treated with 6M NaOH solution. Similarly during the variation of amount of Na2SiO3, the maximum compressive strength of 17.6 MPa was obtained with Na2SiO3 to CFA mass ratio of 1.25. Furthermore, the compressive strength was found increasing up to 20.3 MPa with increasing curing time.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jncs.v30i0.9331Journal of Nepal Chemical Society Vol. 30, 2012 Page:  24-28 Uploaded date: 12/16/2013 


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Moh. Abdul Basit Minanulloh ◽  
Yosef Cahyo ◽  
Ahmad Ridwan

K-300 concrete is concrete that has a characteristic compressive strength of 300 kg/cm2.  Many studies that use plantation and mining waste materials are simply wasted. These wastes are in the form of kemiri shell ash, rice husk ash, and others. in this study, kemiri shell ash as a cement additive, with variations in the addition of 5%, 10%, and 15% of the weight of cement to the quality of K-300 concrete. Concrete compressive tests carried out at the age of 7 and 28 days. The purpose of this study was to determine the compressive strength of concrete, the highest pressure strength, and the optimum percentage. Strong concrete pressure characteristics obtained at 28 days at a normal concrete variation 304.127 kg / cm, normal concrete variations with the addition of 5% “Abu Cangkang kemiri” 421,551 kg / cm, normal concrete variations with the addition of 10% “Abu Cangkang kemiri” 426,863 kg / cm2, and variations  normal concrete with the addition of 15% “Abu Cangkang kemiri” 428,210 kg / cm.  The results show that the optimum percentage of the addition of kemiri shell ash is 15% of the weight of cement with a maximum compressive strength of 428,210 kg/cm.  Beton K-300 adalah beton yang mempunyai kuat tekan karakteristik sebesar 300 kg/cm². Banyak penelitian yang menggunakan bahan – bahan limbah perkebunan dan tambang yang terbuang begitu saja. Limbah tersebut berupa abu cangkang kemiri, abu sekam Padi, dan lain- lain. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan abu cangkang Kemiri sebagai bahan tambah semen, dengan variasi penambahan 5%, 10%, dan 15%  dari berat semen terhadap mutu beton K-300. Uji tekan beton dilaksanakan pada umur 7 dan 28 hari. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kuat tekan beton dan  kuat tekan tertinggi. Kuat tekan karakteristik yang diperoleh pada umur 28 hari pada variasi beton normal 304,127 kg/cm², variasi beton normal dengan penambahan 5% abu cangkang  Kemiri 421,551 kg/cm², variasi beton normal dengan penambahan10% abu cangkang Kemiri 426,863kg/cm², dan variasi beton normal dengan penambahan 15% abu cangkang Kemiri 428,210 kg/cm². Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa presentase optimum dari penambahan abu cangang Kemiri  adalah sebesar15% dari berat semen dengan kuat tekan maksimum sebesar 428,210 kg/cm².


Jurnal PenSil ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-151
Author(s):  
Wisnu Adhi Saputra ◽  
Anisah Anisah ◽  
Rosmawita Saleh

Infrastructure development that occurs causes cement demand to increase each year To reduce cement production, other alternative substitutes are needed, one alternative material that can be utilized is carbide waste. Utilization of carbide waste if added as material needs to be handled first before use. The addition of carbide waste as an ingredient in mixing mortar is expected to give a pozolanic reaction so that it will increase the compressive strength of the mortar. The aim of this research is to prove whether carbide waste as an added material can reach the M type mortar compressive strength based on SNI 6882-2014. This study used an experimental method with a total of 36 cube specimens measuring 50 mm each side, a cement water factor of 0.4, the compressive strength of an M-type plan (17.2 MPa). The specimens consisted of mortars with added carbide waste materials with variations of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, and 12.5% ​​by weight of cement. The results showed that all variations with the addition of carbide waste can increase the compressive strength to exceed the quality of type M quality (17.2 MPa). Average compressive strength of mortar with the addition of carbide waste variations of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, and 12.5% ​​of the weight of cement at 28 days respectively as follows are 20, 67 MPa, 23.33 MPa, 22 MPa, 26.67 MPa, 24.33 MPa, 19 MPa. Maximum compressive strength occurs at a variation of 7.5% carbide waste


Author(s):  
K. Shibatomi ◽  
T. Yamanoto ◽  
H. Koike

In the observation of a thick specimen by means of a transmission electron microscope, the intensity of electrons passing through the objective lens aperture is greatly reduced. So that the image is almost invisible. In addition to this fact, it have been reported that a chromatic aberration causes the deterioration of the image contrast rather than that of the resolution. The scanning electron microscope is, however, capable of electrically amplifying the signal of the decreasing intensity, and also free from a chromatic aberration so that the deterioration of the image contrast due to the aberration can be prevented. The electrical improvement of the image quality can be carried out by using the fascionating features of the SEM, that is, the amplification of a weak in-put signal forming the image and the descriminating action of the heigh level signal of the background. This paper reports some of the experimental results about the thickness dependence of the observability and quality of the image in the case of the transmission SEM.


Author(s):  
John H. Luft

With information processing devices such as radio telescopes, microscopes or hi-fi systems, the quality of the output often is limited by distortion or noise introduced at the input stage of the device. This analogy can be extended usefully to specimen preparation for the electron microscope; fixation, which initiates the processing sequence, is the single most important step and, unfortunately, is the least well understood. Although there is an abundance of fixation mixtures recommended in the light microscopy literature, osmium tetroxide and glutaraldehyde are favored for electron microscopy. These fixatives react vigorously with proteins at the molecular level. There is clear evidence for the cross-linking of proteins both by osmium tetroxide and glutaraldehyde and cross-linking may be a necessary if not sufficient condition to define fixatives as a class.


2021 ◽  
Vol 147 (2) ◽  
pp. AB125
Author(s):  
Rishma Chooniedass ◽  
Lianne Soller ◽  
Sandeep Kapur ◽  
Gregory Rex ◽  
Mary McHenry ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Li ◽  
Liangang Mao ◽  
Yanning Zhang ◽  
Lan Zhang ◽  
Hongyun Jiang

Changes in mango fruit quality, malondialdehyde content, and enzymatic activities in response to pathogen Alternaria alternata infection were studied. A. alternata significantly affected the appearance of mango fruit at 5 and 7 days after treatment (DAT). The quality of pathogen-infected fruit first showed a significant decrease in titratable acidity and vitamin C content and a significant increase in pH since 3 DAT. The malondialdehyde content was higher than that in the untreated controls at 3 and 7 DAT. The enzyme activities of ascorbate peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase showed significant increases since 3 DAT. Significant increases in l-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and superoxide dismutase activities were observed at 7 DAT. These results indicate that A. alternata infection first significantly affects some biochemical constituents and enzyme activities in mango fruit since 3 DAT and that there was no significant effect on appearance until 5 DAT.


2010 ◽  
Vol 150-151 ◽  
pp. 753-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiong Hao Li ◽  
Yong Jie Xue ◽  
Min Zhou

This paper discussed the feasibility of unburned and non-autoclaved, steam cured bricks prepared by FGD byproducts from coal-fired power plants. The results show that FGD byproduct, aggregates, cementious materials and water could be used to prepare bricks during the process of stir and compaction under natural cure and steam cured condition. S4 and Z2 are the optimum design mixture composition. The maximum compressive strength and saturation coefficient are 28.7 MPa and 96.7%. FGD byproducts do no harm to environment and a pilot-scale experiment demonstrates that bricks made with FGDA can meet the MU10 level bricks technical requirement.


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