Environmental Problems and Countermeasures Caused by Pit Precipitation

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 969-972
Author(s):  
Huai Feng Tong ◽  
Hong Fang Li
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Foundation Settlement ◽  
Pipe Network ◽  
Underground Pipelines ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Harmful Result ◽  
Underground Water Level

The environmental effects of the excavation works, which including retaining structures, pile construction, reducing the groundwater level, excavations on the surrounding environment, and performance in many ways. Reducing the underground water level can cause harmful result: the foundation settlement surrounding buildings and nearby underground pipelines. In addition, a large number of extracted groundwater is often discharged directly to the Sewage pipe network is a huge waste of water resources in cities. In this paper, the countermeasures are discussed based on the analysis of the problem.

scholarly journals Observation of underground water level in the area of forest estate "Sremska Mitrovica " during 2000 and 2001

2002 ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroljub Djorovic ◽  
Ljubomir Letic
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Turkey Oak ◽  
Regeneration Capability ◽  
City Water ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Underground Water Level

Observation of underground water level in the area of "Jasensko-Belilo", which belongs to the Forest Estate "Sremska Mitrovica", started in 1999. The measurements were performed by means of 2 piezometers set up approximately perpendicularly to the river Sava, forming profile number 1 (Fig.1). The results of these measurements (Fig. 2, 3) show a significant lowering of groundwater level in 2000. The reason is most likely the unfavorable rainfall amount and distribution during that year (Table 2). A much better situation was during 2001 when the minimal groundwater level was up to 2 meters and it was considered to be the result of a favorable amount of rainfall and its distribution during the year (Tables 2, 3). It was noticed that Carpinus betulus appears instead of flowering ash (Fraxinus ornus), which is a good sign that generally the level of underground water is lowering. Also, the phenomenon that pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) gradually loses its natural regeneration capability also confirms the trend of lowering underground water level. If this trend continues, oak will be in a very near future naturally substituted by less valuable species, probably Turkey oak (Quercus cerris). If groundwater wells along the river Sava reach the vicinity of this area, which is a plan for the Belgrade city water supply, the trend of groundwater table lowering will be even more expressed and it will certainly endanger the existence of all valuable forest species in this area.

scholarly journals Foundation design on problematic soils with high underground water level

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-245
Author(s):  
Nazile Ural ◽  
◽  
Abdulselam Gergin
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Foundation Design ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Problematic Soils ◽  
Underground Water Level ◽  
Groundwater Level Changes

In this study, the foundation systems of a structure on different soil profiles and different groundwater levels are modeled and analyzed. Several difficulties encounter during the basic design and implementation phases. In particular, the high groundwater level, the load on the soil under the load-bearing capacity, liquefaction causes many problems such as emergence. Within the scope of this study, foundation systems which based on six different soil profiles with a high groundwater level modeled with Plaxis 2D program. Thus, the stress and displacement conditions of the soil about the foundation system as a result of the soil properties and groundwater level changes in problematic soils investigated.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Impaction of Coal Mining on Ordovician Karst Water through Statistical Methods

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Huang ◽  
Zaibin Liu ◽  
Wenke Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
Groundwater Level ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Wavelet Coherence ◽  
Karst Water ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Spring Flow ◽  
Underground Water Level

This study aims to reveal karst water trend change and the variation of affecting factors in the Heilongdong spring area due to long-term coal mining. In this study, five yearly recoded data over more than 40 years were collected, including underground water level dynamics, water flow, groundwater withdrawal for industrial and agricultural production and domestic production (groundwater withdrawal), mine drainage and rainfall. On that basis, we conducted linear regression, innovative trend analysis (ITA) and the Mann–Kendall method to quantitative analyze the trend and mutation sequence of the time series of environmental hydrological parameters in the study area. To determine the correlation of different affecting parameters under coal mining, as well as the trend of the correlation, we conducted multivariate linear regression analysis and exploited wavelet coherence. The results suggest: (1) under human influence, the annual value of underground water level in the Heilongdong spring area shows an insignificant decrease of 0.42 m/a; precipitation shows a significant downward trend of 2.34 mm/a, primarily the decrease of rainstorm; the spring flow shows a significant decrease of 9.41 × 106 m3/a, and springs with different flow show a significant decrease. (2) The abrupt changes of various factors affecting spring flow in the study area were successively delayed by rainfall, mine drainage rate, industrial and agricultural water consumption and underground water level. (3) Since the year of the start of dramatic changes, under the impact of increased manual mining and mine drainage, the amount of spring overflow has decreased, the groundwater level has decreased, and the groundwater dynamics have varied from meteorological type to meteorology-artificial type. Moreover, the factors affecting the dynamic changes of groundwater have been changed to rainfall and artificial mining and drainage. (4) As the results of Wavelet coherence analysis suggest, the spring flow resonates significantly with rainfall from the period of 3a to 15a. The correlation between the original spring flow and groundwater level is more obvious than that between the original spring flow and rainfall. The correlation between residual flow and groundwater level is less obvious than that between residual flow and rainfall. The above results provide a basis for comprehensively exploiting water resources in coal mining areas and regional groundwater resources protection measures.

Heritability of Motor Skill

1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. T. Williams ◽  
J. B. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Error Variance ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Skills ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Balance Task ◽  
And Performance

A total of 22 monozygotic (MZ) and 41 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs were given 72 trials on a stabilometer balance task over six days to study the extent of the genetic contribution to learning and performance of a gross motor skill. The expectations that interindividual differences would be less for the MZ than for the DZ twins and that intraindividual variability would not be different between the two groups were supported. Intraclass correlations were used to provide estimates for the proportions of total phenotypic variance accounted for by heritability (h2), systematic environmental variance (E2), and nonsystematic environmental effects (e2). Heritability was found to be low during the early stages of learning, before it increased to stabilize at approximately 65% for the remaining practice. E2 was highest during these early stages (24%), then declined quickly to stabilize at half that level. Error variance (e2) constituted the remaining variance. Learning profiles of the twin pairs were also analyzed, with a greater intrapair resemblance being found for the MZ twins. The present findings indicate that, for gross motor skills, there is considerable potential for influencing both the levels of performance (and learning) and the differences between individuals by judicious use of systematic environmental effects.

Wide Range Underground Water Level Dynamic Information Monitoring Network System

2013 ◽  
Vol 373-375 ◽  
pp. 743-751
Author(s):  
Wen Li ◽  
Xiao Mei Wang ◽  
Xue Ke Luo
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Monitoring Network ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Network System ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Dynamic Information ◽  
Information Monitoring ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Underground Water Level

In order to solve data lack of underground water research and monitoring situation, a wide range underground water lever dynamic information monitoring network system was designed. Remote monitoring terminal based on the techniques of embedded and wireless transmission monitored the change of underground water level; Monitoring analysis center based on the JAVA technology of B/S architecture was designed to inquiry the real-time data,set parameter and analyze data, etc. An approximate water level point was obtained by adopting the modified small period prediction model and the weight distribution method. This enhances reliability of monitored data. By utilizing the technology of GPRS wireless data transmission and Ethernet technology, a remote and real-time data transmission channel was build. Large area application in Shanxi Province shows that the system has the stable performance and the reasonable structure. System can provide long-term reliable data for underground water research.

The Method Comparison of Anti-Floating of Reinforced Concrete Slab at Underground Business Street

2017 ◽  
Vol 730 ◽  
pp. 429-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Xia Wang ◽  
Zheng Ru Yuan ◽  
Huan Xi Cai
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Method Comparison ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Foundation Design ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab ◽  
Design Scheme ◽  
Raft Foundation ◽  
Underground Water Level ◽  
Coefficient Method

It’s a good mean to develop underground business street. But at South China, usually the underground water level is higher, while the weight of structures is smaller, so it causes a prominent problem—anti-floating of structures. These cases of failure including both whole anti-floating and partial anti-floating are reported occasionally. To thoroughly solve the problem of anti-floating, the foundation design of underground street structure is particularly important. At present there are two kinds of foundation design scheme of the underground street. The First is raft foundation plus anti-floating anchors, and the second is independent foundation plus waterproof plates. In this paper, according to practical underground business street, two kinds of foundation design scheme are used to calculate the foundation respectively. Conclusion are drawn: by means of raft foundation, the quantity of bars at Column pier is smaller than that by means of independent foundation; the quantity of bars at raft is bigger than that by means of waterproof plates; the quantity of bars at waterproof plate is bigger gained by means of experience coefficient method than that by mean of JCCAD.

scholarly journals Logit model application for valuating intangible benefits from the afforested areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Girish Chandra ◽  
Avinash Jain ◽  
Sanjay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Control ◽  
Logit Model ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
Intangible Benefits ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Underground Water Level

PurposeThe estimation of market value of intangible benefits of afforestation has always been a challenging task, and the contingent valuation method is a popular method used in environmental assessment. The NTPC set up a coal-based power plant in Korba, India and planted 1.6 million trees on 19% of the project area.Design/methodology/approachThe individual's mean and median willingness to pay (WTP) for four intangible benefits, namely, pollution control (PC), improvement in underground water level (IUGWL), soil conservation and remediation (SCR) in addition to total WTP from the afforestation program of NTPC were estimated using a customized procedure for logit model based upon respondent's age, education, occupation, income and bid amount asked to pay. Stratified multistage random sampling has been used to select the respondents.FindingsThe procedure increases the number of respondents who are willing to pay as compared to conventional CVM. The finding of the study shows that the highest WTP was observed for PC (Rs. 462.84 per month per household) followed by SCR and IUGWL, whereas for total WTP it was Rs. 972.60.Originality/valueThe proposed customized procedure and the results thereof would be useful in improving the WTP estimates for other similar studies in order to conserve the environment.

An Overview of Aircraft Accident Investigation and Component Failures

2021 ◽  
pp. 778-786
Author(s):  
Ellen E. Wright ◽  
Suzanne F. Uchneat
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
System Level ◽  
Accident Investigation ◽  
Materials Engineering ◽  
Aircraft Component ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Aircraft Accident ◽  
Component Failures ◽  
Structure Properties

Abstract This article focuses on failure analyses of aircraft components from a metallurgical and materials engineering standpoint, which considers the interdependence of processing, structure, properties, and performance of materials. It discusses methodologies for conducting aircraft investigations and inspections and emphasizes cases where metallurgical or materials contributions were causal to an accident event. The article highlights how the failure of a component or system can affect the associated systems and the overall aircraft. The case studies in this article provide examples of aircraft component and system-level failures that resulted from various factors, including operational stresses, environmental effects, improper maintenance/inspection/repair, construction and installation issues, manufacturing issues, and inadequate design.

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