The Research and Application of Innovative Approaches Based on Cognitive Processes

2012 ◽  
Vol 215-216 ◽  
pp. 566-570
Author(s):  
Huan Huan Su ◽  
Chang Qing Gao ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Er Hu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Product Innovation ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Cognitive Activities ◽  
The Mind

Conceptual design is the most innovative stages in the life cycle of product development, and its process consists of a large number of cognitive activities. Cognitive science is an interdisciplinary research emerging science of nature and law of the mind and intelligence. In order to get the creative thinking effectively in the product innovation process, the cognitive science and creative thinking of thinking psychology and the inventive problem solving method which is based on the law of engineering and technical development must be organically combined, to stimulate the thinking of designers and achieve the product innovation design rapidly. A method based on the cognitive process to solve the innovation problem is presented in this paper. TRIZ and cognitive process are combined organically. The cognitive processes of TRIZ problem-solving are also described in this paper, and an instance of the beam extraction machine is given.

scholarly journals STUDENTS’ COGNITIVE PROCESSES IN SOLVING PROBLEM RELATED TO THE CONCEPT OF AREA CONSERVATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rooselyna Ekawati ◽  
Ahmad Wachidul Kohar ◽  
Elly Matul Imah ◽  
Siti Maghfirotun Amin ◽  
Shofan Fiangga
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Low Achievers ◽  
High Achievers ◽  
Seventh Graders ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Area Formula ◽  
High Achiever ◽  
Cyclic Processes

This study aimed to determine the cognitive process employed in problem-solving related to the concept of area conservation for seventh graders. Two students with different mathematical ability were chosen to be the subjects of this research. Each of them was the representative of high achievers and low achievers based on a set of area conservation test. Results indicate that both samples performed more cyclic processes on formulating solution planning, regulating solution part and detecting and correcting error during the problem-solving. However, it was found that the high achiever student performed some processes than those of low achiever. Also, while the high achiever student did not predict any outcomes of his formulated strategies, the low achiever did not carry out the thought process after detecting errors of the initial solution gained. About the concept of area conservation, the finding also reveals that within the samples’ cognitive processes, the use of area formula come first before students decided to look for another strategy such as doing ‘cut-rotate-paste’ for the curved planes, which do not have any direct formula. The possible causes of the results were discussed to derive some recommendation for future studies.

scholarly journals On Accelerations in Science Driven by Daring Ideas: Good Messages from Fallibilistic Rationalism

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Witold Marciszewski
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Classical Version ◽  
Conceptual Apparatus ◽  
Processing Information ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
The Senses

Abstract The first good message is to the effect that people possess reason as a source of intellectual insights, not available to the senses, as e.g. axioms of arithmetic. The awareness of this fact is called rationalism. Another good message is that reason can daringly quest for and gain new plausible insights. Those, if suitably checked and confirmed, can entail a revision of former results, also in mathematics, and - due to the greater efficiency of new ideas - accelerate science’s progress. The awareness that no insight is secured against revision, is called fallibilism. This modern fallibilistic rationalism (Peirce, Popper, Gödel, etc. oppose the fundamentalism of the classical version (Plato, Descartes etc.), i.e. the belief in the attainability of inviolable truths of reason which would forever constitute the foundations of knowledge. Fallibilistic rationalism is based on the idea that any problem-solving consists in processing information. Its results vary with respect to informativeness and its reverse - certainty. It is up to science to look for highly informative solutions, in spite of their uncertainty, and then to make them more certain through testing against suitable evidence. To account for such cognitive processes, one resorts to the conceptual apparatus of logic, informatics, and cognitive science.

The Elusive Extended Mind

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Fred Adams
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Extended Mind ◽  
Andy Clark ◽  
Intelligent Behavior ◽  
The Mind

For nearly twenty years Andy Clark has been the chief architect and proponent of the thesis of extended mind. But it is only the cognitive processes in the mind that extend, according to Clark (not consciousness itself). However, when it comes to saying what a cognitive process is such that one can determine whether it does or does not extend, Clark is less forthcoming. He has offered a Dennettian “cognition is as cognition does.” He has offered that cognition is “what supports intelligent behavior.” In some cases he comes very close to asserting that we don’t really need to say what cognition is. This chapter explains why this all matters and why the failure to be more forthcoming makes the extended mind an elusive entity.

Cognitive Science

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Thagard
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
Social Difficulties ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Practical Progress ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
Past Half

Cognitive science is the interdisciplinary study of mind and intelligence, embracing psychology, neuroscience, linguistics, philosophy, anthropology, and computer modeling (artificial intelligence). After a review of the history of the field and its contributing disciplines, this chapter examines some of the main theoretical and experimental advances that cognitive science has accomplished over the past half-century, deriving lessons that might be useful for researchers in any emerging interdisciplinary area. The intellectual benefits of interdisciplinary research dramatically outweigh the personal and social difficulties of operating in more than one field. For theoretical, experimental, and practical progress, the separate disciplines that study the mind need to be interdependent, relying on each other for ideas and methods that complement their own.

What are Mental Representations?

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Mental Representation ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Mental Representations ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Brain

Mental representation is one of the core theoretical constructs within cognitive science and, together with the introduction of the computer as a model for the mind, is responsible for enabling the “cognitive turn” in psychology and associated fields. Conceiving of cognitive processes, such as perception, motor control, and reasoning, as processes that consist in the manipulation of contentful vehicles representing the world has allowed us to refine our explanations of behavior and has led to tremendous empirical advancements. Despite the central role that the concept plays in cognitive science, there is no unanimously accepted characterization of mental representation. Technological and methodological progress in the cognitive sciences has produced numerous computational models of the brain and mind, many of which have introduced mutually incompatible notions of mental representation. This proliferation has led some philosophers to question the metaphysical status and explanatory usefulness of the notion. This book contains state-of-the-art chapters on the topic of mental representation, assembling some of the leading experts in the field and allowing them to engage in meaningful exchanges over some of the most contentious questions. The collection gathers both proponents and critics of the concept of mental representation, allowing them to engage with topics such as the ontological status of representations, the possibility of formulating a general account of mental representation which would fit our best explanatory practices, and the possibility of delivering such an account in fully naturalistic terms.

scholarly journals How Task Conflict Can Support Creative Problem Solving in Teams by Stimulating Knowledge Sharing, Critical and Creative Thinking and Meta-Cognition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Kiernan ◽  
Ann Ledwith ◽  
Raymond Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Task Conflict ◽  
Creative Problem Solving ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Creative Problem ◽  
Critical And Creative Thinking

This study explores how task conflict can support creative problem solving in teams and the cognitive processes applied. As multidisciplinary teams can be diverse in nature, they may not always partake competently in the pooling of information, and as a result task conflict may arise due to differences in mental models. Under certain conditions task conflict is considered to be beneficial to creative problem solving because it stimulates knowledge exchange and integration and constructive criticism to reach co-created decisions and solutions. Four case studies were conducted to analyse the discourse of teams carrying out design and innovation projects. Task conflict was found to have a positive impact on creative problem solving in the application of four cognitive processes: knowledge processing, critical and creative thinking and metacognition (team self-reflection). Task conflict was positively related to creativity in the proposal of solution alternatives. The successful application of the cognitive processes was dependent on an awareness of when task conflict is appropriate and high level social skills. The findings have implications for managers of teams solving complex problems. They highlight how the cognitive processes can be constructively used to stimulate and manage conflict to effectively solve problems in teams.

scholarly journals Critical review of problem solving processes traditional theoretical models

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Lucero Botía Sanabria ◽  
Luis Humberto Orozco Pulido
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Cognitive Styles ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Object Problem

This paper presents a brief analysis of most known problem solving theoretical models realized using epistemological categories such as observer position, object of study, methods and procedures, and descriptive or explicative scope. The review showed linear and cyclical models, the need to recognize method's limitations to generalizing, the relevance of expliciting observer position, and a diffuse delimitation of the object problem solving as a cognitive process. An integrative and molar theoretical model of problem solving as a dependent variable is proposed whose variations go with critical cognitive processes (information processing, comprehension, reasoning, cognitive styles, and attitudes). Its molar feature refers to that it integrates basic and high order processes in a general cognitive activity; this proposal has to be extensively tested.

What Are Minds?

Brain-Mind ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Paul Thagard
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical System ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Mental Representations ◽  
Emergent Properties ◽  
Complex Mechanisms ◽  
The Mind

Rather than define the concept of mind, this chapter gives it a “three-analysis” in terms of standard examples such as various people’s intelligence; typical features such as perception, problem solving, emotions, and consciousness; and explanations such as why people behave as they do. Competing explanations of how the mind works have identified it as soul, computer, brain, dynamical system, or social construction. Cognitive science explains mind as operating with mental representations and processes. These mental mechanisms are compatible with a broader account that includes social, neural, and molecular mechanisms. Mechanisms are combinations of interconnected parts that produce regular changes, and complex mechanisms can have emergent properties that belong to wholes but not to their parts.

Extended Cognition

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-40
Author(s):  
Julian Kiverstein
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Extended Cognition ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Turn On ◽  
Clear Winner ◽  
The Family ◽  
Embodied Cognitive Science ◽  
Extended Theories

The debates within 4E cognitive science surrounding extended cognition turn on competing ontological conceptions of cognitive processes. The embedded theory (henceforth EMT) and the family of extended theories of cognition (henceforth EXT) disagree about what it is for a state or process to count as cognitive. Advocates of EMT continue to interpret the concept of cognition along more or less traditional lines as being constituted by computational, rule-based operations carried out on internal representational structures that carry information about the world. EXT by contrast argues that bodily actions, and the environmental resources that agents act upon, can under certain conditions count as constituent parts of a cognitive process. I show how the debate between functionalist EXT and EMT ends in deadlock without any clear winner. I finish up by looking to radical embodied cognitive science for an alternative ontology of cognition that can provide grounds for favoring EXT over EMT.

scholarly journals CREATIVE THINKING SKILL AS AN IMPORTANT ASPECT IN DISRUPTIVE ERA

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Yuda Bekti Pamungkas ◽  
Restu Peni Winahyu
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Thinking Skill ◽  
Process Execution ◽  
The One ◽  
Creative Thinking Skill ◽  
The Way

<p><em>Disruptive era is a change of achievement towards a better innovation. Education is one of priority to prepare human resources to confront the disruptive era.  As educational actor, student must have an important think one of that is creative thinking skill. Creative thinking skill is the basis for progress of quality and the mentality of the student. Creative thinking is the way to prepare disruptive era as the complexity of competitive. As the effective execution, creative thinking will increase the cognitive processes, held to depend on the strategies employed in process execution and the knowledge being used in problem solving. This paper uses the method of theory study. It so we make a result by some of the theory and made conclusion about the important creative thinking skill in disruptive era. Creative thinking skill is the one of the main stimulus to create gold era on 2045.</em></p>

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