The Study on the Inhibiting Effect of Denitrifying Bacteria on Sulfate-Reducing Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 260-261 ◽  
pp. 1210-1214
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Xuan Zhang ◽  
Li Hui Zhou ◽  
Jian Ke Ren ◽  
Nan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Reduction Process ◽  
Denitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Inhibiting Effect ◽  
Uasb Reactors ◽  
Limiting Value

The average concentration of H2S in Changqing oil Field is higher than 100mg/m3,which is much higher than the demand of “Operational Site Harm Factor Occupation Contact Limiting Value” (GBZ2-2002). Taking this factor into consideration, the experiment aimed at reducing H2S concentration in crude oil gatering and transferring systems by using the denitrifying bacteria. The experiment has two parts: First sulphat reduction process and then denitrification inhibit process. Therefore, two UASB reactors are used in a series to achieve these two processes. The first UASB reactor are mainly used to create SRB bacteria and H2S gas .After the first UASB reactor successfully starting, sodium nitrite are added in the second UASB to achieve denitrification inhibit process. The experiment showed that after the first UASB reactor start, the S2- can achieve 120mg/L and SO42- concentration is about 200 mg/L. So the Sulfate conversion rate can achieve 75%. Then, when the second UASB reactor started successfully, the S2- concentration sharply droped into 20 mg/L and SO42- concentration increased to 400mg/L, the sulphat reduction can achieve 83%. Also, advanced research showed that both SO42-concentration ratio and ORP value can contribute to restraining the SRB bacteria.Finally，through DGGE technology,many kinds of bacteria take into this process, for example pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results of this experiment has a great value to refrain the concentration of H2S in oil fields.

scholarly journals The impact of bacterial diversity on resistance to biocides in oilfields

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Feix Pereira ◽  
Harry Luiz Pilz-Junior ◽  
Gertrudes Corção
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
16S Rrna Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Dimethyl Benzyl ◽  
The Impact

AbstractExtreme conditions and the availability of determinate substrates in oil fields promote the growth of a specific microbiome. Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and acid-producing bacteria (APB) are usually found in these places and can harm important processes due to increases in corrosion rates, biofouling and reservoir biosouring. Biocides such as glutaraldehyde, dibromo-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate (THPS) and alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (ADBAC) are commonly used in oil fields to mitigate uncontrolled microbial growth. The aim of this work was to evaluate the differences among microbiome compositions and their resistance to standard biocides in four different Brazilian produced water samples, two from a Southeast Brazil offshore oil field and two from different Northeast Brazil onshore oil fields. Microbiome evaluations were carried out through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. To evaluate the biocidal resistance, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the standard biocides were analyzed using enriched consortia of SRB and APB from the produced water samples. The data showed important differences in terms of taxonomy but similar functional characterization, indicating the high diversity of the microbiomes. The APB and SRB consortia demonstrated varying resistance levels against the biocides. These results will help to customize biocidal treatments in oil fields.

Characterization of sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from oil-field waters

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Tardy-Jacquenod ◽  
P. Caumette ◽  
R. Matheron ◽  
C. Lanau ◽  
O. Arnauld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Gulf Of Guinea ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

The occurrence and metabolic capacities of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) were studied in 23 water samples taken from producing wells at 14 different sites. Oil fields in France, the North Sea, and the Gulf of Guinea were selected and classified according to physicochemical parameters (salinity ranging from 0.3 to 120 g∙L−1 and temperature between 29 and 85 °C). After the distribution of SRB within oil fields was studied, several strains of SRB were isolated and characterized metabolically. Twenty of the thirty-seven strains were not related to any known species. Most of the identified strains were members of the genera Desulfovibrio and Desulfotomaculum by molecular, morphological, and physiological properties.Key words: sulfate-reducing bacteria, oil-field ecology, metabolic identification, biodiversity.

Sulfur cycling in mixed cultures of sulfide-oxidizing and sulfate- or sulfur-reducing oil field bacteria

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 905-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita J Telang ◽  
Gary E Jenneman ◽  
Gerrit Voordouw
Keyword(s):  
Produced Water ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Mixed Cultures ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Desulfuromonas Acetoxidans ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Mediated Oxidation

Thiomicrospira strain CVO and Arcobacter strain FWKO B are two nitrate-reducing, sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (NR-SOB) isolated from the Coleville field in western Canada. Analysis by reverse sample genome probing (RSGP) indicates that both can be enriched from Coleville produced water samples by addition of nitrate. Neither could be enriched from waters produced from oil fields with a high resident temperature (40-60°C). In co-cultures of the two microorganisms, CVO dominated at lower and FWKO B at higher sulfide concentrations. Sulfide concentrations of up to 15 mM (480 ppm) could be controlled (i.e., reduced to lower values) by the co-culture. Mixed cultures of a sulfate-reducing bacterium (Desulfovibrio strain Lac6) and CVO or FWKO B produced considerably less sulfide than cultures of Lac6 alone, indicating that these NR-SOB can efficiently oxidize sulfide generated by sulfate reduction provided nitrate is present. The same observations were made for mixed cultures of a sulfur-oxidizing bacterium (Desulfuromonas acetoxidans) and CVO. The results indicate that successful nitrate-mediated conversion of sulfide to oxidized forms (sulfur, sulfate) in oil field production waters by NR-SOB requires the absence of high concentrations of electron donors (e.g., lactate, acetate) that can reverse the nitrate-mediated oxidation reaction.

scholarly journals Microbial Diversity Dynamics in a Methanogenic-Sulfidogenic UASB Reactor

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1305
Author(s):  
E. Fernández-Palacios ◽  
Xudong Zhou ◽  
Mabel Mora ◽  
David Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Paper Industry ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Long Run

In this study, the long-term performance and microbial dynamics of an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor targeting sulfate reduction in a SOx emissions treatment system were assessed using crude glycerol as organic carbon source and electron donor under constant S and C loading rates. The reactor was inoculated with granular sludge obtained from a pulp and paper industry and fed at a constant inlet sulfate concentration of 250 mg S-SO42−L−1 and a constant C/S ratio of 1.5 ± 0.3 g Cg−1 S for over 500 days. Apart from the regular analysis of chemical species, Illumina analyses of the 16S rRNA gene were used to study the dynamics of the bacterial community along with the whole operation. The reactor was sampled along the operation to monitor its diversity and the changes in targeted species to gain insight into the performance of the sulfidogenic UASB. Moreover, studies on the stratification of the sludge bed were performed by sampling at different reactor heights. Shifts in the UASB performance correlated well with the main shifts in microbial communities of interest. A progressive loss of the methanogenic capacity towards a fully sulfidogenic UASB was explained by a progressive wash-out of methanogenic Archaea, which were outcompeted by sulfate-reducing bacteria. Desulfovibrio was found as the main sulfate-reducing genus in the reactor along time. A progressive reduction in the sulfidogenic capacity of the UASB was found in the long run due to the accumulation of a slime-like substance in the UASB.

Precipitation of heavy metals from coal ash leachate using biogenic hydrogen sulfide generated from FGD gypsum

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madawala Liyanage Duminda Jayaranjan ◽  
Ajit P. Annachhatre
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Fgd Gypsum ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Sulfate Reduction Process ◽  
Biological Sulfate Reduction

Investigations were undertaken to utilize flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum for the treatment of leachate from the coal ash (CA) dump sites. Bench-scale investigations consisted of three main steps namely hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production by sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) using sulfate from solubilized FGD gypsum as the electron acceptor, followed by leaching of heavy metals (HMs) from coal bottom ash (CBA) and subsequent precipitation of HMs using biologically produced sulfide. Leaching tests of CBA carried out at acidic pH revealed the existence of several HMs such as Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Mn, Cu, Ni and Zn. Molasses was used as the electron donor for the biological sulfate reduction (BSR) process which produced sulfide rich effluent with concentration up to 150 mg/L. Sulfide rich effluent from the sulfate reduction process was used to precipitate HMs as metal sulfides from CBA leachate. HM removal in the range from 40 to 100% was obtained through sulfide precipitation.

Flow Assurance in Buzios Field: Key Challenges and Implemented Solutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Noville ◽  
Milena da Silva Maciel ◽  
Anna Luiza de Moraes y blanco de Mattos ◽  
João Gabriel Carvalho de Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Flow Rate ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Flow Assurance ◽  
Water Alternating Gas ◽  
Early Design Stages ◽  
Scale Deposition ◽  
Full Operation

Abstract This article's goal is to present some of the main flow assurance challenges faced by PETROBRAS in the Buzios oil field, from its early design stages to full operation, up to this day. These challenges include: hydrate formation in WAG (Water Alternating Gas) operations; reliability of the chemical injection system to prevent scale deposition; increasing GLR (Gas Liquid Ratio) management and operations with extremely high flowrates. Flow assurance experience amassed in Buzios and in other pre-salt oil fields, regarding all these presented issues, is particularly relevant for the development of future projects with similar characteristics, such as high liquid flow rate, high CO2 content and high scaling potential.

Numerical Simulation of Gas Lift Optimization Using Artificial Intelligence for a Middle Eastern Oil Field

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ahmed Al-Janabi ◽  
Omar F. Al-Fatlawi ◽  
Dhifaf J. Sadiq ◽  
Haider Abdulmuhsin Mahmood ◽  
Mustafa Alaulddin Al-Juboori
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Reservoir Pressure ◽  
Artificial Lift ◽  
Gas Lift

Abstract Artificial lift techniques are a highly effective solution to aid the deterioration of the production especially for mature oil fields, gas lift is one of the oldest and most applied artificial lift methods especially for large oil fields, the gas that is required for injection is quite scarce and expensive resource, optimally allocating the injection rate in each well is a high importance task and not easily applicable. Conventional methods faced some major problems in solving this problem in a network with large number of wells, multi-constrains, multi-objectives, and limited amount of gas. This paper focuses on utilizing the Genetic Algorithm (GA) as a gas lift optimization algorithm to tackle the challenging task of optimally allocating the gas lift injection rate through numerical modeling and simulation studies to maximize the oil production of a Middle Eastern oil field with 20 production wells with limited amount of gas to be injected. The key objective of this study is to assess the performance of the wells of the field after applying gas lift as an artificial lift method and applying the genetic algorithm as an optimization algorithm while comparing the results of the network to the case of artificially lifted wells by utilizing ESP pumps to the network and to have a more accurate view on the practicability of applying the gas lift optimization technique. The comparison is based on different measures and sensitivity studies, reservoir pressure, and water cut sensitivity analysis are applied to allow the assessment of the performance of the wells in the network throughout the life of the field. To have a full and insight view an economic study and comparison was applied in this study to estimate the benefits of applying the gas lift method and the GA optimization technique while comparing the results to the case of the ESP pumps and the case of naturally flowing wells. The gas lift technique proved to have the ability to enhance the production of the oil field and the optimization process showed quite an enhancement in the task of maximizing the oil production rate while using the same amount of gas to be injected in the each well, the sensitivity analysis showed that the gas lift method is comparable to the other artificial lift method and it have an upper hand in handling the reservoir pressure reduction, and economically CAPEX of the gas lift were calculated to be able to assess the time to reach a profitable income by comparing the results of OPEX of gas lift the technique showed a profitable income higher than the cases of naturally flowing wells and the ESP pumps lifted wells. Additionally, the paper illustrated the genetic algorithm (GA) optimization model in a way that allowed it to be followed as a guide for the task of optimizing the gas injection rate for a network with a large number of wells and limited amount of gas to be injected.

Application of the UASB-Reactor for Anaerobic Treatment of Paper and Board Mill Effluent

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
L H A Habets ◽  
J H Knelissen
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Seed Sludge ◽  
Uasb Reactors

Within the holding of Bührmann-Tetterode NV, 7 Dutch paper and board mills are operating, all of them using mainly waste paper as raw material. While three of them completely closed their watercircuits, two other mills put into practice biological waste water treatment namely anaerobic and anaerobic/aerobic. Number 6 is realising an anaerobic plant this year and for number 7 research is still being carried out, dealing with several unfavourable aspects. In September 1981 research for anaerobic treatment (UASB reactors) was started. After good results had been achieved on laboratory scale (301), further investigations were started on semitechnical scale (50 m3). In both cases the anaerobic seed sludge granulated after a while and loadings up to 20 kg COD/m3.d could be handled. COD-removal was 70 per cent, even when the hydraulic retention time was only 2.5 hours. In April 1983 a 70 m3 practical scale UASB reactor was started up at the solid board mill of Ceres. In October 1983 a full scale plant was started up at Papierfabriek Roermond. This plant consists of a 1,000 m3 UASB reactor and a 70 m3 gasholder. It has been designed and constructed by Paques BV and is used for pretreatment of effluent, in order to reduce the loading of the activated sludge plant. Besides energy savings on the oxygen input, about 1 million m3/year of biogas is being generated and is used for steamproduction. Both plants are working satisfactorily. Investment costs appeared to be relatively low. At Ceres, pay-out time is 1.5 year, while at Papierfabriek Roermond waste water treatment is cheaper than before, although capacity is doubled.

scholarly journals The use of the method of controlling the electrochemical parameters of aqueous solutions to combat complications in the operation of oil field pipelines

2021 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 01008
Author(s):  
Oleg Latypov ◽  
Sergey Cherepashkin ◽  
Dina Latypova
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chemical Reagents ◽  
Electrochemical Parameters ◽  
Very High

Corrosion of equipment in the oil and gas complex is a global problem, as it contributes to huge material costs and global disasters that violate the environment. Corrosion control methods used to protect equipment do not always ensure the absolute safety of the operation of oil and gas facilities. Moreover, they are quite expensive. The developed method for controlling the electrochemical parameters of aqueous solutions to combat complications during the operation of oil-field pipelines provides the necessary protection against corrosion. The method is economical and environmentally friendly, since it does not require the use of chemical reagents. The test results have shown a very high efficiency in dealing with complications in oil fields.

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