Study on Control Strategy for Regenerative Braking of Electric Vehicles

2013 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 669-672
Author(s):  
Zhi Qiang Zhai ◽  
Xin Na Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
Braking Energy Recovery

To improve the efficiency of braking energy recovery,a control strategy for braking force distribution was designed.The front and rear wheels braking force were distributed according to the braking intensity,motor characteristics and relevant regulations.A simulation model was created and analyzed for this control strategy on the basis of software simulationX.The result shows that nearly 26% of total energy consumption are recovered effectively under the UDDS cycle on the premise of security and stability.

Study on Regenerative Braking Control Strategy for EV Based on the Vehicle Braking Mechanics

2012 ◽  
Vol 490-495 ◽  
pp. 1783-1787
Author(s):  
Guan Feng Li ◽  
Hong Xia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
Braking Control ◽  
Output Characteristics ◽  
Braking Energy Recovery

In order to improve the recovery of braking energy in electric vehicles, a braking force distribution control strategy is proposed which the braking force proportion of the front and rear wheels are distributed according to the brake strength, by analyzing the vehicle braking mechanics and related braking regulation, and combining with the motor output characteristics. A simulation is carried out with SIMULINK/ADVISOR, the results show that, comparing with ADVISOR braking force distribution control strategy, the control strategy not only meets braking stability well，but also there are obvious advantages in energy consumption per 100 kilometers，the rate of braking energy recovery and utilization.

scholarly journals Research on braking energy recovery strategy of electric vehicle based on ECE regulation and I curve

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 003685041987776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengqin Li ◽  
Bo Yu ◽  
Xinyuan Feng
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
State Of Charge ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
Battery State Of Charge ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
Braking Control ◽  
Braking Energy Recovery

Electric vehicles can convert the kinetic energy of the vehicle into electric energy for recycling. A reasonable braking force distribution strategy is the key to ensure braking stability and the energy recovery rate. For an electric vehicle, based on the ECE regulation curve and ideal braking force distribution (I curve), the braking force distribution strategy of the front and rear axles is designed to study the braking energy recovery control strategy. The fuzzy control method is adopted while the charging power limit of the battery is considered to correct the regenerative braking torque of the motor, the ratio of the regenerative braking force of the motor to the front axle braking force is designed according to different braking strengths, then the braking force distribution and braking energy recovery control strategies for regenerative braking and friction braking are developed. The simulation model of combined vehicle and energy recovery control strategy is established by Simulink and Cruise software. The braking energy recovery control strategy of this article is verified under different braking conditions and New European Driving Cycle conditions. The results show that the control strategy proposed in this article meets the requirements of braking stability. Under the condition of initial state of charge of 75%, the variation of state of charge of braking control strategy in this article is reduced by 8.22%, and the state of charge of braking strategy based on I curve reduces by 9.12%. The braking force distribution curves of the front and rear axle are in line with the braking characteristics, can effectively recover the braking energy, and improve the battery state of charge. Taking the using range of 95%–5% of battery state of charge as calculation target, the cruising range of vehicle with braking control strategy of this article increases to 136.64 km, which showed that the braking control strategy in this article could increase the cruising range of the electric vehicle.

scholarly journals Simulation Research on Regenerative Braking Control Strategy of Hybrid Electric Vehicle

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2202
Author(s):  
Cong Geng ◽  
Dawen Ning ◽  
Linfu Guo ◽  
Qicheng Xue ◽  
Shujian Mei
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Front Axle ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
Braking Control ◽  
Braking Energy Recovery

This paper proposes a double layered multi parameters braking energy recovery control strategy for Hybrid Electric Vehicle, which can combine the mechanical brake system with the motor brake system in the braking process to achieve higher energy utilization efficiency and at the same time ensure that the vehicle has sufficient braking performance and safety performance. The first layer of the control strategy proposed in this paper aims to improve the braking force distribution coefficient of the front axle. On the basis of following the principle of braking force distribution, the braking force of the front axle and the rear axle is reasonably distributed according to the braking strength. The second layer is to obtain the proportional coefficient of regenerative braking, considering the influence of vehicle speed, braking strength, and power battery state of charge (SOC) on the front axle mechanical braking force and motor braking force distribution, and a three-input single-output fuzzy controller is designed to realize the coordinated control of mechanical braking force and motor braking force of the front axle. Finally, the AMESim and Matlab/Simulink co-simulation model was built; the braking energy recovery control strategy proposed in this paper was simulated and analyzed based on standard cycle conditions (the NEDC and WLTC), and the simulation results were compared with regenerative braking control strategies A and B. The research results show that the braking energy recovery rate of the proposed control strategy is respectively 2.42%, 18.08% and 2.56%, 16.91% higher than that of the control strategies A and B, which significantly improves the energy recovery efficiency of the vehicle.

scholarly journals An Innovative Design of Decoupled Regenerative Braking System for Electric City Bus Based on Chinese Typical Urban Driving Cycle

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Yanfeng Xiong ◽  
Qiang Yu ◽  
Shengyu Yan ◽  
Xiaodong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
City Bus ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
Braking Energy Recovery

This paper proposes a novel decoupled approach of a regenerative braking system for an electric city bus, aiming at improving the utilization of the kinetic energy for rear axle during a braking process. Three contributions are added to distinguish from the previous research. Firstly, an energy-flow model of the electric bus is established to identify the characteristic parameters which affect the energy-saving efficiency of the vehicle, while the key parameters (e.g., driving cycles and the recovery rate of braking energy) are also analyzed. Secondly, a decoupled braking energy recovery scheme together with the control strategy is developed based on the characteristics of the power assistance for electric city bus which equips an air braking system, as well as the regulatory requirements of ECE R13. At last, the energy consumption of the electric city bus is analyzed by both the simulation and vehicle tests, when the superimposed and the decoupled regenerative braking system are, respectively, employed for the vehicle. The simulation and actual road test results show that compared with the superposition braking system of the basic vehicle, the decoupled braking energy recovery system after the reform can improve the braking energy recovery rate and vehicle energy-saving degree. The decoupled energy recovery system scheme and control strategy proposed in this paper can be adopted by bus factories to reduce the energy consumption of pure-electric buses.

Study on Regenerative Braking Control Strategy

2012 ◽  
Vol 588-589 ◽  
pp. 1484-1489
Author(s):  
Tian Li Wang ◽  
Chang Hong Chen ◽  
Qing Jie Zhao ◽  
Ying Xiao Yu
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
Braking Control ◽  
Distribution State ◽  
Avl Cruise ◽  
Braking Energy Recovery ◽  
The Ideal

Based on the analysis about the front and rear braking force distribution curve and the motor anti-drag braking characteristic, the Regenerative Braking Control Strategy which can maintain the capacity of the motor braking energy recovery and make the front and rear braking force distribution closer to the ideal distribution state is proposed. Create a control model. It is simulated by AVL-cruise. The results show that the new control strategies can improve the utilization of ground adhesion coefficient and braking stability.

scholarly journals Research on Regenerative Braking of Pure Electric Mining Dump Truck

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Jue Yang ◽  
Wenming Zhang ◽  
Fei Ma
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Dump Truck ◽  
Drive Cycle ◽  
The Road ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
Mining Dump Truck ◽  
Braking Energy Recovery

When the pure electric mining dump truck is working, it mainly ascends the slope at full load and descends the slope at no load. The loading state of the vehicle and the slope of the road will directly affect its axle load distribution and braking force distribution. In this paper, the slope dynamics analysis of the pure electric double-axle four-wheel drive mining dump truck was carried out. Based on the regenerative braking priority strategy, four regenerative braking control methods were developed based on the Matlab/Simulink platform and ADVISOR 2002 vehicle simulation software to study the ability of regenerative braking energy recovery and its impact on vehicle economic performance. The simulation results show that the regenerative braking priority control strategy used can maximize the regenerative braking force of the vehicle; the regenerative energy recovery capability of pure electric mining dump truck is proportional to the regenerative braking force that can be provided during braking; the two-axis braking strategy based on the I curve and the β line can make full use of the front and rear axle regenerative braking force when the braking intensity is large, and recover more braking energy; under road drive cycle, the single-axis braking force required to the braking strategy based on the maximized front axle braking force is the largest among all strategies, the motor braking efficiency is the highest, and the recovered braking energy is the most. For the studied drive cycle, the regenerative braking technology can reduce the vehicle energy consumption by 1.06%–1.56%. If appropriate measures are taken to improve the road surface condition and reduce the rolling resistance coefficient from f = 0.04 to f = 0.02, the regenerative braking technology can further reduce the vehicle energy consumption to 4.76%–5.73%. The economic performance of the vehicle is improved compared to no regenerative braking. In addition, the vehicle loading state and the driving motor working efficiency also directly affect the regenerative braking energy recovery capability of the pure electric mining truck.

A Variable Proportional Valve Braking Force Distribution Strategy Including SOC Constraints of Electric Vehicles

2014 ◽  
Vol 597 ◽  
pp. 525-530
Author(s):  
Hong Xia Yu ◽  
Zhen Yang Lin
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
Proportional Valve ◽  
Brake Force ◽  
Distribution Line ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
Brake Force Distribution

Braking force distribution plays an important role in energy recovery of electric vehicles. A new braking force distribution based on the variable proportional valve is proposed to solve the traditional proportional valve braking force distribution problem. By considering the safety brake force distribution area, the variable proportional valve friction braking force distribution line is optimized, the regenerative braking force equations are deduced using the optimized friction braking force distribution line at different braking intensity, then the regenerative braking force is corrected by considering mechanical characteristics of motor and SOC of battery constraints. Simulation results show that the proposed regenerative braking energy recovery has been significantly improved.

Research of Electric Vehicle Regenerative Braking Control Strategy Based on EHB System

2013 ◽  
Vol 724-725 ◽  
pp. 1436-1439
Author(s):  
Hong Yu Zheng ◽  
Rong He ◽  
Chang Fu Zong
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Rear Axle ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Distribution Method ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
Braking Control ◽  
Recovery Simulation ◽  
Braking Energy Recovery

In accordance with ECE-R-13 braking regulations limit line, a regenerative braking control strategy is proposed to improve the braking energy recovery. Based on a Electric Vehicle, the braking distribution method makes the front and rear axle braking force arbitrarily distributed which is more effective to improve the rate of energy recovery. Simulation results show that this braking force distribution method focuses on making the braking force distribute to the drive shaft to a maximum extent and can decrease the vehicle fuel consumption.

Simulation of a Regenerative Braking System Producing Controlled Braking Force

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 5729-5737
Author(s):  
Jiang Hong ◽  
De Wang Zhang ◽  
Guang Pin Wang ◽  
Ni Sui
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Super Capacitor ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Driving Range ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
Braking Control ◽  
Braking Energy Recovery

The pure electric vehicles (PEV) research is mainly focus on regenerative braking. How to improve the efficiency of battery power utilization and increase vehicles’ driving range is a crucial problem. Based on the analysis of braking feeling, super capacitor characteristics and the efficiency of regenerative braking energy recovery, the control strategy of regenerative braking system is firstly established, which has two objective functions. One is to control the regenerative braking force. The other is to improve the recovery efficiency of regenerative braking energy. Then, the main operating mode of regenerative braking system is presented. On this basis, regenerative braking controller that is based on DC-DC controller is designed and implemented in simulink software. The results show that the regenerative braking control strategy can effectively control the regenerative braking force during braking and increase driving range of electric vehicles

scholarly journals Energy Recovery Potential in Industrial and Municipal Wastewater Networks Using Micro-Hydropower in Spain

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 691
Author(s):  
Aida Mérida García ◽  
Juan Antonio Rodríguez Díaz ◽  
Jorge García Morillo ◽  
Aonghus McNabola
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Recovery Potential

The use of micro-hydropower (MHP) for energy recovery in water distribution networks is becoming increasingly widespread. The incorporation of this technology, which offers low-cost solutions, allows for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions linked to energy consumption. In this work, the MHP energy recovery potential in Spain from all available wastewater discharges, both municipal and private industrial, was assessed, based on discharge licenses. From a total of 16,778 licenses, less than 1% of the sites presented an MHP potential higher than 2 kW, with a total power potential between 3.31 and 3.54 MW. This total was distributed between industry, fish farms and municipal wastewater treatment plants following the proportion 51–54%, 14–13% and 35–33%, respectively. The total energy production estimated reached 29 GWh∙year−1, from which 80% corresponded to sites with power potential over 15 kW. Energy-related industries, not included in previous investigations, amounted to 45% of the total energy potential for Spain, a finding which could greatly influence MHP potential estimates across the world. The estimated energy production represented a potential CO2 emission savings of around 11 thousand tonnes, with a corresponding reduction between M€ 2.11 and M€ 4.24 in the total energy consumption in the country.

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