Study on Rheological Properties of Polylactic Acid Retardant System

2014 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 293-296
Author(s):  
Dong Ze Li ◽  
Xiao Chuan Jia ◽  
Xiu Ping Lu ◽  
Sheng Jia Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Complex Viscosity ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardant ◽  
Melt Flow ◽  
Melt Flow Rate ◽  
Scanning Frequency

A series of polylactic acid (PLA)/IFR composites was prepared by melt blending method.Capillary rheometer and rotary rheometer were applied to investigate the effects of and flame retardants on rheological properties. The results of the rheological test show that the melt flow rate increases with the increasing of content of Intumescent flame retardant. Intumescent flame retardant joined making PLA system flow rate is larger than pure PLA, melt flow rate increases, apparent viscosity decreases, relaxation time decreases, and the complex viscosity decreases gradually with the increase of scanning frequency.

Preparation and Characterization of Polylactic Acid/Acetate Starch Blends with Tetrabutyl Titanate

2011 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 1750-1755
Author(s):  
Jin Zhou Chen ◽  
Zhen Gao ◽  
Peng Ping Xie ◽  
Kai Guo ◽  
Ming Jun Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Tetrabutyl Titanate ◽  
Melt Flow ◽  
Melt Flow Rate ◽  
Triethyl Citrate ◽  
Starch Blends ◽  
The Cost

In order to reduce the cost of the polylactic acid (PLLA) material and to improve its flexibility to expand the application of PLA-based plastic, a series of PLLA/SA blends with tetrabutyl titanate (Ti(OBu)4) used as compatibilizer were prepared in the presence of 10% triethyl citrate (TEC) as plasticizer. It was investigated the effect of the compatibilizer and its content on the mechanical properties, structure and morphologies, heat-resistant performance, melt flow rate, and water-resistant performance and other implications of blends. The results showed that: adding the compatibilizer Ti(OBu)4 could significantly improve the compatibility of PLLA and SA, the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the blends were increased, while melt flow rate and water absorption were decreased. When the content of compatibilizer Ti(OBu)4 was 8 wt%, PLA/SA blends(75/25 wt%) had the best overall performance.

scholarly journals Mechanically Robust and Flame-Retardant Polylactide Composites Based on In Situ Formation of Crosslinked Network Structure by DCP and TAIC

Polymers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Yajun Chen ◽  
Xingde Wu ◽  
Mengqi Li ◽  
Lijun Qian ◽  
Hongfu Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Crosslinking Reaction ◽  
Melt Flow ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Melt Flow Rate ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Gel Content

The addition of intumescent flame retardant to PLA can greatly improve the flame retardancy of the material and inhibit the dripping, but the major drawback is the adverse impact of the mechanical properties of the material. In this study, we found that the flame retardant and mechanical properties of the materials can be improved simultaneously by constructing a cross-linked structure. Firstly, a cross-linking flame-retardant PLA structure was designed by adding 0.9 wt% DCP and 0.3 wt% TAIC. After that, different characterization methods including torque, melt flow rate, molecular weight and gel content were used to clarify the formation of crosslinking structures. Results showed that the torque of 0.9DCP/0.3TAIC/FRPLA increased by 307% and the melt flow rate decreased by 77.8%. The gel content of 0.9DCP/0.3TAIC/FRPLA was 30.8%, indicating the formation of cross-linked structures. Then, the mechanical properties and flame retardant performance were studied. Results showed that, compared with FRPLA, the tensile strength, elongation at break and impact strength of 0.9DCP/0.3TAIC/FRPLA increased by 34.8%, 82.6% and 42.9%, respectively. The flame retardancy test results showed that 0.9DCP/0.3TAIC/FRPLA had a very high LOI (the limiting oxygen index) value of 39.2% and passed the UL94 V-0 level without dripping. Finally, the crosslinking reaction mechanism, flame retardant mechanism and the reasons for the improvement of mechanical properties were studied and described.

Investigation of the Properties of Polyetheretherketone Blends and Carbon-Filled Composites Based on them

2021 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 426-433
Author(s):  
Azamat L. Slonov ◽  
Ismel V. Musov ◽  
Elena V. Rzhevskaya ◽  
Khasan V. Musov ◽  
Aslanbek F. Tlupov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Additivity Rule ◽  
Melt Flow ◽  
Melt Flow Rate

The study of the properties of PEEK blends with different melt flow rate (MFR) and carbon-filled composites based on them was carried out. It was found that with an increase in the relative difference in the MFR of the blended PEEKs, there is an increase in the deviation of the experimental MFR values from the additive ones. Up to a relative difference in the MFR of the components equal to 60%, the blends obey the additivity rule. It is shown that the achievement of a certain MFR value by blending polymers with different viscosities leads to the production of materials with similar properties. Carbon-filled composites based on PEEK blends also demonstrate very similar rheological, mechanical and thermal properties, which indicates the effectiveness of the method of blending PEEKs with different viscosities to achieve the required rheological properties.

scholarly journals Effect of thermal degradation on rheological properties of polymeric materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 299 ◽  
pp. 06001
Author(s):  
Jozef Dobránsky ◽  
Zigmund Doboš
Keyword(s):  
Shear Rate ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Melt Flow ◽  
Molding Machine ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Melt Flow Rate

The aim of this paper is to monitor the melt volume index of thermoplastic materials and other rheological properties such as shear rate and viscosity. The aim is to compare and assess whether several times ground and subsequently re-melted samples of pure polymer granulate will have the same or similar rheology properties and whether adjustment of the injection molding machine will be required or willneed to reduce or increase production times. Thermo Scientific with HAAKE Meltflow MT software was used to determine the melt flow rate index (MVR) of thermoplastic materials. Based on the melt flow rate (MVR), shear rate and viscosity evaluation, it has been found that, although the selected materials have undergone multiple changes in the rheology of the polymeric materials, there is no problem in the molding process, and MVR does not change significantly. In this case, no changes in the settings of theinjection molding machines and reduction or increase in production times will be necessary. When re-melting the granulate samples, no excess waste was generated, which would then need to be disposed of and the samples could be re-used for further measurement after grinding.

scholarly journals Polylactic acid-based wood-plastic 3D printing composite and its properties

BioResources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 8484-8498
Author(s):  
Lingxiao Liu ◽  
Maohai Lin ◽  
Zhang Xu ◽  
Meiqi Lin
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Melt Flow ◽  
Plant Fiber ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Melt Flow Rate

Wood-plastic composites for 3D printing from plant fiber (bleached pulp powder, mechanical pulp powder, newspaper pulp powder, eucalyptus powder, pine powder, and lignin) and polylactic acid (PLA), with silane coupling agent (KH550) as plasticizer, were prepared via melt extrusion. The physical properties, such as surface morphology, apparent density, tensile strength, melt flow rate, compatibility, and thermal stability were measured. Moreover, the effects of the content of various types of plant fiber powder in PLA on the properties of the prepared composites were investigated. The results showed that the modified lignin/PLA composite exhibited a superior performance under the same added amount. In particular, when the amount of lignin added was 15%, the tensile strength of the composite was 74.0% higher than that of pure PLA, and the melt flow rate was reduced by 17.8% compared with pure PLA. The density of the composite increased 15.8% compared with pure PLA when the lignin content was 20%. The scanning electron microscopy cross-sectional morphology and differential scanning calorimetry analyses showed that the optimal addition amount of lignin was 15%. Finally, the prepared lignin/PLA composite material was used in 3D printing with a smooth silky property and an excellent printing performance.

Effect of Powder Properties such as Particle Size, Density and Melt Flow Rate on the Properties of Flame Sprayed PE Coating

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Rajamäki ◽  
M. Leino ◽  
P. Vuoristo ◽  
P. Järvelä ◽  
T. Mäntylä
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Melt Flow ◽  
Melt Flow Rate ◽  
Powder Properties

Abstract Three different types of polyethylene powders were flame sprayed onto pre-heated steel substrate previously coated by electrostatic spray system with a thin epoxy primer layer. Properties of the polyethylene (PE) powders, including powder density, particle size and melt flow rate (MFR) were measured in order to study their influence on the mechanical properties of the coating. The spray experiments started with optimization of spraying parameters. The main variables were pre-heating temperature of the substrate, temperature increase during spraying (influenced by the spraying distance), and thickness of the PE coatings. The laboratory tests performed for the coatings were coating characterization by microscopy and mechanical testing. Porosity and thickness of the coatings were determined by optical and stereo microscopy studies from polished cross-sectional samples. Hardness, impact strength, peel strength, and adhesive strength of the coatings were also investigated. Also some hot water sinking and heat cycling tests were performed. As a result from the present studies it can be concluded that powder properties have great influence on the mechanical properties of the final coating.

Effect of Different Molecular Weight of PEG on the Crystallization Behaviors of Binary Polymer Blends PLA/TPS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1035 ◽  
pp. 918-924
Author(s):  
Teng Zhang ◽  
Su Mei Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Crystallization Rate ◽  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Melt Flow Rate ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Different Molecular Weight

Serial poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and thermoplastic starch (TPS) blends (with a fixed content of 20 wt.% TPS) were prepared by melt extrusion process. The effect of different molecular weight of PEG on the thermal and rheological properties of PLA/TPS blends was studied by the melt flow rate (MFR) and DSC analysis. The results showed that the molecular weight of PEG influenced the miscibility and crystallization behavior of PLA/TPS blends. Blend added with PEG400 showed a single Tg, and blends with PEG600 provided remarkable improvement of rheological properties with an increase in flow rate to 49.02 g/10 min. 4% content of poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) can positively contribute to improve crystallization rate of PLA by reducing the melting temperature and cold crystallization temperature.

Synthesis and Application of a Novel Intumescent Flame Retardant Containing Ferrocenyl

2014 ◽  
Vol 1033-1034 ◽  
pp. 931-936
Author(s):  
Cong Yan Chen ◽  
Rui Lan Fan ◽  
Guan Qun Yun
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardant ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Phosphate Groups

A novel intumescent flame retardant (IFR) containing ferrocene and caged bicyclic phosphate groups, 1-oxo-4-[4'-(ferrocene carboxylic acid phenyl ester)] amide-2, 6, 7-trioxa-1-phosphabicyclo- [2.2.2] octane (PFAM), was successfully synthesized. The synthesized PFAM were added to flammable polyurethane (PU) as flame retardants and smoke suppressants. The structure of PFAM was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and elemental analysis. Thermal stability of PFAM was tested by themogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results revealed that PFAM had good thermal stability and high char weight, the char weight up to 54% at 600 °C. Flammability properties of PU/PFAM composites were investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI) test and UL-94 test, respectively. The results of LOI tests showed that the addition of PFAM enhanced flame retardancy of PU. When the content of PFAM reaches to 3%, the LOI value is 22.2. The morphologies of the char for PU and PU/3% PFAM composite can be obtained after LOI testing were examined by SEM. The results demonstrated that PFAM could promote to form the compact and dense intumescent char layer. Experiments showed that, the PFAM application of polyurethane showed positive effect.

scholarly journals Polyethylene-Matrix Composites with Halloysite Nanotubes with Enhanced Physical/Thermal Properties

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz W. Sikora ◽  
Ivan Gajdoš ◽  
Andrzej Puszka
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Softening Temperature ◽  
Halloysite Nanotubes ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Melt Flow ◽  
Polyethylene Matrix ◽  
Melt Flow Rate ◽  
Heat Deflection Temperature

The aim of the present work is to investigate the effect of halloysite nanotubes (HNT) on the mechanical properties of low-density polyethylene composites modified by maleic anhydride-grafted PE (PE-graft-MA). Polyethylene nanocomposites were prepared using an injection molding machine, Arburg Allrounder 320 C 500–170; the HNT content was varied at 0 wt %, 2 wt %, 4 wt % and 6 wt %, and the PE-graft-MA content was varied at 5 wt %. The composites were examined for their ultimate tensile stress, strain at ultimate stress, hardness, impact strength, melt flow rate, heat deflection temperature, Vicat softening temperature, crystallinity degree and phase transition temperature. It was found that the addition of halloysite nanotubes to low-density polyethylene (LDPE) led to an increased heat deflection temperature (HDT, up to 47 °C) and ultimate tensile strength (up to 16.00 MPa) while the Vicat softening temperature, strain at ultimate stress, impact strength and hardness of examined specimens slightly decreased. Processing properties of the materials specified by the melt flow rate (MFR) deteriorated almost twice. The results have demonstrated that the nanoparticles can reinforce enhance LDPE at low filler content without any considerable loss of its ductility, but only when halloysite nanotubes are superbly distributed in the polyethylene matrix.

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