Mechanism of Fishy Odor Compounds Metabolized by Algae

Fishy odor, part of the taste and odor existing in the drinking water, often cause people to reflect poor water quality, and even lead to social panic. The typical fishy compounds are primarily amines and polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs), which are widely found in surface water, particularly during the algae blooms. The properties of the small molecular weight, low odor threshold and difficult removing, have received a great concern in the field of environment protection. Because of their environmental hazards, the source, physical-chemical properties, genotoxicity and generation mechanism of the fishy compounds were introduced in this paper in order to remove the compounds by controlling the precursors and generation pathway. The results show that amines are produced by the nitrogenous compounds in catalysis of microorganisms and enzymes, while PUAs are produced by polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The algal cells cleavage is a key factor of producing fishy odor.

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Removal of Algae, and Taste and Odor Compounds by a Combination of Plant-Mineral Composite (PMC) Coagulant with UV-AOPs: Laboratory and Pilot Scale Studies

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app8091502 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 1502 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yirga Abrha ◽

Homin Kye ◽

Minhwan Kwon ◽

Doorae Lee ◽

Kiho Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Removal Efficiency ◽

Ph Effect ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Algae Blooms ◽

Coagulation Process ◽

Taste And Odor ◽

Dissolved Organic Matters ◽

Odor Compounds ◽

Scale Test ◽

Uv Transmittance

The seasonal occurrence of algae blooms in surface waters remains a common problem, such as taste and odor (T&Os), the risk of disinfection by-products (DBPs), and disturbance to water treatment systems. The coagulation efficiency of plant-mineral composite (PMC) coagulant followed by UV-based advanced oxidation processes (UV-AOPs; UV/H2O2 and UV/Cl2) was evaluated for removal of algae, turbidity, dissolved organic matters, and taste and odor compounds in lab-scale and pilot-scale tests. In the lab-scale test, coagulation process with 20 mg/L of PMC shows high removal efficiency of turbidity (94%) and algae (99%) and moderate removal efficiency of UV254 (51%) and geosmin (46%). The pilot test results also show good removal efficiency of turbidity (64%), chlorophyll-a (96%). After PMC coagulation process, the major water factors, which affected the performance of UV-AOPs (i.e., UV transmittance (85–94%), and scavenging factor (64,998–28,516 s−1)), were notably improved, and further degradation of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) was achieved in both lab-and pilot-scale tests of the UV-AOPs. The UV/H2O2 process shows higher removal efficiency of geosmin and 2-MIB than the UV/Cl2 process because of the pH effect. The results confirmed that the PMC-based coagulation followed by UV/H2O2 process could be an effective process for the removal of algae, geosmin, and 2-MIB.

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Capacity of myofibrillar protein to adsorb characteristic fishy-odor compounds: Effects of concentration, temperature, ionic strength, pH and yeast glucan addition

Food Chemistry ◽

10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130304 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 130304

Author(s):

Chao Xue ◽

Juan You ◽

Huimin Zhang ◽

Shanbai Xiong ◽

Tao Yin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ionic Strength ◽

Myofibrillar Protein ◽

Fishy Odor ◽

Odor Compounds

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Syngas Quality as a Key Factor in the Design of an Energy-Efficient Pyrolysis Plant for Scrap Tyres

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2231455 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (23) ◽

pp. 1455 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Dina Czajczyńska ◽

Renata Krzyżyńska ◽

Hussam Jouhara

Keyword(s):

Energy Demand ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Industrial Emissions ◽

Whole Process ◽

Start Up ◽

Key Factor ◽

Industrial Emissions Directive ◽

Pyrolytic Oil ◽

Quality Of Products

In 2016 4.94 million tonnes of tyres were produced. Each tyre eventually become waste and pyrolysis has been considered an effective way of utilizing scrap tyres for several decades. However, pyrolysis has failed many times because the process has a great energy demand and the quality of products is unstable or insufficient for commercial use. Usually plants are focused on the production of pyrolytic oil or char and the gaseous phase is only a by-product. In this paper the importance of composition and quality of pyrolytic gas is emphasized. The main chemical properties make this gas a valuable biofuel that may satisfy energy requirements of the whole process (except for the start-up phase). Available data from literature concerning composition and other features of the pyrolytic gas from scrap tyres obtained at temperatures up to 1000 °C are compared with experimental results. The quality of evolved gases is discussed in the context of the Industrial Emissions Directive (IED), too. Finally, an analysis of the mass balances obtained allows a decision about the business profile and profitability.

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Ag/CeO2 Composites for Catalytic Abatement of CO, Soot and VOCs

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal8070285 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 285 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

M. Grabchenko ◽

N. Mikheeva ◽

G. Mamontov ◽

M. Salaev ◽

L. Liotta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Noble Metals ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Soot Oxidation ◽

Catalytic Performance ◽

Defective Structure ◽

Metal Support Interaction ◽

Key Factor ◽

Metal Support ◽

Vocs Abatement

Nowadays catalytic technologies are widely used to purify indoor and outdoor air from harmful compounds. Recently, Ag–CeO2 composites have found various applications in catalysis due to distinctive physical-chemical properties and relatively low costs as compared to those based on other noble metals. Currently, metal–support interaction is considered the key factor that determines high catalytic performance of silver–ceria composites. Despite thorough investigations, several questions remain debating. Among such issues, there are (1) morphology and size effects of both Ag and CeO2 particles, including their defective structure, (2) chemical and charge state of silver, (3) charge transfer between silver and ceria, (4) role of oxygen vacancies, (5) reducibility of support and the catalyst on the basis thereof. In this review, we consider recent advances and trends on the role of silver–ceria interactions in catalytic performance of Ag/CeO2 composites in low-temperature CO oxidation, soot oxidation, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) abatement. Promising photo- and electrocatalytic applications of Ag/CeO2 composites are also discussed.

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Distributions of four taste and odor compounds in the sediment and overlying water at different ecology environment in Taihu Lake

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-018-24564-z ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Heyong Huang ◽

Xiaoguang Xu ◽

Xiansheng Liu ◽

Ruiming Han ◽

Jine Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Taihu Lake ◽

Overlying Water ◽

Taste And Odor ◽

Odor Compounds

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The Effects of Upholstery Fabric Properties on Fabric Ignitabilities by Smoldering Cigarettes. II

Journal of Fire Sciences ◽

10.1177/073490419501300603 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 445-471 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Leslie S. Lewis ◽

Michael J. Morton ◽

Vello Norman ◽

Arthur M. Ihrig ◽

A.L. Rhyne

Keyword(s):

Chemical Properties ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Key Factor ◽

Residential Use ◽

Fabric Weight ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Incomplete Picture ◽

Ignition Propensity ◽

Cigarette Design ◽

And Chemical Properties

Upholstery fabrics for residential use were obtained from various fabric shops and manufacturers' catalogs. Screening was conducted with four experimental cigarettes of varying design. By the National Institute of Stan dards and Technology (NIST) cotton duck mockup method, two of the cigarettes display "low" ignition propensity and two show "high" ignition propensity. Of the fabrics obtained for this study, 316 smoldered when in contact with at least one of the experimental cigarettes. Further examination within this set of upholstery fabrics showed once again that cigarette ignition propensity rank ing are dependent on fabric characteristics. The number of fabrics that showed ignition propensity rankings opposite to the NIST test "ranking" was similar to the number that agreed with it. That is, on the fabrics with rankings opposite to the NIST ranking, cigarettes of "low" ignition propensity by the NIST test showed more ignitions than cigarettes of "high" ignition propensity by the NIST test. These results are consistent with those of a previously published study with a smaller set of ignitable fabrics. Fabric weight was a key factor in determining fabric ignition behavior; two of the cigarettes showed increasing ignition propensity and two showed decreasing ignition propensity with fabric weight. For the majority of fabrics, however, cigarette design was unimportant in determining ignition behavior; that is, no differences in ignition behavior were observed with the different cigarette designs. The physical and chemical properties of the cotton duck fabrics of the NIST test are such that they repre sent only a fraction of the ignition behaviors observed with "real-world" upholstery fabrics. The NIST test, therefore, provides an incomplete picture and can be misleading in defining "low" ignition propensity.

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