Pressure Measurement of Non-Ideal Detonation in Ammonium Nitrate Based High Energetic Material

2014 ◽  
Vol 566 ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuuki Yamamoto ◽  
Shiro Kubota ◽  
Tei Saburi ◽  
Yuji Wada ◽  
Atsumi Miyake
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Detonation Velocity ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Energetic Material ◽  
Pressure Gauge ◽  
Steel Tube ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Detonation Pressure ◽  
Tube Test ◽  
Detonation Velocity And Pressure

In order to know accurate information on the non-ideal detonation pressure, steel tube test was carried out on ammonium nitrate (AN) and activated carbon (AC) mixtures. In this test, detonation velocity and pressure were measured simultaneously by varying thickness of PMMA placed between AN/AC and pressure gauge. The length and the diameter of the steel tube were 350 mm and 35.5 mm. The results showed that shock pressure attenuation in PMMA was not observed for this experimental condition (PMMA gap; 3-5 mm). The averaged measured peak pressure and detonation velocity were 3.4 GPa and 3.2 km/s.

Detonation Velocity and Pressure of Ammonium Nitrate and Activated Carbon Mixtures

2007 ◽  
Vol 566 ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsumi Miyake ◽  
Hiroshi Echigoya ◽  
Hidefumi Kobayashi ◽  
Katsumi Katoh ◽  
Shiro Kubota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Detonation Velocity ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Stoichiometric Composition ◽  
Pressure Profile ◽  
Steel Tube ◽  
Detonation Properties ◽  
Detonation Velocity And Pressure ◽  
Predicted Values

To obtain a better understanding of detonation properties of ammonium nitrate (AN) and activated carbon (AC) mixtures, steel tube test was carried out for stoichiometric composition of powdered AN and AC mixtures and the detonation velocity and the pressure profile were measured. Based on the results obtained the relation between the detonation velocity and the peak pressure was discussed with the theoretically predicted values which were obtained by the thermohydrodynamic CHEETAH code with the BKWC equation of state. The measured detonation velocity and peak pressure were far below the theoretically predicted values and the non-ideal detonation behaviour was confirmed.

Diameter Effect on Detonation Velocity of Ammonium Nitrate and Activated Carbon Mixtures

2007 ◽  
Vol 566 ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsumi Miyake ◽  
Hidefumi Kobayashi ◽  
Hiroshi Echigoya ◽  
Katsumi Katoh ◽  
Shiro Kubota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Detonation Velocity ◽  
Stoichiometric Composition ◽  
Steel Tube ◽  
Detonation Properties ◽  
Charge Diameter ◽  
Tube Test ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Good Agreement

To obtain a better understanding of detonation properties of ammonium nitrate (AN) and activated carbon (AC) mixtures, steel tube test with several diameters was carried out for various compositions of powdered AN and AC mixtures and the influence of the charge diameter on the detonation velocity was investigated. The results of test indicated that the detonation velocity increased with the increase of the charge diameter. The experimentally observed values were far below the theoretically predicted values made by the thermohydrodynamic CHEETAH code and they showed so-called non-ideal detonation. The extrapolated detonation velocity of stoichiometric composition to the infinite diameter showed a good agreement with the theoretical value.

Detonation Velocity and Pressure of Ammonium Nitrate and Activated Carbon Mixtures

2007 ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Atsumi Miyake ◽  
Hiroshi Echigoya ◽  
Hidefumi Kobayashi ◽  
Katsumi Katoh ◽  
Shiro Kubota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Detonation Velocity ◽  
Detonation Velocity And Pressure

NON-IDEAL DETONATION PROPERTIES OF AMMONIUM NITRATE AND ACTIVATED CARBON MIXTURES

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (09n11) ◽  
pp. 1319-1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
ATSUMI MIYAKE ◽  
HIROSHI ECHIGOYA ◽  
HIDEFUMI KOBAYASHI ◽  
TERUSHIGE OGAWA ◽  
KATSUMI KATOH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Detonation Velocity ◽  
Stoichiometric Composition ◽  
Steel Tube ◽  
Detonation Properties ◽  
Charge Diameter ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Good Agreement

To obtain a better understanding of detonation properties of ammonium nitrate (AN) and activated carbon (AC) mixtures, steel tube tests with several diameters were carried out for various compositions of powdered AN and AC mixtures and the influence of the charge diameter on the detonation velocity was investigated. The results showed that the detonation velocity increased with the increase of the charge diameter. The experimentally observed values were far below the theoretically predicted values made by the thermodynamic CHEETAH code and they showed so-called non-ideal detonation. The extrapolated detonation velocity of stoichiometric composition to the infinite diameter showed a good agreement with the theoretical value.

The Performance of Pressure Vessel Using Concentric Double Cylindrical High Explosive

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toru Hamada ◽  
Yuichi Nakamura ◽  
Kenji Murata ◽  
Yukio Kato ◽  
Shigeru Itoh
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Detonation Velocity ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
High Explosive ◽  
Detonation Pressure ◽  
Flyer Plate ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
High Explosives ◽  
Detonation Velocity And Pressure ◽  
Manganin Gauge

In recent year, it has been hoped to develop a device that generate high pressure in the field of the material consolidation. Therefore a phenomenon of over driven detonation (O.D.D.) [1] that was one of the detonation phenomenons has been researched. The detonation velocity and pressure that is higher than Chapman-Jouguet state generate in the state of O.D.D.. But, in the method of using the flyer plate that has been investigated, it is difficult to apply to the material consolidation since the region where O.D.D. phenomenon generates is very small. Therefore, as a new method of effectively generating O.D.D., the method of combining two kinds of the high explosives was developed. This method is a technique that is generated O.D.D. in the low velocity explosive by making a double cylindrical explosive of the high velocity explosive and low velocity explosive. The detonation pressure of low velocity explosive in a double cylinder was measured by Manganin gauge. The detonation pressure was 2.0 times over higher than the Chapman-Jouguet pressure.

scholarly journals Energetic Windmill: Computational insight into planar guanidine-based nitroazole-substituted compounds as energetic materials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingru Li ◽  
Zujia Lu ◽  
Bokun Li ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
Jiaxuan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detonation Velocity ◽  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Energetic Material ◽  
Molecular Surface ◽  
Frontier Molecular Orbital ◽  
Detonation Pressure ◽  
Planar Structures ◽  
New Type ◽  
Thermochemical Parameters

In this work, we designed a series of energetic materials with a windmill-like structure based on guanidine and nitroazole, and optimized them at the B3LYP/6-311G** level using density functional theory (DFT). According to the optimization results, 6 molecules with planar structures were screened out from 28 molecules and their regularities were summarized. We calculated their geometry, natural bond orbital (NBO) charge, frontier molecular orbital, molecular surface electrostatic potential, and thermochemical parameters. In addition, their properties such as density, enthalpy of formation, detonation velocity, detonation pressure and impact sensitivity are also predicted. The result shows that this series of compounds is a promising new type of energetic material, especially compound 1 has superior detonation velocity and detonation pressure (D=9720m/s, P=41.9GPa).

scholarly journals Estimation of Influence of Explosive Characteristics of Emulsion Explosives on Shotpile Width

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Victor Sinitsyn ◽  
Pavel Menshikov ◽  
Vyacheslav Kutuev
Keyword(s):  
Detonation Velocity ◽  
Dynamic Compression ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Head Part ◽  
Detonation Pressure ◽  
Emulsion Explosives ◽  
Clastic Rocks ◽  
Total Magnitude ◽  
Efficient Type ◽  
Points Of View

The article deals with the question of the effect of explosive characteristics of emulsion explosives on the shotpile width. Currently, there are two main points of view to select an efficient type of explosive, which contributes to the qualitative destruction (fragmentation) of coarse clastic rocks. The first is based on the assumption that the detonation velocity of explosives must correspond to the break-down point of the rock (dynamic compression). Another point of view is that the detonation pressure of explosives determines only the head part of the pulse, on which the rock fragmentation is dependent only near the charge, in the contact zone around the borehole. The fragmentation of the entire rock volume within a given borehole array depends on the total magnitude of the explosion pulse, determined not by the detonation velocity, but by the total energy reserve of the explosive charge. Experimental explosions with some of the most common industrial explosives have been carried out in the current conditions of blasting of borehole charges by various types of industrial explosives from the point of view to select the most important parameter, which determines its influence on the shotpile width The investigations have been carried out according to the data obtained to establish that the energy properties of explosives (heat of explosive transformation and density of explosives) determine the decisive influence on the shotpile width, and the operability, the volume of the released gases, the detonation velocity for the change in the shotpile width have very little effect and may not be taken into account in calculations for the prediction of the shotpile.

Crystal structure, thermodynamic properties and detonation characterization of bis(5-amino-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methane

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongya Li ◽  
Biao Yan ◽  
Haixia Ma ◽  
Zhiyong Sun ◽  
Yajun Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Detonation Velocity ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Detonation Pressure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Equivalent Equation ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Experimental Density

Bis(5-amino-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methane (BATZM, C5H8N8) was synthesized and its crystal structure characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction; it belongs to the space group Fdd2 (orthorhombic) with Z = 8. The structure of BATZM can be described as a V-shaped molecule with reasonable chemical geometry and no disorder. The specific molar heat capacity (Cp,m ) of BATZM was determined using the continuous Cp mode of a microcalorimeter and theoretical calculations, and the Cp,m value is 211.19 J K−1 mol−1 at 298.15 K. The relative deviations between the theoretical and experimental values of Cp,m , HT – H 298.15K and ST – S 298.15K of BATZM are almost equivalent at each temperature. The detonation velocity (D) and detonation pressure (P) of BATZM were estimated using the nitrogen equivalent equation according to the experimental density; BATZM has a higher detonation velocity (7954.87 ± 3.29 m s−1) and detonation pressure (25.72 ± 0.03 GPa) than TNT.

Synthesis, characterization and properties of a novel energetic ionic salt: dicarbohydrazide bis[3-(5-nitroimino-1,2,4-triazole)]

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (16) ◽  
pp. 6422-6428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianrong Ren ◽  
Dong Chen ◽  
Guijuan Fan ◽  
Ying Xiong ◽  
Zhenqi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Detonation Velocity ◽  
Detonation Pressure ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Ionic Salt ◽  
Impact Sensitivities

DCBNT, a new compound, exhibits low friction and impact sensitivities, good thermal stability, and promising detonation pressure and detonation velocity.

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