Average Damage Ratio and Earthquake Damage Matrix of Non-Engineered Building in Seismogenic Provincial Regions in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 580-583 ◽  
pp. 1667-1675
Author(s):  
Jue Hui Xing ◽  
Ming Lu ◽  
Ya Min Zhao ◽  
Yan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Earthquake Damage ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Seismic Capacity ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
Disaster Loss ◽  
Damage Data ◽  
Building Characteristics ◽  
Average Damage

Non-engineered buildings are most of self-built house, which locate in rural area in China. The structural defect of non-engineered buildings could reduce seismic capacity. The damage of these buildings are the main cause of earthquakes casualties and economic losses. The main types of the building structures include the wooden house, soil and wood house, brick and wood house and masonry house. It is the seismogenic provincial regions for Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu and Yunnan in China. Based on the four type houses in the four regions, 104 earthquake disaster loss reports were selected from 1990 and 2013. This article focused on the analysis of house damage data. This article proposes "the average damage ratio" concept, which takes one provincial region as an area and studies the whole area data. Due to a combination of multiple and differenteffects of earthquakes within one provincial region, the average damage ratio can be on behalf of the damage ratio, and reflects the non-engineered building characteristics in the provincial region. And then the article demonstrates that the earthquake damage matrix of different house types in these four provinces area. The earthquake damage matrix provides a more reliable basis for the earthquake disaster evaluation in rural area.

Further Study of Average Damage Ratio and Seismic Capacity Comparing of Non-Engineered Building in Seismogenic Zone Provinces in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 638-640 ◽  
pp. 1803-1810
Author(s):  
Ming Lu ◽  
Jue Hui Xing ◽  
Yan Yu ◽  
Ya Min Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Economic Loss ◽  
Brick Masonry ◽  
Seismogenic Zone ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Seismic Capacity ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
Capacity Evaluation ◽  
The World ◽  
Damage Data ◽  
Average Damage

China is one of the countries with the most serious earthquake disaster in the world. Buildings damaged and collapsed caused by earthquakes are the main reason of the economic loss and casualties. Most of non-engineered buildings are self-built houses, which occupy a considerable proportion in damaged buildings during earthquakes. It is significant to statistic and to analyze these house damage data in former earthquakes for the seismic capacity evaluation of the non-engineered buildings. The main types of non-engineered buildings are wood house, earth and wood house, brick and wood house, and brick masonry house. It is the seismogenic zone provinces for Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu and Yunnan in China. Based on the four type houses in the four provincial regions. The article focused on the 105 reports of earthquake disaster selected from 1990 and 2013. And then the article demonstrated that the average damage ratio of different house types in these four provincial regions. Through the comparing of the average damage ratio of the same house types in the four regions, it is clearly to understanding the seismic capacity of these types of non-engineered buildings in the different regions.

Earthquake Damage Forms of Multi-Story Brick Masonry Structure and their Mechanical Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 1408-1411
Author(s):  
Hong Biao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mechanism ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Seismic Damage ◽  
Masonry Structure ◽  
Brick Masonry ◽  
Earthquake Damage ◽  
Seismic Capacity ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
Damage Characteristics ◽  
Important Significance

In order to know seismic damage characteristics of multi-story brick masonry structure and improve its seismic capability, five kinds of earthquake damage or collapse forms of multi-story masonry brick structure are summed up based on earthquake disaster survey, each of which is analyzed with mechanics. And the failure mechanism of each seismic damage form of multi-story brick masonry structure are proposed, which provides effective engineering experience for the seismic or anti-collapse design of multi-story masonry brick structure. The research has the important significance in improving the seismic capacity of multi-story brick masonry structure and reducing the earthquake casualties.

Earthquake Damage Prediction System of Buildings Group Based on Damage Factors Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 341-342 ◽  
pp. 1496-1499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Huang ◽  
Lei Zhao ◽  
Pan Li
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Earthquake Damage ◽  
Prediction System ◽  
Disaster Prevention ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
Damage Prediction ◽  
Disaster Loss ◽  
Disaster Prediction

In view of our country needs to improve the ability of city earthquake disaster prevention, the paper proposes the earthquake damage prediction method of buildings group based on damage factors method. The system establishes the earthquake damage prediction of spatial database. Based on the earthquake damage factors method and the application of the GIS spatial analysis model, we predict earthquake disaster loss of city buildings and realized the Langfang city earthquake disaster prediction system. The realization of this system provides strong technical support for improving the ability of Langfang earthquake disaster prevention.

scholarly journals Fragility estimation for global building classes using analysis of the Cambridge earthquake damage database (CEQID)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Spence ◽  
Sandra Martínez-Cuevas ◽  
Hannah Baker
Keyword(s):  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Earthquake Damage ◽  
Ground Acceleration ◽  
Damage Level ◽  
Ground Motion Parameter ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Concrete Building ◽  
Damage Data ◽  
Regional Comparisons

AbstractThis paper describes CEQID, a database of earthquake damage and casualty data assembled since the 1980s based on post-earthquake damage surveys conducted by a range of research groups. Following 2017–2019 updates, the database contains damage data for more than five million individual buildings in over 1000 survey locations following 79 severely damaging earthquakes worldwide. The building damage data for five broadly defined masonry and reinforced concrete building classes has been assembled and a uniform set of six damage levels assigned. Using estimated peak ground acceleration (PGA) for each survey location based on USGS Shakemap data, a set of lognormal fragility curves has been developed to estimate the probability of exceedance of each damage level for each class, and separate fragility curves for each of five geographical regions are presented. A revised set of fragility curves has also been prepared in which the bias in the curve resulting from the uncertainty in the ground motion parameter has been removed. The uncertainty in the fragility curves is evaluated and discussed and the curves are compared with those from other studies. A resistance index for each class of building is developed and cross-regional comparisons using this resistance index are presented.

scholarly journals Assessing the Energy Resilience of Office Buildings: Development and Testing of a Simplified Metric for Real Estate Stakeholders

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Paul Mathew ◽  
Lino Sanchez ◽  
Sang Hoon Lee ◽  
Travis Walter
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Power Outage ◽  
Continuity Of Operations ◽  
Quasi Monte Carlo ◽  
Building Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

Increasing concern over higher frequency extreme weather events is driving a push towards a more resilient built environment. In recent years there has been growing interest in understanding how to evaluate, measure, and improve building energy resilience, i.e., the ability of a building to provide energy-related services in the event of a local or regional power outage. In addition to human health and safety, many stakeholders are keenly interested in the ability of a building to allow continuity of operations and minimize business disruption. Office buildings are subject to significant economic losses when building operations are disrupted due to a power outage. We propose “occupant hours lost” (OHL) as a means to measure the business productivity lost as the result of a power outage in office buildings. OHL is determined based on indoor conditions in each space for each hour during a power outage, and then aggregated spatially and temporally to determine the whole building OHL. We used quasi-Monte Carlo parametric energy simulations to demonstrate how the OHL metric varies due to different building characteristics across different climate zones and seasons. The simulation dataset was then used to develop simple regression models for assessing the impact of ten key building characteristics on OHL. The most impactful were window-to-wall ratio and window characteristics. The regression models show promise as a simple means to assess and screen for resilience using basic building characteristics, especially for non-critical facilities where it may not be viable to conduct detailed engineering analysis.

Calibration of vulnerability and fragility curves from moderate intensity Italian earthquake damage data

2021 ◽  
pp. 102676
Author(s):  
Giovanni Menichini ◽  
Viola Nistri ◽  
Sonia Boschi ◽  
Emanuele Del Monte ◽  
Maurizio Orlando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Earthquake Damage ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Damage Data ◽  
Italian Earthquake

scholarly journals A comparative survey of the impacts of extreme rainfall in two international case studies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Spekkers ◽  
Viktor Rözer ◽  
Annegret Thieken ◽  
Marie-Claire ten Veldhuis ◽  
Heidi Kreibich
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Biased Sampling ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Damage Data

Abstract. Flooding is assessed as the most important natural hazard in Europe, causing thousands of deaths, affecting millions of people and accounting for large economic losses in the past decade. Little is known about the damage processes associated with extreme rainfall in cities, due to a lack of accurate, comparable and consistent damage data. The objective of this study is to investigate the impacts of extreme rainfall on residential buildings and how affected households coped with these impacts in terms of precautionary and emergency actions. Analyses are based on a unique dataset of damage characteristics and a wide range of potential damage explaining variables at the household level, collected through computer-aided telephone interviews (CATI) and an online survey. Exploratory data analyses based on a total of 859 completed questionnaires in the cities of Münster (Germany) and Amsterdam (the Netherlands) revealed that the uptake of emergency measures is related to characteristics of the hazardous event. In case of high water levels, more efforts are made to reduce damage, while emergency response that aims to prevent damage is less likely to be effective. The difference in magnitude of the events in Münster and Amsterdam in terms of rainfall intensity and water depth, is probably also the most important cause for the differences between the cities in terms of the suffered financial losses. Factors that significantly contributed to damage in at least one of the case studies are water contamination, the presence of a basement in the building and people's awareness of the upcoming event. Moreover, this study confirms conclusions by previous studies that people's experience with damaging events positively correlates with precautionary behaviour. For improving future damage data acquisition, we recommend to include cell-phones in a CATI survey to avoid biased sampling towards certain age groups.

scholarly journals Seismic Response Analysis of Multi-Story Steel Frames Using BRB and SCB Hybrid Bracing System

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Chen ◽  
Canxing Qiu ◽  
Dongxue Hao
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Response ◽  
Seismic Analysis ◽  
Steel Frames ◽  
Residual Deformation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Seismic Capacity ◽  
Story Drift ◽  
Bracing System

Multi-story steel frames are popular building structures. For those with insufficient seismic resistance, their seismic capacity can be improved by installing buckling-restrained braces (BRBs), which is known for high energy dissipation capacity, and the corresponding frame is denoted as BRB frame (BRBF). However, BRBFs are frequently criticized because of excessive residual deformations after earthquakes, which impede the post-event repairing work and immediate occupancy. Meanwhile, self-centering braces (SCBs), which were invented with a particular purpose of eliminating residual deformation for the protected structures, underwent fast development in recent years. However, the damping capability of SCBs is relatively small because their hysteresis is characterized by a flag shape. Therefore, this paper aims to combine these two different braces to form a hybrid bracing system. A total of four combinations are proposed to seek an optimal solution. The multi-story steel frames installed with BRBs, SCBs, and combined braces are numerically investigated through nonlinear static and dynamic analyses. Interested seismic response parameters refer to the maximum story drift ratios, maximum floor accelerations, and residual story drift ratios. The seismic analysis results indicate that the frames using the combined bracing system are able to take the advantages of BRBs and SCBs.

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