Further Study of Average Damage Ratio and Seismic Capacity Comparing of Non-Engineered Building in Seismogenic Zone Provinces in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 638-640 ◽  
pp. 1803-1810
Author(s):  
Ming Lu ◽  
Jue Hui Xing ◽  
Yan Yu ◽  
Ya Min Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Economic Loss ◽  
Brick Masonry ◽  
Seismogenic Zone ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Seismic Capacity ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
Capacity Evaluation ◽  
The World ◽  
Damage Data ◽  
Average Damage

China is one of the countries with the most serious earthquake disaster in the world. Buildings damaged and collapsed caused by earthquakes are the main reason of the economic loss and casualties. Most of non-engineered buildings are self-built houses, which occupy a considerable proportion in damaged buildings during earthquakes. It is significant to statistic and to analyze these house damage data in former earthquakes for the seismic capacity evaluation of the non-engineered buildings. The main types of non-engineered buildings are wood house, earth and wood house, brick and wood house, and brick masonry house. It is the seismogenic zone provinces for Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu and Yunnan in China. Based on the four type houses in the four provincial regions. The article focused on the 105 reports of earthquake disaster selected from 1990 and 2013. And then the article demonstrated that the average damage ratio of different house types in these four provincial regions. Through the comparing of the average damage ratio of the same house types in the four regions, it is clearly to understanding the seismic capacity of these types of non-engineered buildings in the different regions.

Average Damage Ratio and Earthquake Damage Matrix of Non-Engineered Building in Seismogenic Provincial Regions in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 580-583 ◽  
pp. 1667-1675
Author(s):  
Jue Hui Xing ◽  
Ming Lu ◽  
Ya Min Zhao ◽  
Yan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Earthquake Damage ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Seismic Capacity ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
Disaster Loss ◽  
Damage Data ◽  
Building Characteristics ◽  
Average Damage

Non-engineered buildings are most of self-built house, which locate in rural area in China. The structural defect of non-engineered buildings could reduce seismic capacity. The damage of these buildings are the main cause of earthquakes casualties and economic losses. The main types of the building structures include the wooden house, soil and wood house, brick and wood house and masonry house. It is the seismogenic provincial regions for Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu and Yunnan in China. Based on the four type houses in the four regions, 104 earthquake disaster loss reports were selected from 1990 and 2013. This article focused on the analysis of house damage data. This article proposes "the average damage ratio" concept, which takes one provincial region as an area and studies the whole area data. Due to a combination of multiple and differenteffects of earthquakes within one provincial region, the average damage ratio can be on behalf of the damage ratio, and reflects the non-engineered building characteristics in the provincial region. And then the article demonstrates that the earthquake damage matrix of different house types in these four provinces area. The earthquake damage matrix provides a more reliable basis for the earthquake disaster evaluation in rural area.

Earthquake Damage Forms of Multi-Story Brick Masonry Structure and their Mechanical Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 1408-1411
Author(s):  
Hong Biao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mechanism ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Seismic Damage ◽  
Masonry Structure ◽  
Brick Masonry ◽  
Earthquake Damage ◽  
Seismic Capacity ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
Damage Characteristics ◽  
Important Significance

In order to know seismic damage characteristics of multi-story brick masonry structure and improve its seismic capability, five kinds of earthquake damage or collapse forms of multi-story masonry brick structure are summed up based on earthquake disaster survey, each of which is analyzed with mechanics. And the failure mechanism of each seismic damage form of multi-story brick masonry structure are proposed, which provides effective engineering experience for the seismic or anti-collapse design of multi-story masonry brick structure. The research has the important significance in improving the seismic capacity of multi-story brick masonry structure and reducing the earthquake casualties.

Numerical model for the in-plane seismic capacity evaluation of tall plasterboard internal partitions

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 572-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crescenzo Petrone ◽  
Orsola Coppola ◽  
Gennaro Magliulo ◽  
Pauline Lopez ◽  
Gaetano Manfredi
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Seismic Capacity ◽  
Capacity Evaluation

scholarly journals Development of a Radar Reflector Kit for Older Adults to Use to Signal Their Location and Needs in a Large-Scale Earthquake Disaster

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1883
Author(s):  
Yuma Morisaki ◽  
Makoto Fujiu ◽  
Ryoichi Furuta ◽  
Junichi Takayama
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Earthquake Disaster ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The World ◽  
Vulnerable People

In Japan, older adults account for the highest proportion of the population of any country in the world. When large-scale earthquake disasters strike, large numbers of casualties are known to particularly occur among seniors. Many are physically or mentally vulnerable and require assistance during the different phases of disaster response, including rescue, evacuation, and living in an evacuation center. However, the growing number of older adults has made it difficult, after a disaster, to quickly gather information on their locations and assess their needs. The authors are developing a proposal to enable vulnerable people to signal their location and needs in the aftermath of a disaster to response teams by deploying radar reflectors that can be detected in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite imagery. The purpose of this study was to develop a radar reflector kit that seniors could easily assemble in order to make this proposal feasible in practice. Three versions of the reflector were tested for detectability, and a sample of older adults was asked to assemble the kits and provide feedback regarding problems they encountered and regarding their interest in using the reflectors in the event of a large-scale disaster.

scholarly journals Cyclic behavior of the R/C frames with reinforced masonry infills

2020 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 05014
Author(s):  
Jafril Tanjung ◽  
Maidiawati
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Brick Masonry ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Cyclic Behavior ◽  
Cyclic Loads ◽  
Seismic Capacity ◽  
Masonry Infill ◽  
Masonry Infills ◽  
Experimental Works ◽  
Reversed Cyclic

This study focuses on the experimental works to define the behavior of the reinforced concrete (R/C) frame model with the strengthening of the brick masonry infill by using the embedded reinforcement bars subjected to lateral reversed cyclic loads. A previous study by applying the lateral monotonic static loads showed that the embedded reinforcement bars increased the lateral capacity of the R/C frame and also delayed the failure of the brick masonry infill and R/C frame structure as well. However, in order to define its seismic capacity, a lateral reversed cyclic loading is required. The experimental works in this study were conducted by preparing and testing the 1/4 scaled-down R/C frame specimens represented the first story of the middle multi-story commonly constructed in the earthquake-prone area such as West Sumatera, Indonesia. The R/C frame specimens were two R/C frames with brick masonry infills where one of them strengthened by the embedded reinforced bars. All specimens were tested for applying the lateral reversed cyclic loads. The applied lateral load, the lateral displacement, the progressive cracks, and the failure mode of the specimens were observed and recorded during experimental works. As it was expected, the presence of the embedded reinforced bars in the brick masonry infills increases the seismic capacity and stiffness of the R/C specimens and also delayed the failure of the specimens. The experimental results in this study imply the simple strengthening method for the brick masonry infills.

scholarly journals Economic or Public Health? Southeast Asia’s Tackling of COVID-19 a Year Later

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imas Arumsari ◽  
Ridhwan Fauzi ◽  
Mohammad Ainul Maruf ◽  
Mouhamad Bigwanto
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Country Rankings ◽  
Pandemic Response ◽  
Government Websites ◽  
One Year ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

The world has been challenged by rapidly spreading COVID-19 outbreaks for a year now. Southeast Asian countries have had different strategies to deal with the pandemic. This review aimed to elaborate on Southeast Asian countries’ strategies in managing the trade-off between economic and public health, with further consideration of how such approaches were associated with the dynamics of the number of cases and the speed of economic recovery. This review evaluated the COVID-19 mitigation efforts spanning one year in the Southeast Asian (SEA) countries listed based on the Bloomberg COVID Resilience Ranking. As of May 24, 2021, three SEA countries (Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia) were chosen from the better (27th), moderate (35th), and worst (42nd) SEA country rankings. Peer-reviewed articles were obtained from Google Scholar and PubMed databases, and news articles were retrieved from GoogleNews. The data from government websites were also included. Sources were limited to those in the English and Indonesian languages that could be accessed between January 2020 and May 2021. Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia were found to have significantly prioritized consideration of the economy in handling the pandemic. Malaysia and Thailand had more stringent policies of imposing national lockdowns, while Indonesia had a partial lockdown. It was found that a weak pandemic response may result in substantial economic loss.

A New Type of Mammalian Intersexuality

1928 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
JOHN R. BAKER
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The World ◽  
New Hebrides ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Pacific Ocean

(1) In certain islands of the New Hebrides (in the Pacific Ocean) a considerable proportion of the pigs are intersexual. Nowhere in the world are intersexual mammals so abundant. (2) These intersexes differ from the rare intersexes of European pigs in the invariable absence of any rudiment of uterus or vagina. (3) A tendency to intersexuality is inherited. (4) The intersexes are interpreted as genetic males in which the testicular hormone has been produced too late in development.

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