Modeling the Thermal Comfort of Internal Building Spaces in School

<p class="p0">Creating a comfortable indoor environment has been one of the mainconcerns when it comes to the design and operation of buildings. Buildings are a crucial part of our daily life, on average people spends 85 % of their time performing activities inside of buildings and therefore the quality of the indoor environment is a critical factor affecting the happiness and productivity of building users.The indoor environmental quality has a strong relationship on the thermal conditions of a space which is directly affected by the amount of heat lost or gained due to the properties of the materials used, the external environmental conditions and the inner sources of heat; In consequence, efforts have to be made to maintain proper thermal conditions by means of using natural and mechanical strategies to provide heating, cooling and ventilation. While the thermal comfort is an important aspect for the average user of a building, it becomes a critical aspect when it comes to population highly sensitive to thermal conditions.</p>

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Modeling the Thermal Comfort of Internal Building Spaces in Hospital

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.753 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 584-586 ◽

pp. 753-756 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Andrey Volkov ◽

Artem Sedov ◽

Pavel Chelyshkov ◽

Ekaterina Kulikova

Keyword(s):

Thermal Comfort ◽

Indoor Environment ◽

Critical Factor ◽

Thermal Conditions ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Indoor Environmental Quality ◽

Operational Conditions ◽

Hospital Patients ◽

Materials Used ◽

Comfort Parameters

<p class="p0">Creating a comfortable indoor environment has been one of the mainconcerns when it comes to the design and operation of buildings. Buildings are a crucial part of our daily life, on average people spends 85 % of their time performing activities inside of buildings and therefore the quality of the indoor environment is a critical factor affecting the happiness and productivity of building users.The indoor environmental quality has a strong relationship on the thermal conditions of a space which is directly affected by the amount of heat lost or gained due to the properties of the materials used, the external environmental conditions and the inner sources of heat; In consequence, efforts have to be made to maintain proper thermal conditions by means of using natural and mechanical strategies to provide heating, cooling and ventilation. While the thermal comfort is an important aspect for the average user of a building, it becomes a critical aspect when it comes to population highly sensitive to thermal conditions. Children under and patients in hospitals with low levels of immune system are more likely to feel discomfort under certain operational conditions of ventilation, cooling and heating delivery systems.Particularly in this study have been investigated the thermal comfort and thermal comfort parameters for children, toddlers and hospital patients in three locations during the typical operation of systems in late spring.</p>

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Thermal Comfort and Sleep Quality of Indonesian Students Living in Japan during Summer and Winter

Buildings ◽

10.3390/buildings11080326 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 326

Author(s):

Wiwik Budiawan ◽

Kazuyo Tsuzuki

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Thermal Comfort ◽

Thermal Sensation ◽

Thermal Conditions ◽

Physical Conditions ◽

Subjective Sleepiness ◽

Adaptive Action ◽

Quality Sleep ◽

Sleep Parameters

Thermal comfort is crucial in satisfaction and maintaining quality sleep for occupants. In this study, we investigated the comfort temperature in the bedroom at night and sleep quality for Indonesian students during summer and winter. Eighteen male Indonesian students aged 29 ± 4 years participated in this study. The participants had stayed in Japan for about six months. We evaluated the sleep parameters using actigraphy performed during summer and winter. All participants completed the survey regarding thermal sensation, physical conditions, and subjective sleepiness before sleep. The temperature and relative humidity of participants’ bedrooms were also measured. We found that the duration on the bed during winter was significantly longer than that during summer. However, sleeping efficiency during winter was significantly worse than that during summer. The bedroom temperature of the participants was in the range of comfort temperature in Indonesia. With the average bedroom air temperature of 22.2 °C, most of the participants still preferred “warm” and felt “slightly comfortable” during winter. The average comfort temperature each season calculated using the Griffiths method was 28.1 °C during summer and 23.5 °C during winter. In conclusion, differences in adaptive action affect bedroom thermal conditions. Furthermore, habits encourage the sleep performance of Indonesian students.

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Assessing the indoor thermal comfort of a toll station

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201928202031 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 282 ◽

pp. 02031

Author(s):

Ricardo M.S.F. Almeida ◽

Eva Barreira ◽

Sandra Soares ◽

Ramos Nuno M.M. ◽

Sérgio Lopes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Comfort ◽

Indoor Environment ◽

Thermal Sensation ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Indoor Environmental Quality ◽

Thermal Perception ◽

Health And Wellbeing ◽

Local Thermal Comfort ◽

Toll Station ◽

Global And Local

The importance of a good indoor environment for peoples’ health and wellbeing is nowadays clearly established. Besides enhancing the wellbeing of building occupants and helping decrease the occurrence of building related illness, a good indoor environment can also lead to a decrease in worker complaints and absenteeism. This paper presents the results of a three-month monitoring campaign where the thermal comfort of a toll station was evaluated, including the main room and the cabins. The physical parameters required for the assessment of both global and local thermal comfort were measured and the results were compared with the thermal perception of the occupants, which was collected through questionnaires. The indoor environmental quality in the main room was better than in the cabins and a mismatch between the PMV index and the occupants thermal sensation was identified.

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Abatement of the Increases in Cooling Energy Use during a Period of Intense Heat by a Network-Based Adaptive Controller

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13031353 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 1353 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jonghoon Ahn

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficiency ◽

Thermal Comfort ◽

Energy Use ◽

Deterministic Model ◽

Thermal Conditions ◽

Adaptive Controller ◽

High Energy ◽

Comfort Level ◽

Indoor Environmental Quality ◽

Comfort Indices

Various methods to control thermal conditions of building spaces have been developed to investigate their performances of energy use and thermal comfort in the system levels. However, the high control precision used in several studies dealing with data-driven methods may cause energy increases and the high energy efficiency may be disadvantageous for maintaining indoor environmental quality. This study proposes a model that optimizes the supply air condition to effectively reach the setting values by two-way controls of the supply air conditions. In such a process, if the results of the thermal comfort level are outside the range of the initial setting values, an adaptive model starts to work to send additional signals to adjust the set-point temperature. In order to assess its efficiency, the conventional thermostat model and fuzzy deterministic model are adopted as comparators. Comparing the results of the proposed network-based model with conventional control models, an improved control performance from 15.5% to 29.3% in thermal comfort indices was identified, as well as an over 30% improvement in energy efficiency. As a consequence, the network-based adaptive control rule supervising thermal comfort indices properly operates to abate increases in its energy use without compromising its thermal comfort. This performance can be significant in places where many spaces are woven at high density, and in situations where better thermal comfort can increase users’ workability and productivity.

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Experimental and statistical survey on local thermal comfort impact on working productivity loss in university classrooms

Thermal Science ◽

10.2298/tsci170920160b ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 379-392 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tamara Bajc ◽

Milos Banjac ◽

Maja Todorovic ◽

Zana Stevanovic

Keyword(s):

Thermal Comfort ◽

Productivity Loss ◽

Thermal Conditions ◽

Co2 Concentration ◽

Heating System ◽

Indoor Environmental Quality ◽

Personal Factor ◽

Predicted Mean Vote ◽

Local Thermal Comfort ◽

The Impact

The paper presents an experimental analysis of the relationship between local thermal comfort and productivity loss in classrooms. The experimental investigation was performed in a real university classroom during the winter semester in city of Belgrade. Measurements were taken for four scenarios, with different indoor comfort conditions. Variations were made by setting the central heating system on/off, adding an additional heat source to provoke higher indoor temperatures, and measuring the radiant asymmetry impact. Innovative questionnaires were developed especially for the research, in order to investigate students? subjective feelings about local thermal comfort and indoor environmental quality. Local predicted mean vote and predicted percentage dissatisfied indices were calculated using data measured in situ. The results were compared to existing models recommended in literature and European and ASHRAE standards. Student productivity was evaluated using novel tests, designed to fit the purposes of the research. Surveys were conducted for 19 days under different thermal conditions, during lectures in a real classroom, using a sample of 240 productivity test results in total. Using the measured data, new correlations between the predicted mean vote, CO2, personal factor and productivity loss were developed. The research findings imply that local thermal comfort is an important factor that can impact productivity, but the impact of the personal factor is of tremendous importance, together with CO2 concentration in the classroom.

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Analysis of Thermal Comfort and Microclimatic Conditions in Special Workplaces

Proceedings of The International Conference on Research in Science, Engineering and Technology ◽

10.33422/2nd.icrset.2019.11.789 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Zuzana Kolková ◽

Peter Hrabovský ◽

Jozef Matušov

Keyword(s):

Thermal Comfort ◽

Indoor Environment ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Working Environment ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Indoor Climate ◽

Microclimatic Conditions ◽

Radiant Temperature ◽

Graphical Presentation

Microclimatic conditions and thermal comfort are important factors in the design of high quality buildings and the quality of working conditions for people in different operations. The importance of thermal comfort in the indoor environment can not be underestimated. A vast majority of complaints about indoor climate relate to poor thermal comfort. This paper presents an analysis of subjective thermal comfort measurement. The experiments were conducted to collect the data in the real conditions. ComfortSense system was used in these experiments. A Humidity and an Operative probe are available together with application software with graphical presentation of results including the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD). The operating conditions are regulated by law in our country. The aim of the legislation is to protect people in the working environment and create appropriate health conditions for them. The goal of a thermal comfort analysis is finding an appropriate function of the physical parameters (background radiant temperature, air temperature, air humidity, wind speed, clothing, metabolic rate, and core temperature), which would yield the corresponding comfort/discomfort level.

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Calcaneal spur: Clinical problem, physical Therapy Analysis

Acta Balneologica ◽

10.36740/abal202001101 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 5-11

Author(s):

Włodzisław Kuliński ◽

Katarzyna Sobczyk

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Physical Therapy ◽

Care Facility ◽

Health Care Facility ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Walking Distance ◽

Rehabilitation Centre ◽

Calcaneal Spur ◽

Crucial Part

Introduction: Plantar fasciitis, also called calcaneal spur, is a progressive degenerative condition occurring regardless of age or sex, with heel pain as the first symptom. Calcaneal spur develops over a period of many months or years. Risk factors include overweight or obesity, past injuries, lower limb length discrepancy, foot defects or ill-fitting shoes. Physical therapy is a crucial part of calcaneal spur treatment. Aim: To assess the most common risk factors for calcaneal spur as well as the efficacy of physical therapy and its effects on the quality of life.material and methods: The study group consisted of 40 patients with calcaneal spur treated at the Rehabilitation Centre of the Health Care Facility in Pińczów. Before and after treatment, the patients underwent a physical examination and history-taking, completed a survey and rated their pain on a pain assessment scale, and participated in a painless walking distance test. The data were statistically analysed.Results: The results showed that risk factors significantly contribute to the development of calcaneal spur and that there is a strong relationship between time from diagnosis and period of improvement after treatment. Physical therapy reduced or eliminated pain in the study patients, improved their ability to ambulate, and increased their quality of life. Conclusions: Physical therapy is a crucial part of calcaneal spur treatment.

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Conserving Energy by Expanding the Thermal Comfort Envelope

Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/1071181378022001139 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 533-536 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Frederick H. Rohles

Keyword(s):

Thermal Comfort ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Air Conditioning ◽

Thermal Environment ◽

Thermal Conditions ◽

Heating And Cooling ◽

American Society ◽

Psychrometric Chart ◽

Sedentary Activities

Standard 55–74 entitled “Thermal Conditions for Human Occupancy” which is published by The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers, (ASHRAE) defines an “acceptable thermal environment” as one in which “at least 80 percent of the normally clothed men and women while engaged in indoor sedentary or near sedentary activities would express thermal comfort.” This is pictured on the ASHRAE psychrometric chart as an envelope that includes dry bulb temperatures between 74°F and 77°F at relative humidities between 20% and 60%. The paper will describe five human factors approaches that have been used or are being considered to expand this envelope and thereby conserve energy. These are (1) the use of small radiant heaters which are installed in the modesty panels of desks so comfort may be attained at lower temperatures; (2) the demonstration that night set-back of thermostats to temperatures as low as 50°F do not effect sleeping patterns; (3) the role that interior decor can play in making people feel warmer; (4) the effect that temperature “swings” associated with solar heating and cooling has upon acceptance of the thermal environment and (5) the acceptance of a reduced quality of indoor air as a result of heating with an increased ratio of recirculated air to outside air.

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Residents’ Satisfaction of Indoor Environmental Quality in Their Old Apartment Homes

Indoor and Built Environment ◽

10.1177/1420326x10392010 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 16-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Sung Heui Cho ◽

Tae Kyung Lee ◽

Jeong Tai Kim

Keyword(s):

Environmental Quality ◽

Indoor Environment ◽

Objective Evaluation ◽

Indoor Environmental Quality ◽

Analytic Hierarchy ◽

High Rise ◽

Technical Evaluation ◽

Composition Factors ◽

Hierarchy Process

The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) of old apartment homes and the residents’ satisfaction with living in these properties. About 168 households were surveyed in this study. The survey was based on the evaluation of deterioration using housing performance indicators and the questionnaire study. First, this study compared and analysed the results of both technical evaluation and residents’ satisfaction on the IEQ of old apartments based on case studies. Second, the study validated the IEQ evaluation of the home environments using multiple regression analyses based on residents’ satisfaction and their perception about the indoor environment. Third, the importance of the indoor environment composition factors contributing to the home environmental quality was assessed based on the survey of residents’ perception and experts’ opinions. Analytic hierarchy process was used to evaluate the housing experts’ opinions. The objective evaluation by technical criteria was also carried out to determine the conditions of the apartment homes. This study should contribute to elaborate evaluation models for the development of guidelines for the home environmental quality of high-rise and high-density old apartment buildings in Korea.

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