Modeling the Thermal Comfort of Internal Building Spaces in Hospital

2014 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 753-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Volkov ◽  
Artem Sedov ◽  
Pavel Chelyshkov ◽  
Ekaterina Kulikova
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Comfort Parameters

<p class="p0">Creating a comfortable indoor environment has been one of the mainconcerns when it comes to the design and operation of buildings. Buildings are a crucial part of our daily life, on average people spends 85 % of their time performing activities inside of buildings and therefore the quality of the indoor environment is a critical factor affecting the happiness and productivity of building users.The indoor environmental quality has a strong relationship on the thermal conditions of a space which is directly affected by the amount of heat lost or gained due to the properties of the materials used, the external environmental conditions and the inner sources of heat; In consequence, efforts have to be made to maintain proper thermal conditions by means of using natural and mechanical strategies to provide heating, cooling and ventilation. While the thermal comfort is an important aspect for the average user of a building, it becomes a critical aspect when it comes to population highly sensitive to thermal conditions. Children under and patients in hospitals with low levels of immune system are more likely to feel discomfort under certain operational conditions of ventilation, cooling and heating delivery systems.Particularly in this study have been investigated the thermal comfort and thermal comfort parameters for children, toddlers and hospital patients in three locations during the typical operation of systems in late spring.</p>

Modeling the Thermal Comfort of Internal Building Spaces in School

2014 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 761-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Volkov ◽  
Artem Sedov ◽  
Pavel Chelyshkov ◽  
Ekaterina Kulikova
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Crucial Part

<p class="p0">Creating a comfortable indoor environment has been one of the mainconcerns when it comes to the design and operation of buildings. Buildings are a crucial part of our daily life, on average people spends 85 % of their time performing activities inside of buildings and therefore the quality of the indoor environment is a critical factor affecting the happiness and productivity of building users.The indoor environmental quality has a strong relationship on the thermal conditions of a space which is directly affected by the amount of heat lost or gained due to the properties of the materials used, the external environmental conditions and the inner sources of heat; In consequence, efforts have to be made to maintain proper thermal conditions by means of using natural and mechanical strategies to provide heating, cooling and ventilation. While the thermal comfort is an important aspect for the average user of a building, it becomes a critical aspect when it comes to population highly sensitive to thermal conditions.</p>

Modeling the Thermal Comfort of Internal Building Spaces in Kindergarten

2014 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 757-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Volkov ◽  
Artem Sedov ◽  
Pavel Chelyshkov ◽  
Ekaterina Kulikova
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Crucial Part

<p class="p0">Creating a comfortable indoor environment has been one of the mainconcerns when it comes to the design and operation of buildings. Buildings are a crucial part of our daily life, on average people spends 85 % of their time performing activities inside of buildings and therefore the quality of the indoor environment is a critical factor affecting the happiness and productivity of building users.The indoor environmental quality has a strong relationship on the thermal conditions of a space which is directly affected by the amount of heat lost or gained due to the properties of the materials used, the external environmental conditions and the inner sources of heat; In consequence, efforts have to be made to maintain proper thermal conditions by means of using natural and mechanical strategies to provide heating, cooling and ventilation. While the thermal comfort is an important aspect for the average user of a building, it becomes a critical aspect when it comes to population highly sensitive to thermal conditions.</p>

scholarly journals Assessing the indoor thermal comfort of a toll station

2019 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 02031
Author(s):  
Ricardo M.S.F. Almeida ◽  
Eva Barreira ◽  
Sandra Soares ◽  
Ramos Nuno M.M. ◽  
Sérgio Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Thermal Perception ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Local Thermal Comfort ◽  
Toll Station ◽  
Global And Local

The importance of a good indoor environment for peoples’ health and wellbeing is nowadays clearly established. Besides enhancing the wellbeing of building occupants and helping decrease the occurrence of building related illness, a good indoor environment can also lead to a decrease in worker complaints and absenteeism. This paper presents the results of a three-month monitoring campaign where the thermal comfort of a toll station was evaluated, including the main room and the cabins. The physical parameters required for the assessment of both global and local thermal comfort were measured and the results were compared with the thermal perception of the occupants, which was collected through questionnaires. The indoor environmental quality in the main room was better than in the cabins and a mismatch between the PMV index and the occupants thermal sensation was identified.

scholarly journals Effects of Urban Configuration on Human Thermal Conditions in a Typical Tropical African Coastal City

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Lubango Ndetto ◽  
Andreas Matzarakis
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Coastal City ◽  
Human Thermal Conditions ◽  
Comfort Parameters

A long-term simulation of urban climate was done using the easily available long-term meteorological data from a nearby synoptic station in a tropical coastal city of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The study aimed at determining the effects of buildings’ height and street orientations on human thermal conditions at pedestrian level. The urban configuration was represented by a typical urban street and a small urban park near the seaside. The simulations were conducted in the microscale applied climate model of RayMan, and results were interpreted in terms of the thermal comfort parameters of mean radiant (Tmrt) and physiologically equivalent (PET) temperatures. PET values, high as 34°C, are observed to prevail during the afternoons especially in the east-west oriented streets, and buildings’ height of 5 m has less effect on the thermal comfort. The optimal reduction ofTmrtand PET values for pedestrians was observed on the nearly north-south reoriented streets and with increased buildings’ height especially close to 100 m. Likewise, buildings close to the park enhance comfort conditions in the park through additional shadow. The study provides design implications and management of open spaces like urban parks in cities for the sake of improving thermal comfort conditions for pedestrians.

scholarly journals Abatement of the Increases in Cooling Energy Use during a Period of Intense Heat by a Network-Based Adaptive Controller

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonghoon Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Deterministic Model ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Adaptive Controller ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Comfort Indices

Various methods to control thermal conditions of building spaces have been developed to investigate their performances of energy use and thermal comfort in the system levels. However, the high control precision used in several studies dealing with data-driven methods may cause energy increases and the high energy efficiency may be disadvantageous for maintaining indoor environmental quality. This study proposes a model that optimizes the supply air condition to effectively reach the setting values by two-way controls of the supply air conditions. In such a process, if the results of the thermal comfort level are outside the range of the initial setting values, an adaptive model starts to work to send additional signals to adjust the set-point temperature. In order to assess its efficiency, the conventional thermostat model and fuzzy deterministic model are adopted as comparators. Comparing the results of the proposed network-based model with conventional control models, an improved control performance from 15.5% to 29.3% in thermal comfort indices was identified, as well as an over 30% improvement in energy efficiency. As a consequence, the network-based adaptive control rule supervising thermal comfort indices properly operates to abate increases in its energy use without compromising its thermal comfort. This performance can be significant in places where many spaces are woven at high density, and in situations where better thermal comfort can increase users’ workability and productivity.

scholarly journals Experimental and statistical survey on local thermal comfort impact on working productivity loss in university classrooms

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 379-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Bajc ◽  
Milos Banjac ◽  
Maja Todorovic ◽  
Zana Stevanovic
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Personal Factor ◽  
Predicted Mean Vote ◽  
Local Thermal Comfort ◽  
The Impact

The paper presents an experimental analysis of the relationship between local thermal comfort and productivity loss in classrooms. The experimental investigation was performed in a real university classroom during the winter semester in city of Belgrade. Measurements were taken for four scenarios, with different indoor comfort conditions. Variations were made by setting the central heating system on/off, adding an additional heat source to provoke higher indoor temperatures, and measuring the radiant asymmetry impact. Innovative questionnaires were developed especially for the research, in order to investigate students? subjective feelings about local thermal comfort and indoor environmental quality. Local predicted mean vote and predicted percentage dissatisfied indices were calculated using data measured in situ. The results were compared to existing models recommended in literature and European and ASHRAE standards. Student productivity was evaluated using novel tests, designed to fit the purposes of the research. Surveys were conducted for 19 days under different thermal conditions, during lectures in a real classroom, using a sample of 240 productivity test results in total. Using the measured data, new correlations between the predicted mean vote, CO2, personal factor and productivity loss were developed. The research findings imply that local thermal comfort is an important factor that can impact productivity, but the impact of the personal factor is of tremendous importance, together with CO2 concentration in the classroom.

scholarly journals Incorporating cooling and ventilation effects into a single IEQ indicator

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 02011
Author(s):  
Matjaž Prek ◽  
Gorazd Krese ◽  
Žiga Lampret
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Displacement Ventilation ◽  
Wall Displacement ◽  
Flat Wall ◽  
Ventilation Effectiveness

The influence of dissimilar cooling and ventilation system combinations on indoor environmental quality (IEQ) has been studied. A comparison of chilled ceiling cooling in combination with displacement ventilation, cooling with fan coil unit, and cooling with flat wall displacement inlets was performed. All observed variations were evaluated based on whole-body and local thermal comfort criteria as well as with regard to ventilation effectiveness. The analysis was made based on results of numerical simulations carried out in two steps. First, DesignBuilder was applied to model the buildings’ thermal performance and to evaluate its interaction with the environment. The latter included the calculation of heat gains as well as the heat loss on the boundary surfaces of the observed air-conditioned room. In the second step, ANSYS Fluent was used to simulate the response of indoor environment by utilizing the simulation results obtained in the first step, in order to evaluate the interaction between building and human. Afterwards, the observed thermal comfort and ventilation criteria were merged into a novel indoor environment indicator, which enables to describe the indoor environment quality with a single value. Among the analysed systems, the ceiling cooling system in combination with displacement ventilation was found to be the most suitable as it offers a high level of thermal comfort with adequate ventilation efficiency. Fan coil cooling was the least favourable option in terms of thermal comfort, while flat wall displacement inlets exhibited the lowest ventilation effectiveness. The performed investigation demonstrated the necessity to assess indoor environment with regard to IEQ in addition to energy consumption.

scholarly journals Survey Based Evaluation of Indoor Environment in an Administrative Military Facility

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-107
Author(s):  
Aleksejs Prozuments ◽  
Anatolijs Borodinecs ◽  
Jurgis Zemitis
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Satisfaction Level ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Feasibility Assessment ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Military Facilities ◽  
High Degree

Military facilities feature distinctive requirements with regards to building technical and structural design, material use and indoor environmental conditions (IEC), as these buildings serve specific purpose and the personnel occupying the premises may wear uniform or protective clothing (administrative staff, special forces, training personnel etc.), that can greatly affect their satisfaction level with thermal comfort and productivity. In order to acquire data on the actual indoor environment conditions and obtain a feedback from the occupying personnel on their satisfaction level with the IEC in an administrative military building situated in a special purpose military compound, a series of IAQ measurements (temperature, humidity, CO2 level) and a survey on indoor air quality and thermal comfort was conducted in different premises of the administrative office building. A total of 73 respondents occupying the building participated in the survey. The results of the conducted survey revealed that there is a high degree of dissatisfaction with the IEC in military buildings, that is attributed to inadequate ventilation and overtemperature. That matched the collected indoor environmental quality (IEQ) data, forming a direct relationship between the poor energy efficiency and low satisfaction rate with IEC. The study reiterates the need to address the poor current technical state of unclassified building stock, emphasizes the call for developing clear regulatory requirements for newly-constructed unclassified buildings and thorough feasibility assessment for renovation projects.    

scholarly journals Post-Occupancy Evaluation of Indoor Environmental Quality in a nZEB sport hall in a Mediterranean climate.

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 02048
Author(s):  
Joana Ortiz ◽  
Maria L. Gonzalez Matterson ◽  
Paolo Taddeo ◽  
Jaume Salom
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Monitoring Campaign ◽  
Post Occupancy Evaluation ◽  
Comfort Evaluation ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Comfort Parameters

The aim of the present work is to evaluate the environmental comfort of the users of a new nZEB sport hall located in Tarragona, Spain, through a Post Occupancy Evaluation. The study is composed by two phases of measurements where the visual comfort, the thermal comfort and the air quality are evaluated. The first monitoring campaign is focused on a detailed visual comfort evaluation under daylight conditions, done on July 28th, 2017. The second monitoring campaign is focused on the thermal comfort and the air quality and was performed during the Mediterranean Olympic Games from June 19th to July 1st of 2018. Moreover, around 140 of surveys are done to the audience to compare the calculated comfort parameters with the perception of the users. The results of the Post Occupancy Evaluation are satisfactory, obtaining good comfort indexes and demonstrating a good perception by the users.

scholarly journals Barriers on Establishing Passive Strategies in Office Spaces: A Case Study in a Historic University Building

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4563
Author(s):  
Nuno Baía Baía Saraiva ◽  
Luisa Dias Dias Pereira ◽  
Adélio Rodrigues Gaspar ◽  
José Joaquim da Costa
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Hvac Systems ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
Full Capacity ◽  
Free Cooling ◽  
Passive Strategies ◽  
The University ◽  
Indoor Conditions

The adaptation of spaces to different usage typologies can be complex in heritage buildings. Facilities were initially planned for a specific type of use that, when changed, require additional measures to ensure a suitable indoor environment. Passive strategies—e.g., free cooling—are commonly used as an alternative without requiring equipment installation. However, its implementation often leads to unsatisfactory conditions. Therefore, it is important to clarify the main barriers to achieving thermal comfort in readapted historic buildings. The present work investigates the thermal comfort conditions reported by workers in office spaces of a historic building in the University of Coimbra. A monitoring campaign was carried out between May and September 2020 to assess indoor conditions’ quality. Due to the current pandemic of COVID-19, offices were not occupied at full capacity. A one-day evaluation of thermal comfort was made using a climate analyzer and six occupants were surveyed on 19 August 2020. The main results highlighted discomfort due to overheating of spaces. The causes were related to the combination of inadequate implementation of the free cooling actions and the building use. Furthermore, it was recommended the installation of HVAC systems in case of full capacity.

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