Pervaporation of Ethyl Acetate-Water Mixture through Sago/PVA Blend Membranes Cross-Linked with Glutaraldehyde

2014 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 167-169
Author(s):  
Abdulhakim M. Alamaria ◽  
Mohd Ghazali Mohd Nawawi ◽  
Zafifah Zamrud
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Varied Temperature ◽  
Degree Of Swelling ◽  
Blend Membranes ◽  
Scanning Electron

Sago composite membrane possesses a microporous polysulfone substrate were prepared and tested for dehydration of ethyl acetate/water mixture. Sago composite membrane has been cross-linked successfully by glutaraldehyde. The membranes were characterized by Degree of swelling (DS) and scanning electron micrographs (SEM). Pervaporation of ethyl acetate –water mixture was conducted over a range of water concentration (1-4wt %) in feed solution at varied temperature from 30°C to 60°C. KeywordsSagostarch:Pervaporation;Ethylacetate;Polyvinylalcohol;CompositeMembrane;

Preparation of Chitosan-Alginate/PES Pervaporation Membranes for Bioethanol Dehydration

2015 ◽  
Vol 1123 ◽  
pp. 182-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mumpuni Asih Pratiwi ◽  
Ronny Windu Sudrajat ◽  
Sri Sutanti ◽  
Heru Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Coating Solution ◽  
Degree Of Swelling

In the last decade pervaporation membrane has become an antractive dehydration processs for azeotropic ethanol-water mixture. In this paper, chitosan-alginate/polyethersulfone (PES) composite membranes were prepared (by coating method) characterized as pervaporation membranes. The composite membranes were then examined to purify ethanol-water mixture. The characterization included degree of swelling both in water and ethanol, permeability measurement, surface morphology (by SEM) and surface chemistry (by FTIR). The results show that the increase in concentration of coating solution increases the degree of swelling in the water on the one hand, whereas the permeability and the degree of swelling in the ethanol decreases on the other hand. The highest permeability was obtained for the composite membrane prepared from a coating solution concentration of 1% with the ratio of chitosan to alginate was 0,33. The surface chemistry shows that the increase in concentration of chitosan - alginate solution increases the intensity of a specific wave number of C-O and C-N groups. Surface morphology indicates that the PES membrane surface is clearly covered by chitosan - alginate mixture. Performance examination demonstrates that the composite membrane prepared by 3% a coating solution (with the ratio of chitosan to alginate 3) can increase the bioethanol concentration from 95.5% to 99.6%.

SEPARATION OF ETHYL ACETATE FROM WATER MIXTURE USING SAGO/POLY (VINYL ALCOHOL) BLENDED MEMBRANES: EFFECT OF SAGO BLENDED RATIOS

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulhakim M. Alamaria ◽  
Mohd Ghazali Mohd Nawawi
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Solution Casting ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Blend Membranes ◽  
Solution Casting Technique ◽  
Feed Temperature

Relatively new Sago/PVA blended membranes were prepared by solution casting technique. Homogenous sago/PVA membranes were prepared with different ratio of sago content in the membrane. The blended membranes were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), contact angle measurements, and degree of swelling (DS). The blended membranes were tested for pervaporation of ethyl acetate-water mixture at a range of 1-4wt% of water in the solution. The effects of feed temperature and concentration were investigated. The permeation flux increased around 30% with sago content in the blend membranes from 3wt% to 7wt% at 60oC. However, the separation factor decreased from 433 to 387 for same membrane.

Membranes Prepared from a Blend of Poly(acrylic Acid) and Natural Rubber-Graft-Poly(vinyl Alcohol) (PAA/NR-g-PVA)

2010 ◽  
Vol 93-94 ◽  
pp. 268-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilairat Wongthep ◽  
Chaiwat Ruksakulpiwat ◽  
Sittipong Amnuaypanich
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Latex Particles ◽  
Degree Of Swelling ◽  
Blend Membranes ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

The blend membranes from PAA and NR-graft-PVA were prepared. By introducing potassium persulfate (KPS) initiator, PVA can be chemically attached to the NR latex particles which was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. Most of added-PVA was grafted on the NR latex particles as indicated by the almost-linear increasing of grafting percentage. The swelling of the PAA/NR-g-PVA blend membranes was performed in different concentrations of water-ethanol solutions. For the water concentration lesser than 30 vol.%, all membranes showed almost no-swelling but beyond 30 vol.% water, the degree of swelling revealed the substantial swelling with the degree of swelling increased as PAA content in the membrane increased.

A new genus and four new species of millipedes from Tasmania, Australia (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Dalodesmidae), with notes on male leg setae in some Tasmanian dalodesmids

Zootaxa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 558 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT MESIBOV
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Scanning Electron

Bromodesmus catrionae n. gen., n. sp. (type species), B. militaris n. sp., B. riparius n. sp. and B. rufus n. sp. are described. The new genus is characterized by greatly reduced paranota and a gonopod telopodite expanded at the distal end into a posteriorly concave hood fringed with teeth; the hood partly protects a long, curved, acutely pointed solenomerite. Male leg setation in the type species of six Tasmanian dalodesmid genera is briefly discussed and illustrated with scanning electron micrographs. The sphaerotrichome shaft is sharply pointed in Atrophotergum; gently tapered in Dasystigma, Lissodesmus and Tasmanodesmus; expanded at the tip in Bromodesmus; and entirely absent in Gasterogramma. Tips of the setae forming the dense ventral brush on male podomeres are gently tapered in Dasystigma and Lissodesmus, truncated in Gasterogramma, expanded in Bromodesmus and forked in Tasmanodesmus.

The ultrastructure of the epidermis of the redia and cercaria of Parorchis acanthus, Nicoll. A study by scanning and transmission electron-microscopy

Parasitology ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwendolen Rees
Keyword(s):  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Parorchis Acanthus ◽  
Scanning Electron

Scanning electron-micrographs have shown the covering of microvilli on the surface of the redia of Parorchis acanthus. In the contracted state the elongated microvilli with bulbous extremities seen in the surface grooves may be the result of compression. The surface of the epidermis of the cercaria is smooth on a large area of the ventral surface and lattice-like with microvilli, laterally, anteriorly, dorsally and on the tail. The spines on the body can be withdrawn into sheaths by the contraction of muscle fibres inserted into the basement lamina below each spine.I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Dr I. ap Gwynn of this department for preparing the scanning electron-micrographs and the School of Engineering Science, University of North Wales, Bangor for the use of their stereoscan. I should also like to thank Mr M. C. Bibby for technical assistance and Professor E. G. Gray and Dr W. Sinclair for assistance with the transmission electron-micrographs.

scholarly journals Sago/PVA blend membranes for the recovery of ethyl acetate from water

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2183-2191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulhakim. M. Alamaria ◽  
M. Ghazali. M. Nawawi ◽  
Zafifah Zamrud
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Blend Membranes

Aphid parasitoids infesting cotton, citrus, tobacco, and cereal crops in southeastern Europe: aphid-plant associations and keys

2005 ◽  
Vol 137 (5) ◽  
pp. 516-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nickolas G. Kavallieratos ◽  
Željko Tomanović ◽  
Christos G. Athanassiou ◽  
Petr Starý ◽  
Vladimir Žikić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Separate Group ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Southeastern Europe ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
New Information ◽  
Aphid Parasitoids ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractWe present new information on the parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of aphids infesting cotton, tobacco, citrus, and cereal agroecosystems in southeastern Europe. Nineteen species are keyed and illustrated with scanning electron micrographs and line drawings. The aphidiines presented in this work have been identified from 18 aphid taxa. Furthermore, 96 original parasitoid–aphid–plant associations are presented. Cotton, tobacco, and citrus agroecosystems are connected through aphids and their parasitoids, whereas cereal agroecosystems represent a separate group of associations.

Use of electron microscopy to characterize the surfaces of flocculent and nonflocculent yeast cells

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1081-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byron F. Johnson ◽  
L. C. Sowden ◽  
Teena Walker ◽  
Bong Y. Yoo ◽  
Gode B. Calleja
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fission Yeast ◽  
Budding Yeast ◽  
The Other ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Soft Or ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Scanning Electron

The surfaces of flocculent and nonflocculent yeast cells have been examined by electron microscopy. Nonextractive preparative procedures for scanning electron microscopy allow comparison in which sharp or softened images of surface details (scars, etc.) are the criteria for relative abundance of flocculum material. Asexually flocculent budding-yeast cells cannot be distinguished from nonflocculent budding-yeast cells in scanning electron micrographs because the scar details of both are well resolved, being hard and sharp. On the other hand, flocculent fission-yeast cells are readily distinguished from nonflocculent cells because fission scars are mostly soft or obscured on flocculent cells, but sharp on nonflocculent cells. Sexually and asexually flocculent fission-yeast cells cannot be distinguished from one another as both are heavily clad in "mucilaginous" or "hairy" coverings. Examination of lightly extracted and heavily extracted flocculent fission-yeast cells by transmission electron microscopy provides micrographs consistent with the scanning electron micrographs.Key words: flocculation, budding yeast, fission yeast, scanning, transmission.

Key for identification of the parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of aphids infesting alfalfa in Europe

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4378 (1) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
MUSTAFA E. GHALIOW ◽  
ANDJELJKO PETROVIĆ ◽  
KORANA KOCIĆ ◽  
JELISAVETA ČKRKIĆ ◽  
ANA MITROVSKI BOGDANOVIĆ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Scanning Electron

Although Aphidiinae parasitoids have been used as agents for biocontrol of alfalfa aphids for more than half a century and have been the subject of numerous ecological investigations, there is an evident lack of systematic studies on the parasitoids of aphids infesting alfalfa in Europe. Here we present an original and up-dated key for identification of both native and invasive Aphidiinae parasitoids attacking aphids that feed on alfalfa in Europe. In total, 20 species are keyed and illustrated with scanning electron micrographs and line drawings. 

Study on Mechanical Properties of AA6351 Alloy Reinforced with Titanium Di-Boride (TiB2) Composite by In Situ Casting Method

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 583-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mohanavel ◽  
K. Rajan ◽  
K.R. Senthil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Aluminum Matrix ◽  
Aluminum Matrix Composites ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
In Situ Reaction ◽  
Halide Salts ◽  
Scanning Electron

In the present study, an aluminum alloy AA6351 was reinforced with different percentages (1, 3 and 5 wt %) of TiB2 particles and they were successfully fabricated by in situ reaction of halide salts, potassium hexafluoro-titanate and potassium tetrafluoro-borate, with aluminium melt. Tensile strength, yield strength and hardness of the composite were investigated. In situ reaction between the inorganic salts K2TiF6 and KBF4 to molten aluminum leads to the formation of TiB2 particles. The prepared aluminum matrix composites were characterized using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. Scanning electron micrographs revealed a uniform dispersal of TiB2 particles in the aluminum matrix. The results obtained indicate that the hardness and tensile strength were increased with an increase in weight percentages of TiB2 contents.

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