Styrene Removal from Polluted Air in Biotrickling Filter with Pyrocarbon-Sawdust and Ceramic-Raschig-Rings-Sawdust Packings

2015 ◽  
Vol 737 ◽  
pp. 519-523
Author(s):  
Ai Ling Ren ◽  
Xi Lv ◽  
Bin Guo ◽  
Huan Huan He ◽  
Jin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Biotrickling Filter ◽  
Residence Times ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Biotrickling Filters ◽  
Styrene Removal ◽  
Empty Bed Residence Time

In this paper, a mixed microbial population biotrickling filter (BTF) was investigated for styrene removal with two different packings at different empty bed residence times and gas-liquid ratio(GLR). The two biotrickling filters inoculated with a Pyrocarbon-sawdust and ceramic-raschig-rings-sawdust mixed packings were filled respectively in two identical laboratory-scale biotrickling filters which were operated in parallel. The results showed that the BTF filling with pyrocarbon-sawdust packings had higher rate of bio-film formation and removal efficiency of styrene than that of ceramic-raschig-rings-sawdust packings. When an inlet gas concentration of 50 to 450 mg/m³, an Empty Bed Residence Time (EBRT) of 21.6 to 43.2 s, and a gas-liquid ratio (GLR) of 110.7 to 55.3, a maximum styrene removal load is up to 153.1 g/(m³·h). During shock-load experiments with shutdown, the styrene removal efficiency of the BTF could gradually reach 92 % to 100 % by 14 h.

scholarly journals Odorous Compound Removal Performance and Water Properties of a Biotrickling Filter Installed in a Piggery

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-572
Author(s):  
Tomoko Yasuda ◽  
Miyoko Waki ◽  
Yasuyuki Fukumoto ◽  
Hiroaki Saito ◽  
Hiroki Yokojima
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Dimethyl Disulfide ◽  
Biotrickling Filter ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Pentanoic Acid ◽  
Butanoic Acid ◽  
Odorous Compounds ◽  
Empty Bed Residence Time

Highlights We evaluated the performance of a two-stage biotrickling filter in a pig facility. A short empty bed residence time lowered the secondary filter removal efficiency for many odorous compounds. The removal efficiency of some compounds increased when the pH in the secondary water tank decreased. Low-odor-threshold compounds such as MT, n-BA, n-PA, and p-cresol were indicated as targets for optimization. Abstract . Odor is a major problem in pig production, and it is important to minimize odor emissions. To determine the factors influencing variations in odor removal efficiency, we analyzed the performance of a biotrickling filter installed in growing-finishing pig rooms on a commercial farm. Over 16 months, we conducted measurements of representative odorous compounds, namely sulfur compounds (hydrogen sulfide, methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide, and dimethyl disulfide), volatile fatty acids (propanoic acid, 2-methylpropanoic acid, butanoic acid, 3-methylbutanoic acid, and pentanoic acid), and ammonia. The average removal efficiencies of methanethiol, dimethyl disulfide, volatile fatty acids, and ammonia were 83% to 89%, with 50% for hydrogen sulfide and 18% for dimethyl sulfide. For many, but not all, odorous compounds, removal efficiency declined significantly with decreasing empty bed residence time (EBRT). From an analysis of the correlations of odorous compounds’ removal efficiency with the properties of the trickling water, we hypothesized that water properties such as pH, free ammonia, free nitrous acid, ionic species (Na+, Ca2+) concentrations, temperature, electrical conductivity, and biological oxygen demand, in addition to EBRT, were associated with fluctuations in removal efficiency during full-scale operation. The pH in the secondary water tank was negatively correlated with the removal efficiencies of methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide, butanoic acid, 3-methylbutanoic acid, pentanoic acid, and ammonia. Our identification of key odorous compounds indicates the importance of the secondary filter in odor treatment. Biotrickling filters for air in pig facilities could be further optimized by targeting low-odor-threshold compounds such as methanethiol, butanoic acid, pentanoic acid, and p-cresol, in addition to ammonia. Keywords: Ammonia, Biotrickling filter, Pig facility odor, Sulfur compound, Trickling water, Volatile fatty acid.

Simplified Simulation Model of a Biotrickling Filter Used for the Removal of Hydrogen Sulfide From Biogas

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil K. Dhussa ◽  
Surinder S. Sambi ◽  
Surendra Kumar ◽  
Shashi Kumar ◽  
Jitendra K. Prajapati
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Biotrickling Filter ◽  
Inlet Concentration ◽  
Biofilm Thickness ◽  
Biotrickling Filters ◽  
Bed Height ◽  
Packing Size ◽  
Empty Bed Residence Time ◽  
Good Agreement

Biogas produced by the anaerobic digestion of waste contains approximately 1000-1200 ppmv H2S, which is toxic and corrosive. It is necessary to remove H2S before using the biogas in further application. Biotrickling filters containing immobilized Thiobacillus sp. on inert packings are used extensively in the industries. The design equations for biotrickling filter are complex in nature. A simplified simulation model has been proposed where the complexity of solving the diffusion equation forming a boundary value problem has been avoided by utilizing an approximate general solution available in the literature for this class of problems. The simplified simulation model has been validated with the experimental data, with the analytical solutions available for limiting cases, and with the numerical solution. The results have been found in good agreement for air-H2S system. Further, the performance of an industrial biotrickling filter, designed to treat 10000 m3.day-1 biogas to reduce H2S concentration from 1200 ppmv to 100 ppmv, has been analyzed by studying the effect of packed bed height, inlet concentration of H2S, empty bed residence time of gas, biofilm thickness and packing size on its removal efficiency by using proposed simplified model.

Removal of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia from gas mixtures by co-immobilized cells using a new configuration of two biotrickling filters

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 1353-1359 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ramirez ◽  
J. M. Gómez ◽  
G. Aroca ◽  
D. Cantero
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Biotrickling Filter ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
Thiobacillus Thioparus ◽  
Biotrickling Filters

The simultaneous removal of H2S and NH3 was investigated using two biotrickling filters packed with polyurethane foam cubes. One biotrickling filter was inoculated with Thiobacillus thioparus ATCC 23645 for the removal of H2S (BTT) and the other filter with Nitrosomonas europaea ATCC 19718 for the removal of NH3 (BNE). Three different configurations were studied by modification of the gas line and recirculation medium line. The best results were obtained with the BNE biotrickling filter after the co-immobilization of the two bacteria. A removal efficiency of 100% for 230 ppmv of NH3 and 129 ppmv of H2S was reached at an EBRT of 60 seconds. The results obtained show that it is possible to co-immobilize both microorganisms using the same recirculation medium and remove successfully H2S and NH3 from a gas mixture.

scholarly journals Investigating the species of microorganisms from activated sludge for handling phenol contaminated-air streams in biotrickling filter

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-105
Author(s):  
Anh Thi Kim Nguyen ◽  
Mi Thi Tra Le ◽  
Phu Ly Sy Nguyen ◽  
Nga Diep Yen Dang ◽  
Hien Thi To
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Bacillus Pumilus ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Biotrickling Filter ◽  
Inlet Concentration ◽  
Air Streams ◽  
Removal Equipment

This research aimed at investigating the species of microorganisms from activated sludge is capable of handling gas-containing phenol vapor by means of trickling biofilter. By isolating and culturing microorganisms, two species, Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus thuringiensis, was discovered to dominate in phenol vapor removal equipment with high efficiency (about 90% with B. pumilus strain and 92% with B. thuringiensis strains) at inlet concentration about 650 - 850 mg/Nm3 and air flow of 1.5 L/min. Simultaneously, similar experiments were carried out with mixed microorganisms obtained removal efficiency of more than 80%. This result showed that microorganisms after being isolated gave higher performance than mixture of microorganisms. In particular, strain of B. thuringiensis could handle up to 3600 mg/Nm3 in inlet concentration at about 184.3 gphenolm-3.h-1 elimination capacity when removal efficiency was over 92%.

scholarly journals Biological elimination of a high concentration of hydrogen sulfide from landfill biogas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania Ibrahim ◽  
Abdessamad El Hassni ◽  
Shahram Navaee-Ardeh ◽  
Hubert Cabana
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Biotrickling Filter ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Filter System ◽  
Biotrickling Filters ◽  
In Series ◽  
Maximum Elimination Capacity ◽  
Landfill Biogas

Abstract Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is one of the main contaminants found in biogas which is one of the end products of the anaerobic biodegradation of proteins and other sulfur-containing compounds in solid waste. The presence of H2S is one of the factors limiting the valorization of biogas. To valorize biogas, H2S and other contaminants must be removed. This study evaluated the performance of a pilot-scale biotrickling filter system on H2S removal from landfill biogas. The biotrickling filter system, which was packed with stainless-steel pall rings and inoculated with an H2S-oxidizing consortium, was designed to process 1 to 10 SCFM of biogas and used to determine the removal efficiency of a high concentration of hydrogen sulfide from landfill biogas. The biofiltration system consisted of two biotrickling filters connected in series. Results indicate that the biofiltration system reduced H2S concentration by 94–97% without reduction of the methane concentration in the outlet biogas. The inlet concentration of hydrogen sulfide, supplied to the two-phase bioreactor, was in the range of 900 to 1500 ppmv. The hydraulic retention times (HRT) of the two biotrickling filters were 3.9 and 0.9 min, respectively. Approximately 50 ppmv of H2S gas was detected in the outlet gas. The maximum elimination capacity of the biotrickling filter system was found to be 272 g H2S.m− 3.h− 1. During the biological process, the performance of biotrickling filter was not affected when the pH of the recirculated liquid decreased to 2–3. The overall performance of the biotrickling filter system was described using a modified Michaelis–Menten equation, and the Ks and Vm values for the biosystem were 34.7 ppmv and 200 mg H2S/L.h− 1, respectively.

Study on the Treatment of Nitrogen Oxides by Compound Bio-Filter

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 1824-1828
Author(s):  
Zhi Fei Liu ◽  
De Hong Pang
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Packing Material ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Inlet Concentration ◽  
Trickling Filter ◽  
Spray Volume ◽  
Packing Layer ◽  
Empty Bed Residence Time

Activated carbon and wood chips were applied respectively as packing material of bio-trickling filter and bio-filter which composed the compound bio-filter and the effect of different operating parameters on NOx removal efficiency were studied. The results show that the best operating conditions of the compound bio-filter are: NO inlet concentration 604.5 mg/m3, spray volume 1.2 L/h, gas flow 0.6 m3/h(empty bed residence time 103.7 s).In such cases,NOx removal efficiency is over 96% and NOx removal load of the packing material is 29.66 g/(m3•h) . The remove of NOx is mainly completed by the packing layer of 0~50 cm height both in the bio-trickling filter and in the bio-filter, that is to say ,when the total packing layer height of the compound bio-filter is 100 cm, the purification effect is ideal and economical; The system can return to normal in about 7 hr when the dynamic load changes largely and suddenly, showing that it has strong anti shock load capacity.

Effect of surfactant on styrene removal from waste gas streams in biotrickling filters

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 785-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiantian Song ◽  
Chunping Yang ◽  
Guangming Zeng ◽  
Guanlong Yu ◽  
Chao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Waste Gas ◽  
Biotrickling Filters ◽  
Gas Streams ◽  
Waste Gas Streams ◽  
Styrene Removal

Treatment of air polluted with methanol vapours in biofilters with and without percolationThis article is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue on Biological Air Treatment.

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 1911-1918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Avalos Ramirez ◽  
Sandrine Bénard ◽  
Anne Giroir-Fendler ◽  
J. Peter Jones ◽  
Michèle Heitz
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Elimination Capacity ◽  
Biotrickling Filter ◽  
Filter Performance ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production Rate ◽  
Maximum Elimination Capacity

Air polluted with methanol vapours was treated in a biofilter and a biotrickling filter, both packed with inert materials. The effects of the nitrogen concentration present in the nutrient solution, the empty bed residence time, and the methanol inlet load, on the biofilter and biotrickling filter performance were all examined and compared. The elimination capacity, the biomass and the carbon dioxide production rates all increased with the increase of the parameters tested. The maximum elimination capacity for the biotrickling filter was 240 g·m–3·h–1 with corresponding removal efficiency of 75% and carbon dioxide production rate of 10 g·m–3·h–1, whereas the maximum elimination capacity for the biofilter was 80 g·m–3·h–1 with corresponding removal efficiency of 35% and carbon dioxide production rate of 70 g·m–3·h–1. The biomass production rate was similar for both the biofilter and the biotrickling filter. The carbon dioxide production rate was higher by a factor of 2 to 9 for the biofilter compared to the biotrickling filter.

Control of VOC emissions from a flexographic printing facility using an industrial biotrickling filter

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Sempere ◽  
V. Martínez-Soria ◽  
J. M. Penya-roja ◽  
A. Waalkens ◽  
C. Gabaldón
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Biotrickling Filter ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Industrial Unit ◽  
Flexographic Printing ◽  
Emission Limits ◽  
Empty Bed Residence Time

The study of an industrial unit of biotrickling filter for the treatment of the exhaust gases of a flexographic facility was investigated over a 2-year period with the objective to meet the volatile organic compound (VOC) regulatory emission limits. Increasing the water flow rate from 2 to 40 m3 h−1 improved the performance of the process, meeting the VOC regulation when 40 m3 h−1 were used. An empty bed residence time (EBRT) of 36 s was used when the inlet air temperature was 18.7 °C, and an EBRT as low as 26 s was set when the inlet temperature was 26.8 °C. During this long-term operation, the pressure drop over the column of the bioreactor was completely controlled avoiding clogging problems and the system could perfectly handle the non-working periods without VOC emission, demonstrating its robustness and feasibility to treat the emission of the flexographic sector.

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