Scientific Evolution from Mix – Integrating Mechatronics to Cyber – Intelligent Mechatronics and to Claytronics Science

2016 ◽  
Vol 841 ◽  
pp. 160-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Gheorghe ◽  
Constantin Anghel ◽  
Ilie Iulian
Keyword(s):  
Technological Systems ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Scientific Impact ◽  
Fundamental Knowledge ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Intelligent Products ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scientific Team

This paper presents for the first time national scientific developments and technical-technological systems from Mix – Integrating Mechatronics and Cyber - Intelligent Mechatronics to Claytronics ​​Science by highlighting the fundamental knowledge, concepts and new constructive solutions at micro - nanoscale and their applications in industry , economy and society. As scientific impact of this paper updating the specialists knowledges from Romania to the latest research directions from the intelligent specailized domain of Mix - Integrating Mechatronics in Intelligent Mechatronics, and Cyber - Intelligent Mechatronics to Claytronics ​​Science , for manufacturing new smart and hiper intelligent products demanded by the New Knowledge for New Society. The paper presents the contribution of scientific team in development of new systems and and intelligent cyber – mechatronics equipments transferred and implemented in industry and in the economy in Romania.

Evidence for direct transmission of the cat lungworm Troglostrongylus brevior (Strongylida: Crenosomatidae)

Parasitology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 140 (7) ◽  
pp. 821-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
EMANUELE BRIANTI ◽  
GABRIELLA GAGLIO ◽  
ETTORE NAPOLI ◽  
LUIGI FALSONE ◽  
SALVATORE GIANNETTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Observational Evidence ◽  
Direct Transmission ◽  
Emerging Pathogens ◽  
Troglostrongylus Brevior ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Paratenic Hosts ◽  
First Time

SUMMARYMetastrongyloids of cats are emerging pathogens that may cause fatal broncho-pulmonary disease. Infestation of definitive hosts occurs after ingestion of intermediate or paratenic hosts. Among metastrongyloids of cats, Troglostrongylus brevior and Troglostrongylus subcrenatus (Strongylida: Crenosomatidae) have recently been described as agents of severe broncho-pulmonary disease. Here, we provide, for the first time, observational evidence suggesting the direct transmission of T. brevior from queen cat to suckling kittens. This new knowledge will have a significant impact on current scientific information of this parasite and shed new light into the biology and epidemiology of metastrongyloid nematodes.

Pattern-Based Tool Design for Shared Knowledge Construction

2010 ◽  
pp. 19-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Lukosch
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Construction ◽  
Development Process ◽  
End Users ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Shared Understanding ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Future Research Directions

Shared knowledge construction aims at supporting the creation and gathering of new knowledge. It relies on tools for computer-mediated interaction. The design and development of these tools is difficult, as not only the interaction of one user with the tool but also the interaction among the users themselves has to be taken into account. For designing and developing successful tools, it is crucial to involve end-users in the development process and to create shared understanding of the requirements as well as the solutions among the end-users and developers. In this chapter, the author analyzes the problems when developing tools for computer-mediated interaction in general and present a novel pattern-based approach for supporting developers as well as integrating end-users in the development process. The author shows the applicability of this approach by introducing tools for shared knowledge construction and describing their pattern-based design. The author concludes by giving an outlook on future research directions.

Electric features of dislocations and electric force between dislocations

2020 ◽  
pp. 108128652096564
Author(s):  
Yuanjie Huang
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Dislocation Motion ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Dislocation Dynamics ◽  
Electric Force ◽  
Fundamental Knowledge ◽  
Large Dielectric Constant ◽  
Net Charges ◽  
First Time

Dislocations and dislocation dynamics are the cores of material plasticity. In this work, the electric features of dislocations were investigated theoretically. An intrinsic electric field around a single dislocation was revealed. In addition to the well-known Peach–Koehler force, it was established that an important intrinsic electric force exists between dislocations, which is uncovered here for the first time and has been neglected since the discovery of dislocations. The electric forces may be large and sometimes could exceed the Peach–Koehler force for metals and some dielectric materials with large dielectric constant. Therefore, the electric force is anticipated to play a vital role in dislocation dynamics and material plasticity. Moreover, an external electric field could exert an electric force on dislocations and a threshold electric field was subsequently discovered above which this force enables dislocations to glide. Interestingly, it was found that some dislocations move in one direction, but others move in reverse in an identical electric field, which is in agreement with experimental observations. Despite dislocation motion under an electric field, to one’s surprise, both edge and screw dislocations do not carry net charges by themselves, which may tackle the long-standing puzzle on the charges of dislocations. These findings may supply people with new fundamental knowledge on dislocations as well as dislocation dynamics, and may assist people in understanding related phenomena.

The Phenolyzer Suite: Prioritizing the Candidate Genes Involved in Microtia

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 556-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang Xin ◽  
Wang Changchen ◽  
Liu Lei ◽  
Yang Meirong ◽  
Zhang Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Single Nucleotide Variants ◽  
Gene Score ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Score System ◽  
Pathogenic Genes ◽  
First Time

Objective: Microtia is a congenital malformation of the external ear. Great progress about the genetic of microtia has been made in recent years. This article was to prioritize the potential candidate pathogenic genes of microtia based on existing studies and reports, with the purpose of narrowing the range of following study scientifically and quickly. Method: A computational tool called Phenolyzer (phenotype-based gene analyzer) was used to prioritize microtia genes. Microtia, as a query term, was input in the interface of Phenolyzer. After several steps, including disease match, gene query, gene score system, seed gene growth, and gene ranking, the final results about genetic information of microtia were provided. Then we tracked details of the top 10 genes ranked by Phenolyzer on the basis of previous reports. Results: We detected 10 348 genes associated with microtia or related syndromes, and 78 genes of those genes belonged to seed genes. Every gene was given a score, and the gene with higher scores was more likely influence microtia. The top 10 ranked genes included HOXA2, CHD7, CDT1, ORC1, ORC4, ORC6, CDC6, MED12, TWIST1, and GLI3. Otherwise, four gene-gene interactions were displayed. Conclusion: This article prioritized candidate genes of microtia for the first time. High-throughput methods provide tens of thousands of single-nucleotide variants, indels, and structural variants, and only a handful are relevant to microtia or associated syndromes. Combine the ranked potential pathogenic genes list from Phenolyzer with the results of samples provided by high-throughput methods, and more precise research directions are presented.

Decontamination of the Special Drainage System at NPP A-1

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ján Rezbárik ◽  
Dušan Majerský ◽  
Stanislav Sekely
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Technological Systems ◽  
Solid Product ◽  
High Tendency ◽  
First Time

Abstract The first Czecho-slovak nuclear power plant A-1 was shut down after an accident in 1977 and it is now under decommissioning. In spite of that, some technological systems in nuclear power plant must remain in operation. The planned service life of these systems has already been exceeded and their technical design is not suitable for present requirements. These operated technological systems must be repaired and reconstructed. The special drainage system is one of the technological systems that must be in operation during the decommissioning process. After twenty-nine-year’-s of operation it became necessary to carry out the repairs, adaptations and replacements of some parts of this system with the aim to ensure more reliable operation and higher safety. Radioactive sludge from the bottom of the collecting tank and drain pit was pumped out using an ejector and it was caught in drums. The fixed contamination on the inner surface of the collecting tank was removed by the chemical loop decontamination method using an external circulating decontamination device. The surface of the drain pit was decontaminated with evenly spread decontamination gel that disrupted the fixed contamination. The contamination was then washed down using a water jet system with attached rotary brushes. At NPP A-1, an immobilisation method for the treatment of radioactive sludge and solid particles based on the addition of silicates was successfully used by AllDeco for the first time. This sludge is often sticky with the high tendency to settle out the liquid and has a specific activity three orders of magnitude higher than are the limits for the Conditioning Centre (with high content of alpha radionuclides) and because it is not sound and effective to treat it by technologies generally used for another type of wastes. The immobilisation of the sludge was performed at room temperature. The resulting solid product has suitable properties for temporary storage. Procedures for the verification of the treatment of further sludge from NPP A-1 have been started.

scholarly journals Microbial Cleavage of C‒F Bonds in Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances via Dehalorespiration

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaochun Yu ◽  
Kunyang Zhang ◽  
Zhong Li ◽  
Changxu Ren ◽  
Jinyong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Dissociation Energy ◽  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Bond Cleavage ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Enoic Acid ◽  
Scientific Question ◽  
Fundamental Knowledge ◽  
Polyfluoroalkyl Substances ◽  
First Time

Regarding the emerging concerns of the widely occurred and environmentally persistent per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), one intriguing and unsolved scientific question for environmental microbiologists, chemists, and engineers is that whether microbial reductive defluorination of perfluorinated compounds exist in nature. Due to the strong dissociation energy of carbon‒fluorine (C‒F) bonds in PFASs, no convincing evidence for biological cleavage of C‒F bonds from > C<sub>2</sub> perfluorinated structures has ever been reported. We for the first time show C‒F bond cleavage via reductive defluorination by an organohalide-respiring microbial community for two PFASs, perfluoro(4-methylpent-2-enoic acid) and 4,5,5,5-tetrafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pentenoic acid. Comprehensive biotransformation pathways are further elucidated. This study brings valuable fundamental knowledge of microbial dehalorespiration, which opens avenues for the future exploration of PFAS environmental fate and bioremediation strategies.

scholarly journals A Psycholinguistic Analysis of the First Ukrainian Syllabi on General and Special Methodology of Translation by Mykhailo Kalynovych and Mykola Zerov

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lada Kolomiyets
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Communicative Action ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
The Political ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
General Methodology ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Research ◽  
First Time

The article studies and discusses the programs of interrelated lecture courses on General and Special Methodology of Translation, developed for the Ukrainian Institute of Linguistic Education by its professors Mykhailo Kalynovych and Mykola Zerov in September 1932. This material is analyzed from the perspective of psycholinguistic text theory, according to which the text is the basic unit of discourse that, in turn, is a component of communicative action, along with the situation. The study focuses on the micro- and macrotext structure of the above programs and highlights the peculiarities of their communicative intentions in the political and social reality of early Stalinism. It features the unique, innovative elements in them, but also those that were typical of the early Soviet theory of translation. For the first time not only in Ukrainian but also in the All-Union thought on translation, Kalynovych and Zerov presented in their integrated courses the ramified structure of Translation Studies as a multifaceted discipline. They introduced into the discipline novel methodology and new research directions, particularly by creating such areas as the history of translation studies and translation management. The material of Zerov's syllabus on Special Methodology of Translation is first published and discussed in this article. The typewritten text of the syllabus remained unknown until the author of the article found and identified it in the Archives of the Literary Museum of Hryhoriy Kochur, who had been a student of Zerov at the Kyiv Institute of Public Education and further remained his faithful follower. During the Khrushchev thaw, Kochur made many efforts to rehabilitate the name of Zerov – a distinguished literary scholar, lecturer, and poet-translator. The syllabus on General Methodology of Translation outlined by professor Kalynovych was found earlier in the same Archives and published in 2015. However, this article pioneers its presentation and analysis in mutual complementarity with the syllabus by Zerov.   

scholarly journals Local Scour for Vertical Piles in Steady Currents: Review of Mechanisms, Influencing Factors and Empirical Equations

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingchen Liang ◽  
Shengtao Du ◽  
Xinying Pan ◽  
Libang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Local Scour ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scour Depth ◽  
Empirical Equations ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Fundamental Knowledge ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Flow Intensity ◽  
Bridge Failure

Scour induced by currents is one of the main causes of the bridge failure in rivers. Fundamental knowledge and mechanisms on scour processes due to currents are often taken as a basis for scour studies, which are the focus of this review. Scour development induced by waves and in combined wave–current conditions are also briefly discussed. For the design of structure foundations, the maximum scour depths need to be estimated. The mechanisms of local scour and predictions of maximum local scour depths have been studied extensively for many years. Despite the complexity of the scour process, a lot of satisfying results and progresses have been achieved by many investigators. In order to get a comprehensive review of local scour for vertical piles, major progresses made by researchers are summarized in this review. In particular, maximum scour depth influencing factors including flow intensity, sediments, pile parameters and time are analyzed with experimental data. A few empirical equations referring to temporary scour depth and maximum scour depth were classified with their expressing forms. Finally, conclusions and future research directions are addressed.

Microbial Cleavage of C‒F Bonds in Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances via Dehalorespiration

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaochun Yu ◽  
Kunyang Zhang ◽  
Zhong Li ◽  
Changxu Ren ◽  
Jinyong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Dissociation Energy ◽  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Bond Cleavage ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Enoic Acid ◽  
Scientific Question ◽  
Fundamental Knowledge ◽  
Polyfluoroalkyl Substances ◽  
First Time

Regarding the emerging concerns of the widely occurred and environmentally persistent per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), one intriguing and unsolved scientific question for environmental microbiologists, chemists, and engineers is that whether microbial reductive defluorination of perfluorinated compounds exist in nature. Due to the strong dissociation energy of carbon‒fluorine (C‒F) bonds in PFASs, no convincing evidence for biological cleavage of C‒F bonds from > C<sub>2</sub> perfluorinated structures has ever been reported. We for the first time show C‒F bond cleavage via reductive defluorination by an organohalide-respiring microbial community for two PFASs, perfluoro(4-methylpent-2-enoic acid) and 4,5,5,5-tetrafluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pentenoic acid. Comprehensive biotransformation pathways are further elucidated. This study brings valuable fundamental knowledge of microbial dehalorespiration, which opens avenues for the future exploration of PFAS environmental fate and bioremediation strategies.

From Open Science to Open Innovation

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
Henry Chesbrough
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Fundamental Knowledge ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
Innovation Culture ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Project ◽  
Strong Culture ◽  
Valley Of Death ◽  
New Discovery

Open science is a powerful way to discover and disseminate new knowledge. But the very norms that animate open science can sometimes inhibit its subsequent commercialization. There exists a Valley of Death between the culmination of a scientific project, and the later commercial use of that science. While a fundamental knowledge of how a technology works may have been achieved, there is far too little known for businesses to invest in developing that knowledge further. And the best use of a new discovery often is unknown to those who first discover it. This is where open science must start to give way to Open Innovation. IMEC and CERN’s ATTRACT project provide two examples wherein a strong culture of open science co-exists with a thriving Open Innovation culture as well to traverse the Valley of Death

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document