Influence of Shield Tunneling on a Nearby Buried Pipeline

2011 ◽  
Vol 90-93 ◽  
pp. 1840-1845
Author(s):  
Da Yong Li ◽  
Li Xue Cao ◽  
De Wei Fan
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Foundation ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Buried Pipeline ◽  
Shearing Force ◽  
Shield Tunneling ◽  
Maximum Settlement ◽  
Beam On Elastic Foundation ◽  
Set Up

The influence of shield tunneling on a nearby buried pipeline is studied by using the analytical method. Equations of displacements, rotations, bending moments, and shearing forces of a buried pipeline are set up respectively on the base of the theory of Winkler’s beam on elastic foundation. It shows the maximum settlement of the buried pipeline occurs in its middle span. Both the maximum bending moment and the shearing force of a buried pipeline take place at its two ends. The diffusion angle of the subgrade and the buried depth of the buried pipeline play an important role in the behavior of the buried pipeline.

scholarly journals An Efficient Analytical Method for Vibration Analysis of a Beam on Elastic Foundation with Elastically Restrained Ends

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Özgür Yayli ◽  
Murat Aras ◽  
Süleyman Aksoy
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Foundation ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Beam On Elastic Foundation ◽  
Fourier Sine Series ◽  
Governing Differential Equation ◽  
General Frequency ◽  
Elastically Restrained ◽  
Foundation Parameters ◽  
Euler Bernoulli Beam

An efficient analytical method for vibration analysis of a Euler-Bernoulli beam on elastic foundation with elastically restrained ends has been reported. A Fourier sine series with Stoke’s transformation is used to obtain the vibration response. The general frequency determinant is developed on the basis of the analytical solution of the governing differential equation for all potential solution cases with rigid or restrained boundary conditions. Numerical analyses are performed to investigate the effects of various parameters, such as the springs at the boundaries to examine how the elastic foundation parameters affect the vibration frequencies.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL AND ANALYTICAL COMPARISON OF TORSION, BENDING MOMENT AND SHEAR FORCES IN REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS USING BS 8110, EURO CODE 2 AND ACI 318 PROVISIONS

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 705-711
Author(s):  
CP Amulu ◽  
CA Ezeagu
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Beams ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Shear Forces ◽  
Combined Loads ◽  
Angle Crack ◽  
Set Up

This study investigated the effect of combined actions of torsional moments, bending moments and shear forces in reinforced concrete beams with concrete compressive strength of 30N/mm2.The ultimate torsional moments, bending moments, and shear forces of the beams were determined experimentally, through a simple test arrangement set-up on fifteen beam specimens grouped from BC1 to BC5, three beam specimens in each group. The combined loads were induced by loading the test beams at an eccentricity of  from the beam’s principal axis at the mid-span, using Computerized Universal Testing Machine TUE-C-100. BS 8110, Euro code 2 and ACI 318 were used to calculate the ultimate torsional moments provided by both longitudinal and transverse reinforcements, bending moments and shear forces induced. The values obtained from the codes were compared with those of experimental results for validation. It was observed that Eurocode 2 predicted the highest bending moment of 21.1530kNm, the highest torsional moments of 9.8470kNm and 12.6193kNm, for torsional resistance provided by longitudinal and transverse reinforcements respectively, at an angle crack of 45°, while BS 8110 predicted the least values. ACI 318 predicted the highest value of internal shear forces that the beams possessed before yielding to the applied loads. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i3.7

Vehicle Load Distribution Under Timber Mats and Flexible Slab

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin B. Zand
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Foundation ◽  
Load Distribution ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Point Load ◽  
Buried Pipeline ◽  
Surface Loading ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Continuous Contact ◽  
Conventional Vehicle ◽  
Beam On Elastic Foundation

Abstract Pipeline operators commonly use means of temporary crossing such as timber-mat, airbridge, and slab to reduce surface loading induced stresses in a buried pipeline at locations where a heavy vehicle crosses the buried pipeline. When a temporary crossing has a continuous contact with soil, (e.g. timber mat, flexible slab) load distribution over the ground surface is not immediately known. Load distribution under a timber-mat or flexible slab is a function of the slab to soil stiffness ratio. The load distribution tends to become more uniform with increasing timber-mat or slab stiffness. In this work an analytical model using beam-on-elastic-foundation has been developed and Laplace transform has been utilized to find the solution and apply free-end boundary conditions. The analytical solution can be used for any arbitrary load distribution over a beam-on-elastic foundation. In this work the solution for a point load and a partially distributed uniform load were employed as these scenarios can accurately represent conventional vehicle foot-prints, while being computationally efficient. The analytical solutions are compared to finite element analysis to validate the model. This model can be used in conjunction with the Canadian Energy Pipeline Association (CEPA) surface loading calculator (or similar tools) to analyze pipeline encroachment problems when means of temporary crossing is installed. This model can help the operators determine dimensions and bending stiffness of timber-mat or flexible slab to assure a desirable load distribution will be achieved. The model can also be used for structural analysis of a timber-mat or flexible slab under vehicular load.

scholarly journals Estimating Track Capacity Based on Rail Stresses and Metal Fatigue

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Y. Jeong ◽  
A. Benjamin Perlman
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Foundation ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Height Loss ◽  
Metal Fatigue ◽  
Rail Head ◽  
Beam On Elastic Foundation ◽  
Structural Capacity ◽  
Head Height

This paper describes a framework to evaluate the structural capacity of railroad track to train-induced loads. The framework is applied to estimate structural performance in terms of allowable limits for crosstie spacing. Evaluation of the load-carrying capacity of track is conducted by examining the state of stress in the rail. Rail stresses are estimated by superimposing the contributions from different sources: (1) live-load stresses, (2) thermal stresses, and (3) residual stresses. Rail bending and thermal stresses are calculated based on assuming that the rail behaves as a beam supported by a linear elastic foundation. The classical beam on elastic foundation analysis is modified in the present work to account for crosstie spacing that exceeds the limits of the classical theory. Finite element methods are used to develop an amplification factor on the bending moment calculated from beam on elastic foundation theory, which is applied when the spacing between crossties becomes discrete and the foundation support is no longer considered as continuous. The rail stress analysis is then used in conjunction with a failure criterion based on the formation and growth of internal defects in rail due to the repeated passage of wheels, i.e. metal fatigue. A similar methodology was applied in previous work to estimate allowable limits for rail head wear in terms of vertical head-height loss and gage-face side wear. Moreover, allowable limits estimated from this methodology are inherently linked with the frequency of rail testing to detect internal rail head defects and mitigate the likelihood of accidents from broken rails. The analyses described in this paper depend on various assumptions regarding operational, structural and environmental factors. These factors include vehicle weight, train speed, rail size, foundation modulus, temperature differential (i.e. difference between the rail temperature and the stress-free or neutral temperature), and rail test interval (i.e. tonnage between rail tests). Sensitivity studies are conducted to examine the relative effect of these factors on the estimation of maximum free span between effective ties. In addition, results from applying the methodology described in this paper are compared to the limits specified in the current track safety regulations.

Study on Buried Pipeline Floatation Response Induced by Soil Liquefaction

2014 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 820-824
Author(s):  
Su Nan Deng ◽  
Wen Tao Peng ◽  
Jun Qi Lin
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Foundation ◽  
Axial Force ◽  
Virtual Work ◽  
Soil Liquefaction ◽  
Initial Deformation ◽  
Beam Model ◽  
Buried Pipeline ◽  
Beam On Elastic Foundation ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Element Method

On the basis of Virtual Work, in this paper, the formulae are deduced for the floatation response of buried pipeline duo to the soil liquefaction. A beam model based on the theory of beam on elastic foundation is used for the pipeline buried in non-liquefied and liquefied area, considering the effects of nonlinear soil constraint and the initial deformation, the length of liquefied area, and the axial force acting on the pipeline. The study of floatation response of buried pipeline are conducted using the nonlinear increment element method, some results are given.

Buckling Behavior of Tire Breaker Structure

1983 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-19
Author(s):  
T. Akasaka ◽  
S. Yamazaki ◽  
K. Asano
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Foundation ◽  
Elastic Moduli ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Automobile Tire ◽  
Buckling Behavior ◽  
Post Buckling ◽  
Steel Cord ◽  
Interlaminar Shear

Abstract The buckled wave length and the critical in-plane bending moment of laminated long composite strips of cord-reinforced rubber sheets on an elastic foundation is analyzed by Galerkin's method, with consideration of interlaminar shear deformation. An approximate formula for the wave length is given in terms of cord angle, elastic moduli of the constituent rubber and steel cord, and several structural dimensions. The calculated wave length for a 165SR13 automobile tire with steel breakers (belts) was very close to experimental results. An additional study was then conducted on the post-buckling behavior of a laminated biased composite beam on an elastic foundation. This beam is subjected to axial compression. The calculated relationship between the buckled wave rise and the compressive membrane force also agreed well with experimental results.

scholarly journals Analytical Method for Geometric Nonlinear Problems Based on Offshore Derricks

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 610
Author(s):  
Chunbao Li ◽  
Hui Cao ◽  
Mengxin Han ◽  
Pengju Qin ◽  
Xiaohui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Nonlinear Problems ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Order Effect ◽  
Practical Calculation ◽  
Geometrically Nonlinear ◽  
Uniform Load ◽  
Safety Research ◽  
Calculation Results

The marine derrick sometimes operates under extreme weather conditions, especially wind; therefore, the buckling analysis of the components in the derrick is one of the critical contents of engineering safety research. This paper aimed to study the local stability of marine derrick and propose an analytical method for geometrically nonlinear problems. The rod in the derrick is simplified as a compression rod with simply supported ends, which is subjected to transverse uniform load. Considering the second-order effect, the differential equations were used to establish the deflection, rotation angle, and bending moment equations of the derrick rod under the lateral uniform load. This method was defined as a geometrically nonlinear analytical method. Moreover, the deflection deformation and stability of the derrick members were analyzed, and the practical calculation formula was obtained. The Ansys analysis results were compared with the calculation results in this paper.

Large Deflection of a Rectangular Plate Resting on a Pasternak-Type Elastic Foundation

1977 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Rectangular Plate ◽  
Elastic Foundation ◽  
Large Deflection ◽  
Lateral Load ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Shear Forces ◽  
Simply Supported ◽  
Base Parameters ◽  
Square Plate

The problem of large deflection of a rectangular plate resting on a Pasternak-type foundation and subjected to a uniform lateral load has been investigated by utilizing the linearized equation of plates due to H. M. Berger. The solutions derived and based on the effect of the two base parameters have been carried to practical conclusions by presenting graphs for bending moments and shear forces for a square plate with all edges simply supported.

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