Influence of Moisture Content in some Mechanical Properties of Two Brazilian Tropical Wood Species

2014 ◽  
Vol 1025-1026 ◽  
pp. 42-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz A. Melgaço N. Branco ◽  
Eduardo Chahud ◽  
André Luis Christoforo ◽  
Francisco Antonio Rocco Lahr ◽  
Rosane A.G. Battistelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Wood Species ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Tropical Wood ◽  
Fiber Saturation ◽  
Brazilian Standard

This study aimed, with the aid of analysis of variance (ANOVA), to investigate and quantify the influence of moisture ranging between 12% and over 30% (fiber saturation) on the mechanical properties: strength and modulus of elasticity in compression and in tension parallel to grain; modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity in static bending; shear strength parallel to grain considering wood species Ipê (Tabebuia sp) and Angelim Araroba (Vataireopsis araroba). Tests were performed according to the assumptions and calculating methods Brazilian standard ABNT NBR 7190, Anexx B, totalizing 400 tests. Results of ANOVA revealed a significant reduction (16% on average) for mechanical properties wood due to the increase in moisture content from 12% to over 30% (fiber saturation). The same behavior also occurred when assembly containing the two species was considered.

Mechanical properties of Ficus vallis-choudae (Delile), a lesser utilized species in Nigeria

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 6550-6560
Author(s):  
Lawrence Aguda ◽  
Babatunde Ajayi ◽  
Sylvester Areghan ◽  
Yetunde Olayiwola ◽  
Aina Kehinde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Impact Bending ◽  
Timber Market

Declining availability of the prime economic species in the Nigerian timber market has led to the introduction of Lesser-Used Species (LUS) as alternatives. Their acceptability demands information on the technical properties of their wood. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanical properties of Ficus vallis-choudae to determine its potential for timber. Three mature Ficus vallis-choudae trees were selected and harvested from a free forest area in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Samples were collected from the base (10%), middle (50%), and top (90%) along the sampling heights of each tree, which was further partitioned into innerwood, centrewood, and outerwood across the sampling radial position. Investigations were carried out to determine the age, density, moisture content, impact strength, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, compressive strength parallel-to-grain, and shear strength parallel-to-grain. The mean impact bending strength, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, maximum shear strength parallel-to-grain, and maximum compression strength parallel-to-grain for Ficus vallis-choudae at 12% moisture content were 20.4 N/mm2, 85.8 N/mm2, 709 N/mm2, 10.7 N/mm2, and 33.6 N/mm2, respectively. The study found the species to be dense with high strength properties in comparison with well-known timbers used for constructional purposes.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Commercial Particleboard from Rubberwood (Hevea Brasiliensis) and Recycle Mix-Tropical Wood with Different Board Density

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Nur Wafa Amalina Amali ◽  
Nor Yuziah Mohd Yunus ◽  
Wan Mohd Nazri Wan Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Wood Particle ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Internal Bonding ◽  
Board Density ◽  
Tropical Wood ◽  
Minimum Requirements

In this study, mechanical properties of commercially manufactured hybrid particleboard from mix-tropical wood and rubberwood with four different densities at 25mm thickness have been investigated. The particleboard sample cutting and testing was in accordance to EN312:2013. The density of particleboard is identified with interval of 10kg/m3 for different densities which include 660kg/m3, 670kg/m3, 680kg/m3 and 690kg/m3. Particleboards were made with the ratio of 40:60 for mix-tropical wood particle and rubberwood particle respectively. The particleboards were prepared with urea formaldehyde (UF) with E1 formulation with addition of wax and hardener.  Increment of 10kg/m3 density for each particleboard led to increase in internal bonding (IB), bending testing include modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE), surface soundness (SS) and screw edge (SE) withdrawal. It was found that with board increment of 10kg/m3, the improvement was not statically significant except that for MOR. All panels met the minimum requirements of standard.

scholarly journals Physical and mechanical properties of impregnated polystyrene jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) glulam

2021 ◽  
Vol 891 (1) ◽  
pp. 012007
Author(s):  
Y S Hadi ◽  
E N Herliyana ◽  
I M Sulastiningsih ◽  
E Basri ◽  
R Pari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Glued Laminated Timber ◽  
Anthocephalus Cadamba

Abstract Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) laminas were impregnated with polystyrene and reached 21.2% polymer loading. The laminas were manufactured for three-layer glued laminated timber (glulam) using isocyanate glue with glue spread 280 g/m2 and cold-press process. For comparison purposes, untreated glulam as control and also solid wood were prepared. The physical-mechanical properties were evaluated according to the Japanese Agricultural Standard (JAS) 234-2003. The results showed that the color of glulam was not different from polystyrene glulam. The density of polystyrene glulam was higher than untreated glulam and solid wood, but the moisture content was lower than the other. The product kinds of solid wood, untreated glulam, and polystyrene glulam did not affect shear strength and modulus of rupture (MOR), while the modulus of elasticity (MOE) of untreated glulam and hardness of polystyrene glulam were the highest values and the other products were not different one each other. Both kinds of glulam fulfilled the Japanese standard in terms of moisture content, MOR, and delamination in hot water, but MOE and shear strength did not. Regarding its advantages, polystyrene glulam could be further developed using a higher wood density.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PERENDAMAN PARTIKEL TERHADAP SIFAT FISIS DAN MEKANIS PAPAN PARTIKEL DARI AMPAS TEBU (Saccharum officinarum)

PERENNIAL ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Apri Heri Iswanto ◽  
Zahrial Coto ◽  
Kurniawansyah Effendy
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Internal Bond ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Holding Power

The objective of this research is to research the effect of particle soaking to physical and mechanical properties particleboard that resulted. The best result of particleboard is particleboard with treatment of hot water soaking. From this result obtained average of physical properties of particleboard (i.e. density, moisture content, water absorption, and thickness swelling) are 0.7 g/cm3; 9.58%; 52.27%; 10.05%. While the result average of mechanical properties of particleboard (i.e. Modulus of Rupture, Modulus of Elasticity, Internal Bond and Screw Holding Power) are 118.79 kg/cm2; 8.909 kg/cm2; 1.85 kg/cm2; 28.40 kg. Key words: Soaking, bagasse, particleboard, physical and mechanical properties References

scholarly journals Influence of moisture content on physical and mechanical properties of Cedrelinga catenaeformis wood

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 6758-6765
Author(s):  
Larissa Soriani Zanini Ribeiro Soares ◽  
Iuri Fazolin Fraga ◽  
Lucimar de Souza e Paula ◽  
Felipe Nascimento Arroyo ◽  
Heloiza Candeia Ruthes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Condition ◽  
Direction Parallel ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Content Variation ◽  
Brazilian Standard

This study aimed to investigate the influence of moisture content variation on 12 mechanical properties of the Cedrelinga catenaeformis species. Of the 12 properties, four were significantly affected (based on analysis of variance at 5% significance level), and the compression and shear strengths in the direction parallel to the fibers exhibited the greatest difference in values from the saturated moisture condition of up to 12% (approximately 34% increase). Toughness exhibited a behavior different from that predicted by the normative equation, in which increase in moisture content implied increase (approximately 59%) of the property studied. Because a good part of the properties was not significantly affected and Brazilian standard ABNT NBR 7190 (1997) considers expressions that lead to a considerable increase in mechanical properties with the reduction of moisture content, this approach was unfavorable to the safety of the project, motivating the development of other studies to collaborate in revisions of this normative document.

Effect of Compression Ratio and Lay Angle of Metal Net on the Mechanical Properties of Metal Net-LVL Composite

2011 ◽  
Vol 418-420 ◽  
pp. 505-508
Author(s):  
Jin Li ◽  
Ying Cheng Hu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Horizontal Shear ◽  
Fast Growing

In order to improve the mechanical strength of LVL, metal net was inserted into the LVL (metal net-LVL composite) made of fast-growing poplar. In this study, the effects of compression ratio and lay angle of metal net (which is lay angle for short in this paper) on the mechanical properties of the metal net-LVL composite was investigated in a comparative way. In order to find out the optimum compression ratio and lay angle, the modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE) and horizontal shear strength of the metal net-LVL composite were tested. The results showed that the effects of the compression ratio on MOR, MOE and horizontal shear strength were significant, with increasing of compression ratio, the values of MOR and MOE showed an earlier raised and later decreased state, and had the maximum values at 31%. The effects of lay angle on MOR and MOE were significant, the values of MOR and MOE increased first and then decreased with lay angle increasing, and the maximum values were obtained at 20°, though there were no significant effects on horizontal shear strength, there were the maximum values at 20°. Therefore, when the compression ratio was 31% and the lay angle was 20°, the metal net-LVL composite could obtain the optimal overall mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Characterisation of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Unthinned and Unpruned Plantation-Grown Eucalyptus nitens H.Deane & Maiden Lumber

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Derikvand ◽  
Nathan Kotlarewski ◽  
Michael Lee ◽  
Hui Jiao ◽  
Gregory Nolan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Eucalyptus Nitens ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Bending Modulus ◽  
Small Wood

The use of fast-growing plantation eucalypt (i.e., pulpwood eucalypt) in the construction of high-value structural products has received special attention from the timber industry in Australia and worldwide. There is still, however, a significant lack of knowledge regarding the physical and mechanical properties of the lumber from such plantation resources as they are mainly being managed to produce woodchips. In this study, the physical and mechanical properties of lumber from a 16-year-old pulpwood Eucalyptus nitens H.Deane & Maiden resource from the northeast of Tasmania, Australia was evaluated. The tests were conducted on 318 small wood samples obtained from different logs harvested from the study site. The tested mechanical properties included bending modulus of elasticity (10,377.7 MPa) and modulus of rupture (53 MPa), shear strength parallel (5.5 MPa) and perpendicular to the grain (8.5 MPa), compressive strength parallel (42.8 MPa) and perpendicular to the grain (4.1 MPa), tensile strength perpendicular to the grain (3.4 MPa), impact bending (23.6 J/cm2), cleavage (1.6 kN) and Janka hardness (23.2 MPa). Simple linear regression models were developed using density and moisture content to predict the mechanical properties. The variations in the moisture content after conventional kiln drying within randomly selected samples in each test treatment were not high enough to significantly influence the mechanical properties. A relatively high variation in the density values was observed that showed significant correlations with the changes in the mechanical properties. The presence of knots increased the shear strength both parallel and perpendicular to the grain and significantly decreased the tensile strength of the lumber. The results of this study created a profile of material properties for the pulpwood E. nitens lumber that can be used for numerical modelling of any potential structural product from such a plantation resource.

scholarly journals Investigation of the fiber saturation point of tropical Brazilian wood species

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 5379-5387
Author(s):  
Tiago H. Almeida ◽  
Diego H. Almeida ◽  
Vinicius B. M. Aquino ◽  
Eduardo Chahud ◽  
Roberto V. Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Wood Species ◽  
Wood Specimen ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Fiber Saturation Point ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Saturation Point ◽  
Fiber Saturation ◽  
Standard Code ◽  
Brazilian Standard

The fiber saturation point (FSP) is an important parameter of wood material, related to dimensional stability and variations of mechanical performance. This paper investigated the FSP values of 15 tropical Brazilian wood species covering all strength classes of the Brazilian standard code. An additional goal was to estimate FSP value based on the wood’s apparent density. The FSP values were determined by measuring the wood specimen dimensions during moisture content reduction from the saturated state. Wood densities at 0% and 12% moisture contents and basic density were determined according to the Brazilian standard code. The average FSP for all wood species was 21.6% moisture content. Among density values, good correlations were observed, and a multivariate regression model for FSP estimation based on wood densities presented a coefficient of determination equal to 13.07%. There was no correlation between FSP and wood densities, suggesting that this parameter is almost constant regardless of the wood species.

Study on the Fire Retardant Treatment Technologies of Bamboo Particleboard

2014 ◽  
Vol 1051 ◽  
pp. 273-277
Author(s):  
Chun Gui Du ◽  
Jian Gang Song
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Internal Bond ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thickness Swell ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Treatment Technologies

This paper presents a study on the different fire retardant treatment technologies influence on the physical and mechanical properties of bamboo particleboard. The results showed: the properties of bamboo particleboard would change with changing of fire retardant treatment technology; among them the treated technology of fire retardant spraying after resin blending had larger changed; compared with non-fire retardant bamboo particleboard, the density and moisture content (MC) and 2h thickness swell (2h TS) of fire retardant bamboo particleboard had a little improved, and their internal bond (IB) and modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) had slightly reduced.

scholarly journals Sifat Kayu Lapis yang Dibuat dari Lima Jenis Kayu Asal Riau

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-663
Author(s):  
Achmad Supriadi ◽  
Deazy Rachmi Trisatya ◽  
Ignasia Maria Sulastiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Wood Species ◽  
Bonding Strength ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The objective of this study was to determine the physical and mechanical properties of plywood made of punak (Tetramerista glabra Miq.), meranti bunga (Shorea teysmanniana Dyer ex Brandis), mempisang (Alphonsea spp.), suntai (Palaqium burckii H.J.L.), and pasak linggo (Aglaia argentea Blume). Liquid urea formaldehyde (UF) was used as an adhesive. Data analysis was carried out using a completely randomized design. Results showed that the moisture content and density of plywood produced in this study were around 10.4-10.95% and 0.65 to 0.93 g/cm3, respectively. The modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) of plywood produced were between 63.371-123.548 kg/cm2 and 517-1.052 kg/cm2, respectively. It was also found that the tensile strength and bonding strength of the plywood produced were 461.6-1.095 kg/cm2 and 18.97-31.79 kg/cm2, respectively. It was recorded that moisture content and the bonding strength of the plywood produced met the Indonesian National Standard of Plywood. Among others, plywood produced from pasak linggo showed a superior quality. Referring to statistical analysis, it was confirmed that physical and mechanical properties of plywood were significantly affected by wood species, except moisture content. Keywords: mechanical properties, physical properties, plywood, Riau wood species

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