Distribution and elimination of palladium in rats after 90-day oral administration

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Iavicoli ◽  
Beatrice Bocca ◽  
Luca Fontana ◽  
Stefano Caimi ◽  
Antonio Bergamaschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
The Body ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Kidney Liver

This study determined the distribution in internal organs and the elimination routes in rats after oral administration of potassium hexachloro-palladate. Forty male Wistar rats were exposed for 90 days to 0, 10, 100 and 250 ng/mL of the palladium (Pd) salt in drinking water. Samples of urine and feces were collected on days 1, 30, 60 and 90, while organs (kidney, liver, lung, spleen and bones) and blood were collected at the end of the experiment. Quantification method was based on the sector-field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results indicated that Pd ions were rapidly eliminated from the body. The principal excretion was through the feces (650 ± 72.7 ng/g dry weight, at the Pd dose of 250 ng/mL), but at the higher dosing Pd was also eliminated through the urine (6.16 ± 1.91 ng/mL for the Pd intake of 250 ng/mL). A clear relationship between the Pd ingested dose and the Pd excretion amount was observed mainly in the feces. Absorbed Pd was mostly found in the kidney of rats (124.4 ± 23.0 ng/g dry weight, following the highest dose), while liver, lung, spleen and bones did not accumulate the metal. At the higher dosing, Pd content in the kidney raised proportionally with the Pd dose. Our findings may be useful to help in the understanding of the health impact of Pd dispersed in the environment as well as in identifying appropriate biological indices of Pd exposure.

Inter-dialect dispersal is common in the Puget Sound white-crowned sparrow

Behaviour ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 154 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 809-834
Author(s):  
Douglas A. Nelson ◽  
Ben M. Nickley ◽  
Angelika Poesel ◽  
H. Lisle Gibbs ◽  
John W. Olesik
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Puget Sound ◽  
Trace Element Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Genetic Structure Of Populations ◽  
Song Dialects ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Dispersal in birds can have an important influence on the genetic structure of populations by affecting gene flow. In birds that learn their songs, dispersal can affect the ability of male birds to share songs in song dialects and may influence mate attraction. We used Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) trace element analysis on the body feathers of birds to assess dispersal among four song dialects. We found that (1) most males had a feather element profile typical of only one dialect location; (2) males singing non-local (‘foreign’) dialects in a focal population often learned their foreign songs outside the dialect; and (3) females often dispersed among dialects. We estimated 5% dispersal per year by yearling males between the site of moulting and breeding. Our estimate is consistent with genetic estimates of widespread gene flow between dialects in this subspecies of the white-crowned sparrow.

scholarly journals The effects of zinc deficiency on homeostasis of twelve minerals and trace elements in the serum, feces, urine and liver of rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingli Yu ◽  
Xiaohan Sun ◽  
Jiali Zhao ◽  
Lan Zhao ◽  
Yanfeng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
The Body ◽  
Renal Reabsorption ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Fe And Mn ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Minerals And Trace Elements

Abstract Background Zinc deficiency can change the concentrations of minerals and trace elements in the body. However, previous studies still had many limitations. Objective To reveal the effects of zinc deficiency on homeostasis of 16 minerals and trace elements. Methods Forty-five rats were divided randomly into three groups: normal zinc diet (30 mg/kg), low zinc diet (10 mg/kg), and pair-fed diet(30 mg/kg). The concentrations of 16 minerals and trace elements in serum, feces, urine, and liver were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The excretion of 16 elements in urine and feces were calculated and compared. Results Zinc-deficient rats exhibited significant changes in up to 12 minerals and trace elements. The low zinc diet induced decreased excretion of zinc and concentrations of zinc in serum, feces, urine, and liver. Zinc deficiency increased feces concentrations of Mg, Cu, Se, K, Ag, Fe and Mn; decreased the concentrations of Mg, Cu, Se, K in liver and urine, and a diminished amount of Ag was observed in serum. Decreased urinary concentrations of Zn Ca, Mg, Cu, Se, K, Na, As and Cr, suggested that zinc-deficient rats increased the 9 elements’ renal reabsorption. Decreased concentrations of Ca in liver, urine, and feces, decreased excretion in urine and feces and increased serum total Ca suggested that zinc deficiency increased the redistribution of Ca in serum or other tissues. Zinc deficiency increased excretion of Cu, Se, Fe; and decreased the excretion of other 8 elements except for Ag. Conclusions Zinc deficiency changed the excretion, reabsorption and redistribution of 12 minerals and trace elements in rats. Our findings are the first to show that zinc deficiency alters the concentrations of Ag, Cr, and As. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Influence of a 6-month physical training program on serum and urinary concentrations of trace metals in middle distance elite runners

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Maynar ◽  
I. Bartolomé ◽  
J. Alves ◽  
G. Barrientos ◽  
F. J. Grijota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Time Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Abstract Background The aim of this survey was to determine the effects of an aerobic physical training program of six months duration on the serum and urinary concentrations of essential trace elements among middle distance runners and untrained, non-sportsmen participants. Methods 24 well-trained, middle-distance (1500 and 5000 m), aerobic male runners (AG) were recruited at the beginning of their training season and 26 untrained males formed the control group (CG). All participants were from the same region of Spain, and all of them had been living in this area for at least two years. Serum and urine of samples of Cobalt (Co), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Molybdenum (Mo), Selenium (Se), Vanadium (V) and Zinc (Zn) were obtained at the beginning of the training season, and six months later, from all participants. All samples were analyzed with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results Two-way ANOVA showed significant differences relative to group effect in serum concentrations of Co, Cu, Mn, Mo, Se and Zn. Attending to time effect, there were differences in Mn (p = 0.003) and Zn (p = 0.001). The group x time interaction revealed differences only in the case of Mn (p = 0.04). In urine, significant differences between group were obtained in Co, Cu, Mn, Se and V. Time effect showed changes in Co, Cy, Mo and Se. Finally, the group and time interaction revealed significant differences in urinary Cu (p = 0.001), Mn (p = 0.01) and Se (p = 0.001). Conclusions A six-month aerobic training program for well-trained athletes induced modifications in the body values of several minerals, a fact which may reflect adaptive responses to physical exercise. The obtained data could be interesting for physicians or coaches in order to consider specific modifications in sportsmen’s diets as well as to determine specific nutritional supplementation strategies.

scholarly journals Can Coca Leaves Contribute to Improving the Nutritional Status of the Andean Population?

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E. Penny ◽  
Alfonso Zavaleta ◽  
Melanie Lemay ◽  
Maria Reyna Liria ◽  
Maria Luisa Huaylinas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Limiting Amino Acid ◽  
Nutrient Analyses ◽  
Nutritional Benefits ◽  
Andean Population

Background Coca leaves ( Erythroxylum coca) have been promoted as a food that could address the dietary deficiencies of the Andean population, but this is based on nutrient analyses of a small sample of leaves. Objective We assessed the nutritional potential of eight samples of coca leaves grown in different regions of Peru. Methods We used AOAC techniques to measure nutrients, nutrient inhibitors (phytate, polyphenols, oxalic acid, and fiber), and alkaloid concentrations, all expressed per 100 g dry weight (DW) of the ground leaves. Minerals were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry in two independent laboratories. Results The leaves contained protein, 20.28 g/100 gDW, with lysine as the limiting amino acid; β-carotene, 3.51 mg/100 gDW; vitamin E, 16.72 mg/100 gDW; trace amounts of vitamin D; calcium, 990.18 and 1033.17 mg/100 gDW at two different laboratories; iron, 29.16 and 29.16 mg/100 gDW; zinc, 2.71 and 2.63 mg/100 gDW; and magnesium, 225.19 and 196.69 mg/100 gDW. Cocaine was the principal alkaloid, with a concentration of 0.56 g/100 gDW; other alkaloids were also identified. The results were compared with those for other edible leaves. The nutrient contributions of coca powder (5 g) and bread made with coca were compared with those of normal portions of alternative foods. Conclusions Two spoonfuls of coca leaf flour would satisfy less than 10% of dietary intakes for schoolchildren and adults for critical commonly deficient nutrients in the diet. Coca leaves do not provide nutritional benefits when eaten in the recommended quantities, and the presence of absorbable cocaine and other alkaloids may be potentially harmful; hence coca leaves cannot be recommended as a food.

scholarly journals Preclinical Pharmacokinetics and Biodistribution of Anticancer Dinuclear Palladium(II)-Spermine Complex (Pd2Spm) in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Martin Vojtek ◽  
Salomé Gonçalves-Monteiro ◽  
Edgar Pinto ◽  
Sára Kalivodová ◽  
Agostinho Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Preclinical Pharmacokinetics ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Terminal Half Life ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Kidney Liver

Palladium-based compounds are regarded as potential analogs to platinum anticancer drugs with improved properties. The present study assessed the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of a dinuclear palladium(II)-spermine chelate (Pd2Spm), which has previously been shown to possess promising in vitro activity against several therapy-resistant cancers. Using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, the kinetic profiles of palladium/platinum in serum, serum ultrafiltrate and tissues (kidney, liver, brain, heart, lungs, ovaries, adipose tissue and mammary glands) were studied in healthy female Balb/c mice after a single intraperitoneal bolus injection of Pd2Spm (3 mg/kg bw) or cisplatin (3.5 mg/kg bw) between 0.5 and 48 h post-injection. Palladium in serum exhibited biphasic kinetics with a terminal half-life of 20.7 h, while the free palladium in serum ultrafiltrate showed a higher terminal half-life than platinum (35.5 versus 31.5 h). Palladium was distributed throughout most of the tissues except for the brain, with the highest values in the kidney, followed by the liver, lungs, ovaries, adipose tissue and mammary glands. The in vitro cellular accumulation was also evaluated in breast cancer cells, evidencing a passive diffusion as a mechanism of Pd2Spm’s cellular entry. This study reports, for the first time, the favorable pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of Pd2Spm, which may become a promising pharmacological agent for cancer treatment.

scholarly journals Uptake and translocation of inorganic and methylated arsenic species by plants

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Raab ◽  
Paul N. Williams ◽  
Andrew Meharg ◽  
Jörg Feldmann
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Molecular Form ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Arsenic Species ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Transfer Factors ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Root Absorption ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Environmental context. The molecular occurrence of arsenic in soils can vary as a result of soil conditions and/or application of arsenic-containing herbicides or fertiliser. Although large amounts of As-containing herbicides are used for different crops, there is still a lack of understanding as to how the molecular form of As determines the uptake of arsenic into plants and, in particular, the translocation into shoot and grain. Abstract. The uptake and translocation into shoots of arsenate, methylarsonate (MA), and dimethylarsinate (DMA) by 46 different plant species were studied. The plants (n = 3 per As species) were exposed for 24 h to 1 mg of As per litre under identical conditions. Total arsenic was measured in the roots and the shoots by acid digestion and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry from which, besides total As values, root absorption factors and shoot-to-root transfer factors were calculated. As uptake into the root for the different plant species ranged from 1.2 to 95 (μg of As per g of dry weight) for AsV, from 0.9 to 44 for MAV and from 0.8 to 13 for DMAV, whereas in shoots the As concentration ranged from 0.10 to 17 for AsV, 0.1 to 13 for MAV, and 0.2 to 17 for DMAV. The mean root absorption factor for AsV (1.2 to 95%) was five times higher than for DMAV (0.8 to 13%) and 2.5 times higher than for MAV (0.9 to 44%). Although the uptake of arsenic in the form of AsV was significantly higher than that of MAV and DMAV, the translocation of the methylated species was more efficient in most plant species studied. Thus, an exposure of plants to DMAV or MAV can result in higher arsenic concentrations in the shoots than when exposed to AsV. Shoot-to-root transfer factors (TFs) for all plants varied with plant and arsenic species. While AsV had a median TF of 0.09, the TF of DMAV was nearly a factor of 10 higher (0.81). The median TF for MAV was in between (0.30). Although the TF for MAV correlates well with the TF for DMAV, the plants can be separated into two groups according to their TF of DMAV in relation to their TF of AsV. One group can immobilise DMAV in the roots, while the other group translocates DMAV very efficiently into the shoot. The reason for this is as yet unknown.

scholarly journals Ultratrace element contents in rat tissues: Comparative analysis of serum and hair as indicative matrices of the total body burden

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoly Skalny ◽  
Alexey Tinkov ◽  
Andrey Skalny ◽  
Yulia Medvedeva ◽  
Irina Alchinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Body Burden ◽  
Element Content ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Ultratrace Elements

The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of ultratrace elements in rat tissues and to perform a comparative analysis of hair and serum as potential bioindicators of the total ultratrace element content. Thirty-six male Wistar rats were fed a standard chow containing 0.006?0.000, 0.001?0.000, 0.017?0.002, 0.382?0.031, 0.168?0.014, 3.211?0.134, 0.095?0.006, 0.000?0.000, 6.675?0.336, 15.327?0.564, 0.002?0.000, and 1.185?0.202 ?g/g of silver (Ag), gold (Au), cesium (Cs), gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), lanthanum (La), niobium (Nb), platinum (Pt), rubidium (Rb), titanium (Ti), thallium (Tl)and zirconium (Zr), respectively, from weaning to 3 months old. The ultratrace element content in the liver, kidney, muscle, heart, serum and hair was assessed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The obtained data indicate that the highest concentrations of most of the studied elements (Ti, Zr, Ge, Nb, tungsten (W), La, uranium (U), Ag, Au, Pt) are in hair, whereas the lowest were observed in the serum. Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between concentrations in the hair and other tissues for Cs, Ti, Nb, Tl, La, U and Au. At the same time, serum Cs, Rb, Ti, Ge, Nb, W, Ga, Tl and La concentrations significantly correlated with the tissue content of the respective ultratrace elements. It can be concluded that hair may be used as a potential bioindicator for certain ultratrace element content in the mammalian organism.

scholarly journals Selenoproteome Expression Studied by Non-Radioactive Isotopic Selenium-Labeling in Human Cell Lines

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7308
Author(s):  
Jordan Sonet ◽  
Anne-Laure Bulteau ◽  
Zahia Touat-Hamici ◽  
Maurine Mosca ◽  
Katarzyna Bierla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
The Body ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Selenium Atom ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Selective Labeling ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Selenium Isotopes

Selenoproteins, in which the selenium atom is present in the rare amino acid selenocysteine, are vital components of cell homeostasis, antioxidant defense, and cell signaling in mammals. The expression of the selenoproteome, composed of 25 selenoprotein genes, is strongly controlled by the selenium status of the body, which is a corollary of selenium availability in the food diet. Here, we present an alternative strategy for the use of the radioactive 75Se isotope in order to characterize the selenoproteome regulation based on (i) the selective labeling of the cellular selenocompounds with non-radioactive selenium isotopes (76Se, 77Se) and (ii) the detection of the isotopic enrichment of the selenoproteins using size-exclusion chromatography followed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry detection. The reliability of our strategy is further confirmed by western blots with distinct selenoprotein-specific antibodies. Using our strategy, we characterized the hierarchy of the selenoproteome regulation in dose–response and kinetic experiments.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MINERAL CONTENT OF SIDAT FISH MEAT (ANGUILLA MARMORATA QUOY GAIMARD) ON YELLOW EEL PHASE FROM PALU RIVER AND LAKE POSO

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamaluddin Jamaluddin ◽  
Widodo Agustinus
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Yellow Eel ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Fish Meat ◽  
Anguilla Marmorata ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

<em><span>Eel fish (Anguilla marmorata Quoy Gaimard) is one of the strategic commodities to be developed because it has high nutritional value such as protein, fatty acid, vitamins and minerals. Minerals are one of the nutrients the body needs for the body's physiological processes. This study aims to determine the amount and mineral content of eel meat Anguilla marmorata Quoy Gaimard) originating from the river Palu and lake Poso. Sampling was done by Purposive sampling method based on type, weight 35-40 gram, size 300-450 mm and location of taking. Mineral testing on eel meat using laboratory experimental with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed that the mineral content contained in yellow eel fish from Palu river contain</span><span lang="EN-US">s</span><span> potassium 1,519 mg/kg, magnesium 203 mg/kg, zinc 11,2 mg/kg, </span><span lang="EN-US">and </span><span>mercury 0,129 mg/kg; and </span><span lang="EN-US">from the </span><span> Poso lake contain</span><span lang="EN-US">s</span><span> potassium 1,360 mg/kg, magnesium 179 mg/kg, </span><span lang="EN-US">and </span><span>strontium 1.32 mg/kg. Based on this study  can be concluded that there is influence the location again</span><span lang="EN-US">s</span><span>t the amount of mineral content.</span></em>

scholarly journals Soil-applied selenite increases selenium and reduces cadmium in roots of Moringa oleifera

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqiu Fu ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Lijuan Du ◽  
Luxiang Wang ◽  
Hongmei Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Partial Least Squares Regression ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Se Deficiency

AbstractDeficiency of selenium (Se) will lead to malnutrition and decreased immune function of the body. There is a common phenomenon of Se deficiency in foods. In this study, different concentrations of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) were applied to Moringa oleifera grownin soil. The purpose was to explore the feasibility of Se biofortification of M. oleifera root. The effect of exogenous Se on the accumulation of Se and cadmium (Cd) in the roots of M. oleifera was studied by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the mechanism of exogenous Se on the accumulation of Se and Cd in the roots was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) combined with principal component analysis and partial least squares regression analysis. The results showed that Na2SeO3 significantly affected the accumulation of Se and Cd in the roots (p < 0.05). The increase in Se was highest when Na2SeO3 was around 4.0 mg/kg, which increased by 315% compared with the control. The decrease in Cd was the lowest when Na2SeO3 was around 2.0 mg/kg, which decreased by 80% compared with the control. The results of FTIR analysis showed that Na2SeO3 treatment changed the carboxylate, phosphate radical, hemicellulose and protein in roots of M. oleifera, while the increase of Se was related to hemicellulose, protein, polysaccharide and lignin, and the decrease of Cd was related to hemicellulose and protein. The results showed that exogenous Se increased the accumulation of Se and inhibited the absorption of Cd. Therefore, the roots of M. oleifera can be used in Se biofortified products.

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