Wooden Facade with Bonded Joints - Experimental Test

2015 ◽  
Vol 1122 ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Nečasová ◽  
Pavel Liška ◽  
Jiří Šlanhof
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Siberian Larch ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Adhesive Bonds ◽  
Mechanical Joints ◽  
Structural Bonding ◽  
Cladding Material

A research case focused on vented wooden façade system with bonded joints is presented in this paper. The potential of bonded joints is studied and described in more detail and verified through experimental measurements. For the purpose of tests spruce timber profiles were chosen for the load bearing substructure and Siberian larch façade sheeting for the cladding. Three types of industrial adhesives intended for structural bonding were selected. The article is focused on the preparation as well as on the subsequent experimental verification of substructure bonding retention to the cladding. The adhesive bonds were tested both in tension as well as in shear at a temperature of (293.15 ± 3) K and a relative humidity of (55 ± 10) %. The test results proved the fact that bonded joints are more than suitable equivalent to the mechanical joints. During the tests appeared some differences in stability and failure behaviour between the adhesive systems as well as within the sheeting material. Additionally, the suitability of selected group of adhesives in combination with Siberian larch cladding material as well as with the timber substructure was confirmed.

Test of Adhesion and Shear Strength of Polyurethane Adhesives to Cement-Bonded Particleboard

2015 ◽  
Vol 1100 ◽  
pp. 185-188
Author(s):  
Barbora Nečasová ◽  
Pavel Liška ◽  
Jiří Šlanhof
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Mechanical Joints ◽  
Structural Bonding ◽  
Bonded Composite ◽  
Polyurethane Adhesives ◽  
Cladding Material

This research case was carried out to examine the possibility of usage of cement-bonded composite particleboards as a sheathing of a vented façade system with bonded joints. The potential of bonded joints in combination with composite cladding material was studied and described in more detail as well as verified through experimental measurements. For the purpose of tests spruce timber profiles were chosen for the load bearing substructure. Three types of industrial adhesives intended for structural bonding were selected. The article is focused on the preparation as well as on the subsequent experimental verification of the substructure bonding retention to the cladding and the determination of shear strength under tensile stress at a temperature of (20.0 ± 3) oC and a relative humidity of (55.0 ± 10) %. The test results proved the fact that bonded joints are more than suitable equivalent to the mechanical joints. Furthermore, the series of tests verified the suitability of use of the chosen adhesives in combination with cement-bonded particleboard.

Influence of Technological Indiscipline on Strength Properties of Bonded Joints

2015 ◽  
Vol 799-800 ◽  
pp. 549-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Nečasová ◽  
Pavel Liška ◽  
Jiří Šlanhof
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Siberian Larch ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Mechanical Joints ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cladding Material

Requirements on joints in combination with new materials have led to a situation where adhesive bonding becomes very reasonable joining method. A research case focused on vented wooden façade system with bonded joints is presented in this paper and the effect of technological indiscipline on bonded joints is studied and described in more detail and verified through experimental measurements. For the purpose of presented tests five different types of possible insubordinations was engineered. The test results proved the fact that bonded joints are more than suitable equivalent to the mechanical joints. During the tests appeared some differences in stability and failure behaviour between the adhesive systems as well as within the sheeting material. Additionally, the suitability of selected adhesive system in combination with Siberian larch cladding material as well as with the timber substructure was confirmed.

Revitalization of Facade Cladding with the Use of Bonded Joints

2014 ◽  
Vol 1041 ◽  
pp. 191-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Liška ◽  
Jiří Šlanhof ◽  
Barbora Nečasová
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Mechanical Joints ◽  
Structural Bonding ◽  
Potential Use

One of the current issues in the Czech building industry is the revitalization of buildings, or their outer shells, that were constructed before 1990. Vented facades are a suitable option. At present, the vast majority of such facades utilise mechanical joints; however, facades with bonded joints are also a suitable alternative. The following article, where the potential use of bonded joints in practice is verified via experimental measurements, deals with this technology in great detail. This article focuses on the preparation and subsequent production of test specimens, and also on the experimental verification of the bonding of substructure to cladding and the determination of shear strength under tensile stress at a temperature of (20 ± 3)°C and a relative humidity of (55 ± 10) %. For the tests, Cetris cement-bonded particleboard was chosen for the cladding and aluminium profiles for the supporting substructure. In order to find the most suitable connecting material, five types of industrial adhesives intended for structural bonding were selected. At the same time, emphasis was placed on featuring adhesives from various price categories. The test procedures verified the suitability of the selected adhesives for the chosen combination of materials, and the method also suggested that the use of the most expensive adhesive doesn ́t always provide the best results.

scholarly journals Significance of Adhesion Theories in Area of Flexible Bonded Structural Joints in Construction Sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (2) ◽  
pp. 022081
Author(s):  
Barbora Nečasová
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Surface Polarity ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Structural Bonding ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The issue of bonding has been a part of humanity throughout its history. The greatest development in this area occurred in the second half of the 20th century and the issue of bonding has gained a lot of interest from the scientific community. Over the past 80 years, there has been a significant increase in scientific research and grants aimed at defining adhesion. We now know that examining the adhesion of materials, determining the adhesive properties or simply evaluating the test results and assessing the failure of the test specimens is not possible without understanding the basic principles and theories of bonding, i.e. adhesive joining. The presented paper is focused on the description of fundamental adhesion theories and their usage in the field of structural bonding in construction industry. The importance of understanding to adhesive properties of used products is demonstrated on an example of four different surfaces in combination with representatives of high strength flexible adhesive systems intended for façade applications. Representatives with high surface polarity, medium-high polarity and low polarity were deliberately selected. The one-way ANOVA was performed to analyse the impact of surface adhesive properties on adhesion of bonded joints. It was confirmed that the riskiest is bonding of polymer-based materials. For all selected materials it was concluded that the hypotheses of the adsorption theory, which, to some extent, also includes the assumptions of other adhesive theories, seem to be the most fundamental for the presented researched area.

Hygrothermal Microclimate of Reconstructed Residential Building

2014 ◽  
Vol 1041 ◽  
pp. 307-310
Author(s):  
Mária Budiaková
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Almost All

The paper is oriented on the hygrothermal microclimate of residential interiors in reconstructed building. The questionnaire survey has showed significant increase in number of allergies, respiratory diseases and occurrence of fungi after reconstruction. In order to find causes, experimental measurements of hygrothermal microclimate were carried out. The long term high values of relative humidity were found out and the link with number of efficient natural ventilation was searched for. Ventilation once a day was usual, what was proved as insufficient. Dwellers were informed about right way and number of ventilation. Furthermore, measurements proved decrease of air humidity, but not sufficiently. It was proved that nobody was able to achieve recommended number of ventilation and almost all of them considered it annoying and unreal to sustain. The biggest problem was proved night 7 hour interval. Therefore allergic and respiratory problems were significant in the morning. In conclusions of paper is suggestion for solution of researched problem.

scholarly journals Experimental Measurements of Particulate Matter Deliquescence and Crystallization Relative Humidity: Application in Heritage Climatology

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Casati ◽  
Grazia Rovelli ◽  
Luca D’Angelo ◽  
Maria Grazia Perrone ◽  
Giorgia Sangiorgi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Experimental Measurements

scholarly journals Monitoring of Beech Glued Laminated Timber and Delamination Resistance of Beech Finger-Joints in Varying Ambient Climates

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1672
Author(s):  
Hannes Stolze ◽  
Mathias Schuh ◽  
Sebastian Kegel ◽  
Connor Fürkötter-Ziegenbein ◽  
Christian Brischke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Wood Moisture Content ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Wood Moisture ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Finger Joints ◽  
Glued Laminated Timber ◽  
Delamination Resistance ◽  
Normative Requirements

In this study, varying ambient climates were simulated in a test building by changing temperature and relative humidity. Beech glued laminated timber (glulam, Fagus sylvatica, L.) was freshly installed in the test building and monitoring of the change in wood moisture content of the glulam resulting from the variations in climate was carried out. Subsequently, finger-jointed beech specimens were exposed to the variations in relative humidity measured in the course of the monitoring experiment on a laboratory scale, and thus an alternating climate regime was derived from the conditions in the test building. Its influence on the delamination of the finger-joints was evaluated. In addition, it was examined whether beech finger-joints using commercial adhesive systems fulfil the normative requirements for delamination resistance according to EN 301 (2018) and whether different bonding-wood moisture levels have an effect on the delamination of the finger-joints. In the context of the monitoring experiment, there was a clear moisture gradient in the beech glulam between the inner and near-surface wood. The applied adhesive systems showed almost the same delamination resistance after variation of relative humidity. The normative requirements were met by all PRF-bonded and by most PUR-bonded beech finger-joints with higher bonding wood moisture content.

scholarly journals Ageing of Adhesive Joints for Façade Applications – Comparison of Artificial and Real Weathering Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 279 ◽  
pp. 02013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Nečasová ◽  
Pavel Liška ◽  
Michal Novotný
Keyword(s):  
High Strength ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Adhesive Joints ◽  
Laboratory Measurements ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Mechanical Joints ◽  
Heavy Loads

Currently, the adhesive joints are more and more regularly used as an alternative to mechanical joints. They often offer a more suitable, durable and faster possibility. They provide a solution with a more even distribution of stresses in the joint, which consequently allows an increase in the rigidity of the structure and allows it to withstand even heavy loads. High - strength flexible adhesive systems enable the implementation of effective structural joints, and although several decades have passed since the certification and installation of the first façade system with bonded anchoring, even today it is not a matter that is properly grounded in technical standards. A list of specific test procedures on whose basis the behaviour of the joint over the next 40 years could be predicted does not exist. On the basis of these facts, the authors have decided to subject the test samples both to laboratory measurements, where two methods were selected, as well as to expose them to the effects of real weather conditions for a 3-year period. Comparison of the real environment influence results and the methods of artificial aging showed that the selected conditioning methods adequately simulate the effects of weather conditions.

Environmental relative humidity affects Schirmer tear test results in normal dogs

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 923-926
Author(s):  
Angela Yoon ◽  
Chin‐Chi Liu ◽  
Renee T. Carter ◽  
Andrew C. Lewin
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Schirmer Tear Test ◽  
Environmental Relative Humidity

scholarly journals Influence of Load-bearing Structure on Size of Bonded Facade Cladding

2018 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 08003
Author(s):  
Pavel Liška ◽  
Barbora Nečasová ◽  
Jiří Šlanhof
Keyword(s):  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Moisture Expansion ◽  
Cladding Panels ◽  
People First ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Bearing Structure ◽  
Modern Technologies

Architecture has been an integral part of our lives ever since people first existed. Structures are required by both investors and society to have what is considered a highly modern appearance while maintaining elements of a long service life. To meet such requirements, it is necessary to use modern technologies and materials. Bonded joints represent one of the options. Unlike with mechanical joints, it is possible to use bonded joints to anchor large format cladding panels to bearing substructures of various shapes and sizes. The design is simple, but very technically demanding to implement. One of the factors which have an impact on both the design and its implementation is the bearing substructure itself. As part of a research project, a load bearing substructure made from wood and aluminium alloy was tested. The test results prove that the mechanical properties of the materials used, especially their thermal and moisture expansion, directly influence the size of the cladding. In the case of a bearing substructure made from wood, the cladding may be larger by several percentage points than in the case of a bearing substructure made from aluminium alloy.

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