Synthesis of Highly Ordered Nanotubular Oxide Layers on Ti-6Al-4V Alloys by Anodization Technique

2011 ◽  
Vol 219-220 ◽  
pp. 1541-1544
Author(s):  
Shi Kai Liu ◽  
Hong Sen Zuo ◽  
Hai Bin Yang ◽  
Wen Jun Zou ◽  
Zheng Xin Li
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Electrochemical Anodization ◽  
Tube Length ◽  
Nanotube Arrays ◽  
Anodization Time ◽  
Tc4 Alloy ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Scanning Electron

Highly ordered nanotube arrays were fabricated via electrochemical anodization of Ti-6Al-4V (TC4) alloy foils in aqueous fluorine containing electrolytes. The formation of ordered nanotubular films was affected by the applied anodization potential and the anodization time. The optimal applied voltage and anodization time were 20V and 1h, respectively, as-prepared anodic nanotubular films were in highly ordered with the average inner diameter of about 120nm, the wall thickness of 17nm and the tube length about 300nm. The tubular nanostructures were examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy. The possible nanotube formation mechanism was also discussed.

TiO2 Nanowires/Nanobelts Originating from Anodically Grown Nanotube Arrays

2012 ◽  
Vol 463-464 ◽  
pp. 802-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Jun Tao ◽  
Jie Tao ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Zuo Guo Bao
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Special Structure ◽  
Nanotube Arrays ◽  
Anodization Voltage ◽  
Anodization Time ◽  
Chemical Etch ◽  
Scanning Electron

TiO2nanotube arrays have aroused great interest because of their enormous application in areas such as gas sensor, catalysts, biological materials, and solar cells. In this report, TiO2nanowires/nanobelts originating from TiO2 nanotube arrays are fabricated by simple anodization of Ti foils in ethylene glycol (EG) containing 0.25wt% NH4F. From the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) it is observed that the morphology of the special structure is influenced by anodization voltage, water content and anodization time. In these factors, small amount of water plays a very important role in making the special nanostructure. Moreover, a possible mechanism that showed a relationship between the formation of the special structure and electric field directed chemical etch is proposed.

Fabrication and Mechanism of Titania Nanotube Arrays by Anodization in DMSO Electrolyte

2010 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 873-876
Author(s):  
Jian Ling Zhao ◽  
Ying Ru Kang ◽  
Xi Xin Wang ◽  
Cheng Chun Tang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Titanium Foil ◽  
Nanotube Arrays ◽  
Dmso Solution ◽  
Anodization Time ◽  
Titania Nanotube Arrays ◽  
Titania Nanotube ◽  
Scanning Electron

Titania nanotube arrays were synthesized via anodic oxidization of titanium foil in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution containing 2 wt% HF and 3 wt% H2O at 40 V. The microstructure of the arrays was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that morphology of titania nanotube arrays is evidently influenced by the anodization time, and with the extension of oxidation time, the better morphology could be obtained. The possible formation mechanism of titania nanotube arrays has been discussed.

Generation of Regular Pore System in Silicon by Means of Nanoindentation

2016 ◽  
Vol 683 ◽  
pp. 131-135
Author(s):  
Alexander A. Dmitrievskiy ◽  
Darya G. Guseva ◽  
Nadezhda Yu. Efremova ◽  
Roman A. Stolyarov
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Indentation Depth ◽  
Monocrystalline Silicon ◽  
Electrochemical Anodization ◽  
Pore System ◽  
Pore Sizes ◽  
Scanning Electron

Regular pore system (RPS) was generated in monocrystalline silicon by means of electrochemical anodization of the surface after forming “matrices” of indenter imprints. The morphology of the obtained RPSs was examined using scanning electron microscopy. It was shown that decrease in the distance between the indentations (indentation depth h = 140 nm) allows to obtain RPSs with crosswise pore sizes d < 300 nm, which is unattainable by photolithography technique. The data indicate that nanoimprint method can be employed to create regular systems of micro-and nanopores in silicon.

The Fabrication of Highly Ordered TiO2 Nanotube Arrays and their Application in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 217-218 ◽  
pp. 1553-1558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Mei Xu ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Hai Wang ◽  
Wen Xia Zhao ◽  
Hong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Tio2 Nanotubes ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Tube Length ◽  
Nanotube Arrays ◽  
Anodization Voltage ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Anodization Time ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

Highly ordered closely packed TiO2 nanotubes were successfully fabricated by anodization of Ti foils in ethylene glycol-based electrolytes. For an identified electrolyte, the dependence manner of the nanotube dimension to the anodization parameters, including anodization voltage and time were systematically investigated. The inner diameter depends linearly on the anodization voltage but is time independent. The morphology of the tube is relative to the anodization voltage. The tube length is closely relative to the anodization time. Keeping the anodization voltage, the length will increase with the time rising to an extent and then maintain a relatively steady value. Longer nanotubes will be obtained when the anodization voltage is higher for a determined time. TiO2 nanotube-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were fabricated. The results showed that the conversion efficiency was related to the tube dimension. The optimum efficiency of 4.25% is obtained.

Preparation of Polyacrylamide Nanofibers by Electrospinning

2009 ◽  
Vol 87-88 ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Liu ◽  
Wei Wei Gu ◽  
Wen Ting Xv ◽  
Chang Fa Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Uniform Thickness ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Glutaraldehyde Solution ◽  
Scanning Electron

Polyacrylamide (PAM) nanofibers was spun by electrospinning. In order to increase the molecular weight of the PAM, It has been cross linked by Glutaraldehyde solution. By means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the effect of electrospun technological parameters on the fibers’ morphology were researched. The parameters include the concentration of PAM spinning solution, the applied voltage and tip-collector distance (TCD). The PAM nanofibers of uniform thickness with the fibers’ diameter distribution of 80 ~ 160nm were got under the conditions as followers: the concentration of 16 wt.%, applied voltage of 23 kV, the TCD of 13cm.

Synthesis of Ultra-Fine Conducting Polyaniline Micro/Nanotubes Using Fiber Template and Their NH3 Gas Sensitivity

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4515-4521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Xue ◽  
Shaoyan Qi ◽  
Jian Gong ◽  
Yu Gao ◽  
Shuang Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Gas Sensitivity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Conducting Polyaniline ◽  
Inner Diameter ◽  
Scanning Electron

We have recently fabricated ultra-fine conducting polyaniline (PANI) tubes with high gas sensitivity. This route includes two steps. Firstly, aniline polymerizes on the surface of a suitable fiber template prepared by electrospun nitrocellulose (NC). Then, the NC fiber template is dissolved and the ultra-fine PANI tubes are obtained. The structure of the conducting PANI tubes is characterized by IR spectrum and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicate that the PANI shows the shape of ultra-fine tubes with average inner diameter of 250–350 nm. The wall thickness of the ultra-fine PANI tubes increases with increasing the content of oxidant. The conductivity of the doped PANI tubes is about 6 9 × 10−2 S. The results of gas sensitivity of the ultra-fine PANI tubes indicate that the PANI tubes can act as "electronic nose" to detect toxic NH3 gas below 20 ppm.

scholarly journals TAYLOR CONE–JET MODE IN THE FABRICATION OF ELECTROSPRAYED MICROSPHERES

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (1B) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viet Linh Nguyen - Vu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Polymer Solution ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Taylor Cone ◽  
Sem Micrographs ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this study, electrospray modes were investigated to clarify their effects on the morphology and size of polycaprolactone (PCL) particles. The result indicated that electrosprayed microspheres with homogeneous and stable morphology were fabricated by using cone–jet mode and suitable electrospray processing parameters. Besides, the PCL solution was created by dissolving in dichloromethane with different concentrations such as 3.5%, 4%, 4.5% and 5%. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs pointed that electrosprayed PCL microspheres were formed by using 4.5 % polymer solution. In addition, the reproducible and homogeneous morphology of PCL microparticles were obtained at the following set of parameters: applied voltage of 18 kV, flow rate of 1.5 mL/h and distance tip to collector of 20 cm. Moreover, at the collecting distance of 15–25 cm, the flow rate of 1.2–1.8 mL/h and applied voltage of 18 kV the cone–jet mode was generated. It was an effective electrospray mode to create stable and homogeneous microspheres.

Epicuticular Wax Structure and Regeneration on Developing Juvenile Eucalyptus Leaves

1996 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 691 ◽  
Author(s):  
MG Wirthensohn ◽  
M Sedgley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tube Length ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
Eucalyptus Leaves ◽  
Cut Foliage ◽  
Wax Deposits ◽  
Scanning Electron

Eighteen species of Eucalyptus L'Hér. were studied for changes in wax morphology of juvenile foliage with leaf age using environmental scanning electron microscopy. Three species were studied for wax regeneration following removal from the adaxial surface of day 16 and day 30 leaves (16 and 30 days following lamina separation, respectively) while still attached to the tree. For each leaf age, four leaves per species were sampled at 0, 1, 3, 9 and 15 days after wax removal. All species had tube wax on juvenile leaves but there were differences between the species, in the length and conformation of tubes and percentage surface area covered by wax. Tube length was greatest in day 30 leaves, but tube diameter was narrower than day 0 leaves (unfolding leaves). There were significant differences in wax structure between the proximal and distal ends of day 0 leaves of 10 species, and tubes were observed crystallising from amorphous wax deposits in the proximal area only. Significant wax regeneration occurred more rapidly on day 16 leaves than day 30 leaves. Wax morphology was consistent across six species of the series Viminales. Thirteen species of Eucalyptus are recommended for the cut foliage industry.

Higher Photocatalytic Activity of P-Incorporated TiO2 Nanotube Arrays

2015 ◽  
Vol 1087 ◽  
pp. 452-456
Author(s):  
Khairul Arifah Saharudin ◽  
Srimala Sreekantan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Nanotube Arrays ◽  
Photoluminescence Spectra ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

TiO2 nanotubes arrays were prepared by anodization of Ti in EG containing H3PO4 and NH4F electrolyte. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and photoluminescence spectra (PL). The as-anodized TiO2 nanotubes were annealed in inert (argon), reducing (nitrogen), or oxidizing (oxygen) atmosphere at 400 °C for 4 hr. XRD analysis revealed that the TiO2 nanotubes were anatase after annealing. In this study, the TiO2 nanotubes annealed in argon exhibited the highest degradation rate of methyl orange (MO) solution under ultraviolet irradiation among the samples. The degradation rate was approximately 98% after 5h, which may be ascribed to the large amount of oxygen vacancies and defects (phosphorus) within the Ar - TiO2 sample that simultaneously increased the degradation rate of MO.

Morphology of Biodegradable Poly(hexamethylene Adipate)(PHMA) Nanofibers Prepared by Electrospinning

2009 ◽  
Vol 87-88 ◽  
pp. 555-560
Author(s):  
Wei Min Kang ◽  
Bo Wen Cheng ◽  
Quan Xiang Li ◽  
Xu Pin Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Mixed Solvent ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Biodegradable Poly ◽  
Scanning Electron

A kind of novel biodegradable poly(hexamethylene adipate) (PHMA) nanofibers with diameter of 100～700nm using a mixed solvent of 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE ) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) were obtained by electrospinning process in this paper. The morphology of electropun PHMA nanofibers were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the morphology, diameter and uniformity of the fibers were influenced by solvent ratio, solution concentration, applied voltage, capillary–screen distance and flow rate greatly. The finer and uniform nanofibers were electrospun from a mixed solvent of DCE and TFA with ratio of 70/30(w/w).

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