Mechanism of Precipitate Removal of Arsenic and Bismuth Impurities from Copper Electrolyte by Antimony

2011 ◽  
Vol 402 ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fa Xin Xiao ◽  
Dao Cao ◽  
Jian Wei Mao ◽  
Xiao Ni Shen
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Structure Morphology ◽  
Copper Electrolyte ◽  
Removal Of Arsenic

This paper aims to discover the mechanism of removal of arsenic and bismuth from copper electrolyte under the function of antimony. The precipitate was obtained from a synthetic copper electrolyte containing 185g/L sulfuric acid, 45g/LCu2+, 10g/LAs, 0.5g/LBi and 1.2g/LSb. The structure, morphology and component of the precipitate are clarified by methods of chemical analysis, SEM, XRD, TEM and IR spectroscopy. The precipitate consists of 27.08% arsenic, 15.12% antimony, 12.08% bismuth. There are many irregular blocks, and dendritic particles on the surface.The characteristic bands in the IR spectra of the precipitate are O–H, As–OH, As–O, As–OX (X=As, Sb, Bi), Sb–OH and O–As–O. The precipitate is a mixture of microcrystalline of BiSb2O7, Bi12As2O23, SbAsO4 and (Sb,As)2O3 by XRD and electronic diffraction. The impurities of As, Sb and Bi are removed from copper electrolyte by antimony attributing to these precipitate.

Mechanism of Precipitate Removal of Antimony and Bismuth Impurities from Copper Electrolyte by Arsenic

2011 ◽  
Vol 402 ◽  
pp. 297-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fa Xin Xiao ◽  
Jian Wei Mao ◽  
Dao Cao ◽  
Xiao Ni Shen
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Irregular Shape ◽  
Amorphous Phases ◽  
Stirring Rate ◽  
Structure Morphology ◽  
Copper Electrolyte

This paper investigates the mechanism of removal of Sb and Bi from copper electrolyte under the function of arsenic. The precipitation reactions were carried out from a synthetic electrolyte containing 185g/L sulfuric acid and 45g/LCu2+ in the presence of As (III, V), Sb(III, V) and Bi(III) under the temperature 65°C and stirring rate of 300r/min. The structure, morphology and component of the precipitate were clarified by methods of chemical analysis, SEM, XRD, TEM, EDAX and IR spectroscopy. A kind of white precipitate has irregular shape and mainly consists of As, Sb, Bi and O elements forms in this electrolyte. The characteristic bands in the IR spectra of the precipitate are O-H, As-OH, As-O-Sb, Sb-OY (Y=As, Sb, Bi), and O-As-O. The precipitate is a mixture of microcrystalline of (Sb,As)2O3, BiSb2O7, SbAsO4 and amorphous phases by XRD and electronic diffraction. The removal rate of Sb and Bi reaches 43% and 64%, respectively from copper electrolytes by a 4g/L arsenic solution owing to these precipitate.

Hydrolytic products of Fe(III) after oxidation of Fe(II) by chlorate

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1069-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karel Mádlo ◽  
František Hanousek ◽  
Antonín Petřina ◽  
Jaroslav Tláskal
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Ferrous Sulphate ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Potassium Chlorate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Ferrous sulphate was oxidized by potassium chlorate in the pH region 2-7 and at temperatures ranging from 298.1 to 323.1 K and various hydrolytic products of Fe(III) were separated and indentified. The separated solid ferric products were analyzed using a combination of the chemical analysis, IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electron microscopy. The following substances were found as major components of the products: Fe2O3.n H2O ("ferric gel"), Fe2O3.n H2O with bound SO2-4 ions ("sulphogel"), α-FeO(OH), γ-FeO(OH) and Fe3O4. Their amount depends particularly on the pH temperature of the reaction medium.

Study dearomatization of diesel fuel under the infulence of magnetic field by IR spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150122
Author(s):  
B. G. Abdulov ◽  
A. A. Hasanov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Diesel Fraction ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Purification Process ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

The purification process of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was carried out by extraction of diesel fraction from the primary oil refining using the effect of magnetic field. A mixture of N-methylpyrrolidone with sulfuric acid was used as an extractant. The content of aromatic hydrocarbons in the diesel fraction decreased by 39.8% under normal conditions and by 50.8% under the influence of magnetic field after extraction. The samples were investigated by infrared (IR) spectroscopy method before and after extraction. Vibartional modes corresponding to different atomic bonds have been observed. Deodorization of diesel was determined by interpreting obtained modes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of solubility and histological effect of 11-keto-β-Boswellic acid on the diabetic mice liver using FTIR-PCA analysis and microscopy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.S. Al-Amri ◽  
F. Mabood ◽  
I.T. Kadim ◽  
A.Y. Alkindi ◽  
A. Al-Harrasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Boswellic Acid ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Mice Liver ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

ABSTRACTThis study was designed to develop a rapid, sensitive, accurate, and inexpensive Fourier Transform Infrared Reflectance (FT-IR) Spectroscopy coupled with Principle Component Analysis (PCA) as a detection technique to evaluate the solubility of 11-Keto-β-Boswellic acid (KBA), from the gum resin extracted from the Omani frankincense, (Boswellia sacra) in the liver of STZ induced diabetic mice. This study also investigated the effect of KBA on the histological changes of hepatocytes of diabetic mice. Liver tissue samples from three groups of mice included normal control group, diabetic control group and diabetic group treated IP with KBA were scanned with FT-IR spectrophotometer in the reflection mode. FT-IR Spectra were collected in the wavenumber range from 400 to 4000cm-1 using ATR accessorry. The results of FT-IR Spectra were analyzed by using multivariate method Principle Component Analysis. The PCA score plot is an exploratory multivariate method indicated that there was a complete segregation among the three groups of liver samples based on change in variation of position of wavenumber in FT-IR spectra, which revealed that there is a clear effect of KBA solubility on treatments. The histological features showed an improvement in the liver tissues with normal structures of hepatocytes with exhibiting mild vacuolations in their cytoplasm. In conclusion, reflectance FT-IR spectroscopy coupled with PCA could be deployed as a new detection method for rapid, low cost and non-destructive method for evaluating of treatment effects in diseased liver tissue based on the solubility of KBA. Histological findings demonstrated the protective effective of KBA on improving the morphology of liver tissue in diabetic mice which resulted in complete recovery to the damage observed in diabetic control group.Summary StatementReflectance FT-IR spectroscopy coupled with PCA has been deployed as a new rapid, inexpensive and non-destructive detection method to examine the solubility of 11-keto-β-Boswellic acid (KBA) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced-diabetes mice liver tissue following intraperitoneal treatment. Moreover, microscopic study of liver tissue histopathology revealed that KBA has a protecting effect against STZ damage.

Influence of KBr conditioning on the infrared hydroxyl-stretching region of saponites

Clay Minerals ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pelletier ◽  
L. J. Michot ◽  
O. Barrès ◽  
B. Humbert ◽  
S. Petit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Layer Charge ◽  
Tetrahedral Sheet ◽  
Stretching Vibration ◽  
Sheet Charge

AbstractIn order to assess the influence of tetrahedral sheet charge on the hydroxyl-stretching vibration in clay minerals, a series of synthetic Na-saponites, with increasing layer charge, was studied by infrared (IR) spectroscopy. When recorded after KBr dilution either in transmission or diffuse reflectance, the IR spectra exhibit a component at ~3710 cm-1, the intensity of which increases linearly with increasing layer charge. When experiments are carried out without any dilution of the samples, this component is not observed, suggesting a Na+/K+ exchange upon mixing of the sample with KBr. The spectra obtained for K-saponite confirm this exchange. This shows that the dilution procedure can lead to serious misinterpretations of IR spectra in the OH-stretching region.

scholarly journals Application of FT-IR spectroscopy in detection of food hydrocolloids  in confectionery jellies and food supplements

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Čopíková ◽  
M. Černá ◽  
M. Novotná ◽  
J. Kaasová ◽  
A. Synytsya
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Food Supplements ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

FT-IR spectra of isolated high molecule fractions were measured and used for identification of food hydrocolloids in confectionery jellies and food supplements. The simple comparison of spectra of standards and samples proved that this technique is useful for the monitoring of food hydrocolloids in particular food products.

scholarly journals Effect of Jarosite on the Removal of Arsenic ions in Sulfuric Acid Solution

2005 ◽  
Vol 121 (12) ◽  
pp. 597-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichi TOMIOKA ◽  
Naoki HIROYOSHI ◽  
Yasumasa KUBO ◽  
Masami TSUNEKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Solution ◽  
Removal Of Arsenic

Cycloalkylidenselenoketene durch Pyrolyse von 1,2,3-Selenadiazolen — Untersuchungen mit der temperaturabhängigen PE-Spektroskopie und Matrix-IR-Spektroskopie [1]

1984 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1536-1540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Schulz ◽  
Armin Schweig
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Matrix Ir Spectroscopy

Abstract The gas-phase pyrolysis of cyclohexeno-1,2,3-selenadiazole and cycloocteno-1,2,3-selenadiazole has been investigated by variable temperature photoelectron spectroscopy and matrix IR spectroscopy. The ring contracted, highly reactive products cyclopentylidenselenoketene (cyclopentylidenmethanselone) and cycloheptylidenselenoketene (cycloheptylidenmethanselone) - which had not been found in liquid phase thermolysis experiments - have been detected. Additionally HeI photoelectron and IR spectra of analogous ketenes and thioketenes are presented for comparative reasons.

Thermogravimetric, infrared and mass-spectroscopic analysis of the desorption of methanol, propan-1-ol, propan-2-ol and 2-methylpropan-2-ol from montmorillonite

Clay Minerals ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Breen ◽  
J. J. Flynn ◽  
G. M. B. Parkes
Keyword(s):  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Spectral Data ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Trivalent Cation ◽  
Mass Spectral Data ◽  
Mass Spectral

AbstractThe desorption of methanol (MeOH), propan-1-ol (n-PrOH), propan-2-ol (i-PrOH) and 2-methylpropan-2-ol (t-BuOH) from Na+-, Ca2+-, Al3+-, Cr3+- and Fe3+-exchanged montmorillonite has been studied using variable temperature infrared (IR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Alcohol-saturated trivalent cation (M3+) exchanged samples exhibit maxima in the derivative thermograms at 20 and 110°C (MeOH), 30 and 160°C (n-PrOH), 20 and 110°C (i-PrOH) and 20, 55 and 80°C (t-BuOH). Alcohol-saturated Na+ and Ca2+-exchanged montmorillonite samples exhibit maxima at higher temperatures in the i-PrOH (20 and 140°C) and t-BuOH (30, 90 and 110°C) desorption profiles but at the same temperatures for MeOH and n-PrOH. Mass spectroscopic analysis of the vapours desorbed from the alcohol-treated samples show that the low-temperature maxima in the alcohol desorption from the M3+-exchanged clays are due to unchanged alcohol, whilst those occurring at 80°C (t-BuOH), 110°C (i-PrOH) and 160°C (n-PrOH) are due, in the main, to alkene produced from the intramolecular dehydration of the respective alcohol. Changes in the IR spectra of the adsorbed alcohols occur at temperatures which are in accord with the mass spectral data. No mass spectral evidence was found for the formation of dialkylethers via the competing intermolecular process but dimerisation and oligomerisation of t-BuOH were observed.

scholarly journals Infrared Absorption Study of Zn–S Hybrid and ZnS Ultrathin Films Deposited on Porous AAO Ceramic Support

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksymilian Włodarski ◽  
Matti Putkonen ◽  
Małgorzata Norek
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Ultrathin Films ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Porous Support ◽  
Ceramic Support ◽  
Developed Surface

Infrared (IR) spectroscopy is a powerful technique to characterize the chemical structure and dynamics of various types of samples. However, the signal-to-noise-ratio drops rapidly when the sample thickness gets much smaller than penetration depth, which is proportional to wavelength. This poses serious problems in analysis of thin films. In this work, an approach is demonstrated to overcome these problems. It is shown that a standard IR spectroscopy can be successfully employed to study the structure and composition of films as thin as 20 nm, when the layers were grown on porous substrates with a well-developed surface area. In contrast to IR spectra of the films deposited on flat Si substrates, the IR spectra of the same films but deposited on porous ceramic support show distinct bands that enabled reliable chemical analysis. The analysis of Zn-S ultrathin films synthesized by atomic layer deposition (ALD) from diethylzinc (DEZ) and 1,5-pentanedithiol (PDT) as precursors of Zn and S, respectively, served as proof of concept. However, the approach presented in this study can be applied to analysis of any ultrathin film deposited on target substrate and simultaneously on porous support, where the latter sample would be a reference sample dedicated for IR analysis of this film.

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