Design and Performance Analysis on CO2 Combined System in Supermarket

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 1219-1225
Author(s):  
Jing Hong Ning ◽  
Sheng Chun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Space Cooling ◽  
Gas Cooling ◽  
And Performance

This paper reports a combined space cooling, space heating, water heating and food refrigeration system (named CO2 combined system) in supermarket. This system using CO2 as the working fluid consists of a two-stage CO2 transcritical cycle used for food refrigeration, a single-stage CO2 transcritical cycle for space cooling in summer and space heating in winter. The waste heat emitted from the CO2 gas cooling in food refrigeration cycle and space cooling and space heating cycles is recovered by heat recover exchanger and is used to provide hot water for space heating and for general usage, such as the catering, the washing and the toilet facilities in the supermarket. So this CO2 combined system improves the coefficient of performance, decreases the energy consumption as well as reduces the heat pollution. Moreover, this CO2 combined system is compared with typical conventional supermarket technology, the results show that the energy consumption of CO2 combined system is reduced largely and energy efficiency is increased obviously. It can be concluded that the CO2 combined system has a good future for protecting environment and saving energy.

scholarly journals Analysis of Annual Energy Use Intensities (EUIs) by End-Use in Apartment Units According to Stratification Variables (2017 – 2018)

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 04013
Author(s):  
Hye-Sun Jin ◽  
Han-Young Lim ◽  
You-Jeong Kim ◽  
Soo-Jin Lee ◽  
Sung-Im Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Building Sector ◽  
Domestic Hot Water ◽  
Space Cooling ◽  
End Use

To achieve the goal of reducing greenhouses gases, many countries have recognized the importance of energy conservation in the building sector, and such countries are considerably strengthening their building energy conservation policies by reinforcing design standards, encouraging remodeling, and requiring zero-energy construction. In order to effectively strengthen these policies, it is necessary to provide information concerning energy consumption in the building sector to ensure the technical and economic feasibility of policies in the marketplace, and to allow building users and policy makers to easily access and understand energy consumption characteristics. It is important to provide information that allows people to effectively understand the state of energy consumption by end-use (space heating, space cooling, domestic hot water, etc.) as part of the creation of a concrete plan for energy reduction that incorporates various service systems and is familiar to people. This is because providing such information plays an important role in establishing concrete policies and encouraging voluntary energy performance improvements by building occupants. South Korea operates the Korea Energy Statistics Information System (KESIS) and the information provided by this type of information system consists mainly of energy consumption by energy source (electricity, gas, etc.), and such systems remain inadequate for providing effective information on energy consumption and energy use intensity (EUI) by end-use (space heating, space cooling, domestic hot water, etc.) as part of the creation of a concrete plan for energy conservation. In order to accurately provide energy consumption information by end-use rather than limit the information to mainly consumption corresponding to energy sources, in this study, measurement systems were installed in 2014 ~ 2016 based on the overall sampling designs of previous studies for apartment units, classifications, measurement and data gathering methods for energy consumption by end-use. The annual statistical values for EUI by end-use were collected from the measurement data for 71 sample apartment units from May 2017 to April 2018. This data was calculated and analyzed using stratification variable levels for completion year, supplied area, and the heat source type.

Experimental Analysis on Vapour Compression Refrigeration System Using Nanolubricant with HFC-134a Refrigerant

Nano Hybrids ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Manoj Babu ◽  
S. Nallusamy ◽  
K. Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Refrigeration System ◽  
Hfc 134A ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Vapour Compression ◽  
Better Than

This paper investigates the reliability and performance of a refrigeration system using nanolubricant with 1, 1, 1, 2-Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) refrigerant. Mineral Oil (MO) is mixed with nanoparticles such as Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) and Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3). These mixtures were used as the lubricant instead of Polyolester (POE) oil in the HFC-134a refrigeration system as HFC-134a does not compatible with raw mineral oil. An investigation was done on compatibility of mineral oil and nanoparticles mixture at 0.1 and 0.2 grams / litre with HFC-134a refrigerant. To carry out this investigation, an experimental setup was designed and fabricated in the lab. The refrigeration system performance with the nanolubricant was investigated by using energy consumption test. The results indicate that HFC-134a and mineral oil with above mentioned nanoparticles works normally and safely in the refrigeration system. The refrigeration system performance was better than the HFC-134a and POE oil system. Thus nanolubricant (Mixture of Mineral Oil (MO) and nanoParticles) can be used in refrigeration system to considerably reduce energy consumption and better Coefficient of Performance (COP).

Performance of Air Conditioners With Commercial Desuperheaters: A Green Energy Project as an Undergraduate Research

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emin Yilmaz ◽  
Abhijit Nagchaudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Mechanical Systems ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Design Project ◽  
Heating Mode

The goal of the design project titled “Domestic Hot Water Heater Using Air Conditioner Waste Heat” was to introduce students to designing mechanical systems in the “ETME475-Mechanical Systems Design” course. Two students completed the design project in spring 2007. Some test runs were conducted with a commercial desuperheater to measure the efficiency of the unit and its effect on the Coefficient of Performance (COP) of the Heat Pump when the heat pump is operated in air conditioning (A/C) mode. Contrary to author’s expectations, results indicated that, COP values were reduced by about 22%. Measured efficiency of the desuperheater was about 18% [1]. The current project is an extension of the original project with the new National Instruments data acquisition board, a newly developed LabVIEW data acquisition program, and with a more realistic heat transfer loop. The study covers performance of the heat pump operating in A/C mode as well as in heating mode. Results indicate, depending on the water temperature in the desuperheater, heat pump COP dropped 6–17% in A/C mode and 8–38% in heating mode. Again depending on the average water temperature in the ECU, the ECU efficiencies ranged from 12% to 27% for cooling and 11% to 39% for heating.

scholarly journals Numerical and Experimental Study on the Performance of Thermoelectric Radiant Panel for Space Heating

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hansol Lim ◽  
Jae-Weon Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Thermoelectric Module ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Joule Effect ◽  
Heating Capacity ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Radiant Panel ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Heating Mode

The purpose of this study is to investigate the suitable operation and performance of a thermoelectric radiant panel (TERP) in the heating operation. First, the hypothesis was suggested that the heating operation of TERP can operate without a heat source at the cold side according to theoretical considerations. To prove this hypothesis, the thermal behavior of the TERP was investigated during the heating operation using a numerical simulation based on the finite difference method. The results indicated that it is possible to heat the radiant panel using a thermoelectric module without fan operation via the Joule effect. A mockup model of the TERP was constructed, and the numerical model and hypothesis were validated in experiment 1. Moreover, experiment 2 was performed to evaluate the necessity of fan operation in the heating operation of TERP regarding energy consumption. The results revealed that the TERP without fan operation showed the higher coefficient of performance (COP) in the heating season. After determining the suitable heating operation of the TERP, prediction models for the heating capacity and power consumption of the TERP were developed using the response surface methodology. Both models exhibited good R2 values of >0.94 and were validated within 10% error bounds in experimental cases. These prediction models are expected to be utilized in whole-building simulation programs for estimating the energy consumption of TERPs in the heating mode.

Simulation Study on Solar Collector - Air Source Heat Pump Combined System for Space Heating in Cold Region

2012 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 478-481
Author(s):  
Zhen Qing Wang ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Hai Xia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Air Source Heat Pump

An air source heat pump system (ASHPS) was set up, which provided space heating and cooling, as well as hot water for an office building in Tianjin. Its operating performance in winter was evaluated based on test data. Considering the local abundant solar radiation and the way to provide energy in an office building, a simulation study was carried out on the combsystem of ASHP and flat plate air collector (FPAC). The effects of collector area and its outlet parameters on the heating performance of ASHP were studied, and the favorable operating and matching mode were recommended. The results indicate that ASHPS is a technically viable method in Tianjin in winter, but not economically, and the air-solar combsystem should be taken into account for its massive replacement for conventional energy.

COMPARISON OF COOLING AND HEATING REQUIREMENTS BETWEEN BRICK VENEER AND FIBRO CEMENT WALLING SYSTEM

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Swapan Saha ◽  
Dharma Hagare ◽  
Jiaqi Zhou ◽  
Md Kamrul Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Space Cooling ◽  
Brick Veneer ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
Modern House

Space cooling and heating in residential sector is significant contributor to energy consumption in Australia. Therefore, it is important to reduce the cooling and heating requirements. The selection of a good walling system helps to save energy by homes. This research compared the thermal efficiency of a modern house (constructed using brick veneer walls with concrete floor slab) with an old house (constructed using fibro cement walls raised timber floor) using the AccuRate simulation tool. A standard house with two living rooms, one kitchen, one laundry and four bedrooms are simulated in a Sydney Suburb in Australia. It was found that modern house showed lower inside temperature variation than the old house all year around. The results also showed that the modern house has a lower energy consumption for space heating and cooling than the old house. The annual energy use for space heating and cooling in both the modern house and old house were 5197 kWh and 15,712 kWh respectively. Moreover, the annual energy costs were found to be $1,403 and $4,242 respectively for modern and old houses. The modern brick veneer house saved about 33 % of energy compared to old old house. When the net present value of the energy cost for f both houses over 50 years is computed, the energy cost of modern house was found to be $25,629 while it of old house is was $77,488 for the old house.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic analysis on an instantaneous water heating system of shower wastewater source heat pump

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuguo Wu ◽  
Yake Jiang ◽  
Bo Gao ◽  
Zhigang Liu ◽  
Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Heat Transfer Area ◽  
Discharge Pressure

Abstract Water reuse and desalination systems are energy intensive processes, and their increasing use is leading energy consumption within water systems to be an increasingly important issue. Shower wastewater contains large amounts of heat, so there is an opportunity to recover energy from shower water to offset energy consumption elsewhere in water systems. This paper found ways to increase the output of hot water and lower the energy consumption by establishing a thermodynamic model of an instantaneous wastewater source heat pump. The system proved to be very effective, the heating COP (coefficient of performance) can reach 3.3 even in the winter. Under the conditions of limited heat transfer area, reducing the suction pressure of a compressor is a more feasible way to increase the hot water output to meet the needs of users rather than increasing the discharge pressure. Besides, increasing the heat transfer area of the evaporator is a more effective option. When the heat transfer area of evaporator varies from 0.5 to 1.0 square meters, a notable change is that the heating COP increases from 3.283 to 3.936. The heating COP in a system with a recuperator can reach 5.672, almost double that compared to the original systems.

Modelling of an Indirect Solar-Assisted Heat Pump System for a High Performance Residential House

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Chu ◽  
Cynthia A. Cruickshank ◽  
Wilkie Choi ◽  
Stephen J. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Solar Thermal Collectors

Heat pumps are commonly used for residential space-heating and cooling. The combination of solar thermal and heat pump systems as a single solar-assisted heat pump (SAHP) system can significantly reduce residential energy consumption in Canada. As a part of Team Ontario’s efforts to develop a high performance house for the 2013 DOE Solar Decathlon Competition, an integrated mechanical system (IMS) consisting of a SAHP was investigated. The system is designed to provide domestic hot water, space-heating, space-cooling and dehumidification. The system included a cold and a hot thermal storage tank and a heat pump to move energy from the low temperature reservoir, to the hot. The solar thermal collectors supplies heat to the cold storage and operate at a higher efficiency due to the heat pump reducing the temperature of the collector working fluid. The combination of the heat pump and solar thermal collectors allows more heat to be harvested at a lower temperature, and then boosted to a suitable temperature for domestic use via the heat pump. The IMS and the building’s energy loads were modeled using the TRNSYS simulation software. A parametric study was conducted to optimize the control, sizing and configuration of the system. This paper provides an overview of the model and summarizes the results of the study. The simulation results suggested that the investigated system can achieve a free energy ratio of about 0.583 for a high performance house designed for the Ottawa climate.

Thermal Design and Performance Optimization of the ORC System for the Waste Heat Recovery in Refining Petroleum Industry

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Jian Song ◽  
Chunwei Gu
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Thermal Design ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Heat Sources ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
And Performance

As the increase of the energy consumption and the deterioration of environment, a carbon tax will be imposed in China to reduce carbon emissions strictly and the industrial waste heat recovery has been getting more attention. The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system has been proven to be a promising solution for the utilization of the low-grade heat sources. There are five waste heat sources from a 1.2 million ton reforming and extraction unit in Shijiazhuang Refining & Chemical Company of China. The temperatures of the waste heat sources are 98∼80°C, 104∼80°C, 147∼80°C, 205∼80°C and 205∼80°C, and the heat loads are 6.5MW, 11.5MW, 8.6MW, 3.8MW and 2.2MW, respectively. This paper studies the thermal design and performance optimization of a comprehensive utilization system for these waste heat sources, using ORC technology. The selection of suitable organic fluid is studied and the working parameters are designed and optimized with the application of the first law and the second law of thermodynamics. When the ORC systems are designed separately for the recovery of five waste heat sources, and the total power output is 3338.89kW with different organic working fluids. However this kind of designs leads to a very complex recovery system which needs large investment and space occupation. To reduce the overall system complexity, a single ORC system is proposed to recover all five heat sources, and the total amount of output power will only be 2813.02kW, due to the large exergy loss. With the above results shown, and for the purpose of simple system with large power output, this paper further studies the dual ORC systems heat recovery plan, with R245fa as the top cycle working fluid and R141b as the bottom cycle working fluid. The total amount of power output to 3353.27kW. The dual systems with single working fluid heat recovery plan is also studied, and with R141b as the working fluid for both the top cycle and the bottom cycle, the total amount of power output is 3325.03kW, and the heat recovery system is simple and compact, with good economical benefit.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Residential Combined Cooling, Heating, and Power Generation System in Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navid Ekrami
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Thermally Driven ◽  
Cogeneration System ◽  
Power Generation System ◽  
Charging And Discharging Processes

In order to investigate the feasibility of a combined heating, cooling, and power generation system in the residential sector, an integrated system was designed and installed at the Archetype Sustainable House (ASH) of the Toronto and Region Conservation Authority (TRCA). A Stirling engine based cogeneration unit was used to produce the thermal energy for a thermally driven chiller. The engine supplies hot water up to 95°C. The overall efficiency of up to 90% is determined for the cogeneration system. A thermo-chemical accumulator provided by the ClimateWell AB, was installed and connected to the cogeneration unit. The experimental coefficient of performance (COP) of this chiller during the test period was less than 0.4. Since the ClimateWell chiller rejects heat during both charging and discharging processes, a heat recovery system using three cascade tanks and an outdoor fan coil was designed and installed to utilize the waste heat, for domestic hot water production. A complete TRNSYS model of the tri-generation system was used to verify the experimental results.

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