A Multifunctional Drilling Fluid for Coalbed Methane Drilling

2012 ◽  
Vol 455-456 ◽  
pp. 1317-1323
Author(s):  
Li Hui Zheng ◽  
Ming Wei Zhang ◽  
Yong Lin
Keyword(s):  
Coalbed Methane ◽  
Horizontal Well ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Well Bore ◽  
Lost Circulation ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Air Drilling

With extremely complicated geological conditions, there is abundant coalbed methane in the China's Ordos Basin Area. As a result of coexistence of different pressure systems in the same one naked well section, there are so many problems taking place occasionally during the drilling process, such as the formation lost circulation and collapse, which require the drilling fluid with a perfect rheology behavior and inhibitive to improve the well-bore containment. The coalbed methane well completions are diverse, usually including vertical well, horizontal well, multi-branch well, and other different well types. So the drilling fluid must have cuttings carried effectively and protect formation damaged to ensure that the process of drilling is security and smooth. Lots of drilling methods are used in the coalbed methane drilling, besides normal nearly balanced drilling, the under balance drilling fluids such as the air, fog, foam, etc particularly improved. All this drilling fluids require itself working compatibility with other fluids in the hole. Therefore, the special state-funded science and technology project has developed a novel bionic Fuzzy-Ball drilling fluid to meet the coalbed methane. Without additional equipments, this novel drilling fluids can be made, with non-solid phase and low density, 0.8~1.0 g/cm3. The inert solids can also be used to adjust the property to more than 1.0g/cm3, matching the near/under-balanced drilling. The formation well-bore containment can effectively improve to meet to the more than 1000 meters coalbed methane drilling in the open or low pressure formation, To portable cuttings effectively under low rate, the ratio of yield point and plastic viscosity can be adjusted to 1.0Pa/mPa•s or more. Combined with the air drilling, this novel Fuzzy-Ball material could not be converted to fluid to solve the formation water production, cavings, completion and other operations. 10 wells application of using the Fuzzy-Ball drilling fluid to complete the coal bed methane wells overcoming water production, collapse, lost circulation and air drilling etc, taking five branches well FL-H2-L, "U" horizontal well DFS-02-H2, water production and collapse well J35, air drilling CLY22 for examples, are introduced to indicate the bionic Fuzzy-Ball fluid application on the coalbed methane drilling spot.

Modern Rheological Analysis of Drilling Fluids

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Schulz ◽  
Heike Strauß ◽  
Matthias Reich
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Hydraulic Calculation ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Rheological Analysis ◽  
Lost Circulation ◽  
Solids Transport ◽  
Drilling Technology ◽  
The Cost

Rheological analysis provides a good comprehension of the deformation and flow of substances under different stress conditions. The complex composition of the drilling fluid and the versatile functions makes rheological studies here indispensable as well as in other scientific fields like the food industry and material science. In spite of adding many high-quality additives to the drilling fluids, problems still occur, such as barite-sag, lost circulation, change of mud properties (particularly at high and very low temperature), solids transport. Others are often mentioned as reasons for increasing the cost of wells. The areas in which rheology plays an important role in drilling technology will be highlighted in this article. The reason, why the characterization with the Fann-viscometer alone is not enough for a detailed view on rheology will be focused on. In addition, measuring methods which are able to provide detailed information about gel strength, consistency, gel destruction, gel build up process and yield point have been investigated. A short overview of the basics of rheology is given. In this article, novel procedures will be shown on the basis of flow curve, hysteresis loops, amplitude sweep and 3-interval-thixotropy-test (3ITT). With these procedures, deeper knowledge about the drilling fluid system can be obtained. Implementing these procedures and considering their results in hydraulic calculation programs or taking them into account by the design of drilling fluids, can reduce costs and lead to safer drilling process in general.

Fuzzy Ball Drilling Fluid for CBM in the Ordos Basin of China

2013 ◽  
Vol 651 ◽  
pp. 717-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Feng Wang ◽  
Jin Gen Deng
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Damage Control ◽  
Ordos Basin ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Auxiliary Equipment ◽  
Lost Circulation ◽  
Zone Control ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
Air Drilling ◽  
Formation Damage Control

Fuzzy ball drilling fluids have been developed in order to effectively control lost circulation during CBM drilling. Depending upon fuzzy balls and colloids in fuzzy balls, the fuzzy ball drilling fluids changed their shapes and properties to completely plug underground heterogeneous seepage channels so as to strengthen the pressure bearing capacity of formations. This paper describes the available features of the fuzzy ball drilling fluid including efficient plugging, good carrying and suspension, formation damage control, compatible weighted by any weighted materials without auxiliary equipment. The fuzzy ball drilling fluids can finish drilling in low pressure natural gas zone, control CBM leakage; control the natural fractures, drilling in different pressures in the same open hole, combination with the air drilling mode, etc. during Ordos CBM drilling. The fuzzy ball drilling fluid will not affect down-hole motors and MWD. The fuzzy ball drilling fluid will be blend simply as conventional water based drilling fluids. The existing CBM drilling equipment can completely meet the fuzzy ball drilling mixing and it is maintained conveniently. The fuzzy ball drilling fluid is the efficient drilling fluid.

scholarly journals Research of Bare-Free Drilling Fluids

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
Ekaterina L. Leusheva ◽  
Nazim T. Alikhanov
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Rheological Parameters ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
The Stability

Mining and geological conditions for the development of new fields are becoming more difficult every year. Accordingly, the requirements for ensuring the environmental and technological safety of the drilling process are becoming more and more important. To ensure such a process, it is necessary to use correctly selected drilling fluids with proper characteristics: rheological parameters sufficient for effective cleaning of the well bottom, density sufficient to create back pressure, fluid loss to ensure a high-quality filter cake. Modern environmental requirements dictate the abandonment of hydrocarbon-based solutions. But when using water-based solutions, there are no suitable solutions, especially with their high density, since the use of barite can lead to a decrease in reservoir productivity. In this regard, the analysis of the problem and the search for options for creating water-based drilling fluids, weighted without the addition of barite, having the properties of maintaining the stability of the wellbore, ensuring safe drilling and opening productive formations without damaging the reservoir characteristics, was carried out. Such a solution was found in changing the base of the drilling fluid - highly mineralized fluids or solutions based on saturated brines. Brines must be created on the basis of inorganic salts that have good solubility, for example, chlorides, bromides. Due to the content of salts, the fluids have an inhibitory effect, and depending on the volume of dissolution, the density of the drilling fluids can be controlled. The scientific works of foreign and domestic scientists analyzed in the article have been published over the past five years, which indicates the relevance of this development. The selected compositions are presented and theoretically investigated, which were also tested in the field conditions.

Application of Ultrafine Weighting Materials in High-Density Oil-Based Drilling Fluid Technology

2015 ◽  
Vol 814 ◽  
pp. 338-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Ye ◽  
Wen Hua An ◽  
Da Yin ◽  
Qing Wen Zhang ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
High Density ◽  
Suspension Stability ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Powder Particle Size ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Lost Circulation

High-density oil-based drilling fluid already was considered as one of the most effective technologies during the HTHP Ultra-deep well drilling process. The weighting materials sag such as barite sag, however, always occurred because of the density contrast between the base oil and the weighting material, and hence sag can result in excessive torque, lost circulation and many other problems. This study applied three kinds of ultra-fine powder (particle size≤4μm), which are new weighting materials, to replace the common API barite (particle size10~70μm). The different kinds of high-density oil-based drilling fluids, which weighted with micronized barite, micronized ilmenite, manganese tetraoxide and API barite, were prepared and evaluated separately in lab. The performance data showed that compared with conventional weighting materials, the application of ultrafine powder technology could greatly optimize the rheology of high-density oil-based drilling fluids (ρ ≥ 2.3 g/cm3), reduce the amount of emulsifiers about 50% and dramatically enhance the dynamic suspension-stability of the system, Furthermore, OBM drilling fluids weighted with ultrafine weighting materials almost presented lower viscosity, shear force and sedimentation rate, which will meet more severe requirements of ultra-deep complex well drilling.

Fuzzy Ball Drilling Fluids for CBM in the Ordos Basin of China

2012 ◽  
Vol 602-604 ◽  
pp. 843-846
Author(s):  
Zuo Chen Li ◽  
Zhi Heng Zhang ◽  
Liang Zhan ◽  
Jia Rong Cai
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Damage Control ◽  
Ordos Basin ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Auxiliary Equipment ◽  
Lost Circulation ◽  
Zone Control ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
Air Drilling ◽  
Formation Damage Control

Fuzzy ball drilling fluids have been developed in order to effectively control lost circulation during CBM drilling. Depending upon fuzzy balls and colloids in fuzzy balls, the fuzzy ball drilling fluids changed their shapes and properties to completely plug underground heterogeneous seepage channels so as to strengthen the pressure bearing capacity of formations. This paper describes the available features of the fuzzy ball drilling fluid including efficient plugging, good carrying and suspension, formation damage control, compatible weighted by any weighted materials without auxiliary equipment. The fuzzy ball drilling fluids can finish drilling in low pressure natural gas zone, control CBM leakage; control the natural fractures, drilling in different pressures in the same open hole, combination with the air drilling mode, etc. during Ordos CBM drilling. The fuzzy ball drilling fluid will not affect down-hole motors and MWD. The fuzzy ball drilling fluid will be blend simply as conventional water based drilling fluids. The existing CBM drilling equipment can completely meet the fuzzy ball drilling mixing and it is maintained conveniently. The fuzzy ball drilling fluid is the efficient drilling fluid.

scholarly journals Laboratory Study on Core Fracturing Simulations for Wellbore Strengthening

Geofluids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biao Ma ◽  
Xiaolin Pu ◽  
Zhengguo Zhao ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Wenxin Dong
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Lost Circulation ◽  
The Core ◽  
Fracture Pressure ◽  
Fluid Systems ◽  
Fracturing Process ◽  
Wellbore Strengthening

The lost circulation in a formation is one of the most complicated problems that have existed in drilling engineering for a long time. The key to solving the loss of drilling fluid circulation is to improve the pressure-bearing capacity of the formation. The tendency is to improve the formation pressure-bearing capacity with drilling fluid technology for strengthening the wellbore, either to the low fracture pressure of the formation or to that of the naturally fractured formation. Therefore, a laboratory study focused on core fracturing simulations for the strengthening of wellbores was conducted with self-developed fracture experiment equipment. Experiments were performed to determine the effect of the gradation of plugging materials, kinds of plugging materials, and drilling fluid systems. The results showed that fracture pressure in the presence of drilling fluid was significantly higher than that in the presence of water. The kinds and gradation of drilling fluids had obvious effects on the core fracturing process. In addition, different drilling fluid systems had different effects on the core fracture process. In the same case, the core fracture pressure in the presence of oil-based drilling fluid was less than that in the presence of water-based drilling fluid.

scholarly journals Numerical Modeling of Foam Drilling Hydraulics

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozcan Baris ◽  
Luis Ayala ◽  
W. Watson Robert
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Lost Circulation ◽  
Pressure Profiles ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Parametric Studies ◽  
Bit Life ◽  
Foam Drilling

The use of foam as a drilling fluid was developed to meet a special set of conditions under which other common drilling fluids had failed. Foam drilling is defined as the process of making boreholes by utilizing foam as the circulating fluid. When compared with conventional drilling, underbalanced or foam drilling has several advantages. These advantages include: avoidance of lost circulation problems, minimizing damage to pay zones, higher penetration rates and bit life. Foams are usually characterized by the quality, the ratio of the volume of gas, and the total foam volume. Obtaining dependable pressure profiles for aerated (gasified) fluids and foam is more difficult than for single phase fluids, since in the former ones the drilling mud contains a gas phase that is entrained within the fluid system. The primary goal of this study is to expand the knowledge-base of the hydrodynamic phenomena that occur in a foam drilling operation. In order to gain a better understanding of foam drilling operations, a hydrodynamic model is developed and run at different operating conditions. For this purpose, the flow of foam through the drilling system is modeled by invoking the basic principles of continuum mechanics and thermodynamics. The model was designed to allow gas and liquid flow at desired volumetric flow rates through the drillstring and annulus. Parametric studies are conducted in order to identify the most influential variables in the hydrodynamic modeling of foam flow. 

Inhibiting Calcium Chloride Heavy Brines to be Used as Drilling Fluids: Hurdles Encountered in Treatment, Application, Corrosion Mitigation, Solubility, and Foaming Tendencies for Drilling Sites in Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thenuka M. Ariyaratna ◽  
Nihal U. Obeyesekere ◽  
Tharindu S. Jayaneththi ◽  
Jonathan J. Wylde
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Inhibitor ◽  
Corrosion Inhibitors ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Test Fluid ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Drill Cuttings ◽  
Well Completion ◽  
Completion Fluids

Abstract A need for more economic drilling fluids has been addressed by repurposing heavy brines typically used as completion fluids. Heavy brine corrosion inhibitors have been designed for stagnant systems. Drilling fluids are subjected to both heavy agitation and aeration through recirculation systems and atmospheric exposure during the various stages of the drilling process. This paper documents the development of heavy brine corrosion inhibitors to meet these additional drilling fluid requirements. Multiple system scenarios were presented requiring a methodical evaluation of corrosion inhibitor specifications while still maintaining performance. Due to the high density of heavy brine, traditional methods of controlling foaming were not feasible or effective. Additional product characteristics had to be modified to allow for the open mud pits where employees would be working, higher temperatures, contamination from drill cuttings, and product efficacy reduction due to absorption from solids. The product should not have any odor, should have a high flash point, and mitigate corrosion in the presence of drill cuttings, oxygen, and sour gases. Significant laboratory development and testing were done in order to develop corrosion inhibitors for use in heavy brines based on system conditions associated with completion fluids. The application of heavy brine as a drilling fluid posed new challenges involving foam control, solubility, product stability, odor control, and efficacy when mixed with drill cuttings. The key to heavy brine corrosion inhibitor efficacy is solubility in a supersaturated system. The solvent packages developed to be utilized in such environments were highly sensitive and optimized for stagnant and sealed systems. Laboratory testing was conducted utilizing rotating cylinder electrode tests with drill cuttings added to the test fluid. Product components that were found to have strong odors or low flash points were removed or replaced. Extensive foaming evaluations of multiple components helped identify problematic chemistries. Standard defoamers failed to control foaming but the combination of a unique solvent system helped to minimize foaming. The evaluations were able to minimize foaming and yield a low odor product that was suitable for open mud pits and high temperatures without compromising product efficacy. The methodology developed to transition heavy brine corrosion inhibitors from well completion applications to drilling fluid applications proved to be more complex than initially considered. This paper documents the philosophy of this transitioning and the hurdles that were overcome to ensure the final product met the unique system guidelines. The novel use of heavy brines as drilling fluids has created a need for novel chemistries to inhibit corrosion in a new application.

scholarly journals Study on the stability of a shear-thinning suspension used in oil well drilling

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia M. Fagundes ◽  
Nara B.C. Santos ◽  
João Jorge R. Damasceno ◽  
Fábio O. Arouca
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Shear Thinning ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Solid Liquid

In order to avoid solid-liquid gravitational separation of particles in the drilling fluid and cuttings generated in this process, the oil industry has been developing drilling fluids with shear-thinning and thixotropic characteristics. In case of operational stops in the drilling process, the intense sedimentation of these particles can damage the equipment used and the well. In this context, this study simulated an operational stop to obtain information about stability of solids in a paraffin-based suspension with time-dependent shear-thinning behavior, which has already been used in current drilling processes. A long-term test using gamma-ray attenuation technique identified the separation dynamics of a set of micrometric particles belonging to and incorporated into the drilling fluid during operation. This test verified the typical regions of gravitational sedimentation and, through constant concentration curves, indicated that the sedimentation process did not occur at a constant rate. This study also proposed a constitutive equation for pressure on solids.

Nano-Enhanced Drilling Fluids: Pioneering Approach to Overcome Uncompromising Drilling Problems

2011 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Abdo ◽  
M. Danish Haneef
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Lost Circulation ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Size Distribution Of Particles

The idea of pushing the limits of drilling oil and gas wells by improving drilling fluids for undemanding and cost efficient drilling operations by extracting advantage from the wonders of nanotechnology forms the basis of the work presented here. Foremost, in order to highlight the significance of reducing the size distribution of particles, new clay ATR which has a chain like structure and offers enormous surface area and increased reactivity was tested in different sizes that were chemically and mechanically milled. Bentonite which is a commonly used drilling fluid additive was also tested in different particle size distribution (PSD) and rheological properties were tested. Significant reduction in viscosity with small sized particles was recorded. The tested material called ATR throughout this paper is shown to offer better functionality than bentonite without the requirement of other expensive additives. Experiments were performed with different size distributions and compositions and drastic changes in rheological properties are observed. A detailed investigation of the shear thinning behavior was also carried out with ATR samples in order to confirm its functionality for eliminating the problem of mechanical and differential pipe sticking, while retaining suitable viscosity and density for avoidance of problems like lost circulation, poor hole cleaning and inappropriate operating hydrostatic pressures.

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