Aspects Regarding the Disc Brake's Thermal Stress Simulation by Using Infrared Thermography

2012 ◽  
Vol 463-464 ◽  
pp. 1197-1201
Author(s):  
Catalin Spulber ◽  
Ştefan Voloacă
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Brake Disc ◽  
The Road ◽  
Heating Source ◽  
A Value ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Stress Simulation

The paper proposes a new simulation method of a brake disc thermal stress resistance, for different temperatures, by interactive processing of images obtained by thermography. Temperature evaluation for different working regimes can be made by recording and processing thermograms of a brake disc heated inside the laboratory by an external heating source. Taken pictures along the temperature variation, from the ambient value to a value close to real one obtained on the usual experiments, are processed using image analyse software. This way can be simulated different working regimes (temperature, humidity etc.) without the need of experimental determination on the road or on a test bench.

Simulation study of satisfaction rate in the mixed traffic flow with open boundary conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (02) ◽  
pp. 1650023
Author(s):  
Khalid Bentaleb ◽  
Noureddine Lakouari ◽  
Hamid Ez-Zahraouy ◽  
Abdelilah Benyoussef
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Open Boundary ◽  
Open Boundary Conditions ◽  
Mixed Traffic Flow ◽  
The Road ◽  
Satisfaction Rate ◽  
A Value ◽  
Maximal Speed ◽  
On The Road ◽  
A Chain

In this paper, we propose a single-lane cellular automata (CA) traffic model which takes into account the disorder in the length and the maximal speed of the vehicles (i.e. slow and fast) to study the satisfaction rate of the fast vehicles (i.e. the number of vehicles that run with their desired speed) with open boundary conditions in the case of a chain of one entry; where [Formula: see text] is the injecting rate of vehicles independent of their nature and [Formula: see text] is the extracting rate. The slow vehicles are injected with the conditional probability [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is the concentration of the slow vehicles. It is found that for the low value of the injecting rate [Formula: see text] and for the high extraction rate [Formula: see text], the satisfaction rate takes higher values. It also depends on the concentration of the slow vehicles injected on the road. Furthermore, we have shown that, in the case when [Formula: see text], the satisfaction rate undergoes a transition from the maximal value to the minimal one and it takes a value near to zero in the case of [Formula: see text]. We have also found that the satisfaction rate depends strongly on the probability of overtaking, also the phase diagrams ([Formula: see text]) are established for the different values of the slow vehicles concentrations [Formula: see text].

Motorcycle Dynamics Simulation Based on Real Road Load

2009 ◽  
Vol 16-19 ◽  
pp. 318-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Hui Shi ◽  
Xi Hong Zou ◽  
Quan Shi ◽  
Shun Li Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Method ◽  
Virtual Prototype ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Virtual Test ◽  
Road Load ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Test Platform ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Motorcycle Dynamics

The motorcycle dynamics simulation method based on the road simulation test and virtual prototype is developed, and a rigid-flexible coupling virtual prototype with test platform of motorcycle is created with CATIA, NASTRAN and ADAMS software. According to two-channel tire-coupled road simulator of MTS Systems Corporation, the simulation model and platform are repetitively refined to fairly high precision by comparing simulation results with experimental results. The iterated excitation signal based on real road load or typical spectrum of different roads is imported into the virtual test platform, the comfort and durability tests of motorcycle can be undertaken to replace road simulator, the test period and cost are greatly reduced, and test security is increased.

scholarly journals Interpretation of Non-Exhaust Brake Emission Standard: Laboratory Testing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinfeng Zhang ◽  
Cheng Tian ◽  
Zhihui Niu ◽  
Xudong Li
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Brake Disc ◽  
Emission Standard ◽  
The Road ◽  
New Energy ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Detailed Interpretation ◽  
Safety Systems ◽  
New Energy Vehicles

Now there are more and more new energy vehicles on the road, compare to the traditional vehicles that use the oil to offer the power, the new energy vehicles use electric or hydrogen to offer the power, which have no exhaust pollution emission, but also have non-exhaust emission. Brake and tyre system are the special components of vehicles due to the frequent replacement, they are the main source of the non-exhaust emission. Brake system is one of the most important safety systems of vehicles. The system can reduce the speed of the vehicle and keep the vehicle stable when going downhill. Friction between brake disc and pads or shoes during driving creates small particles that are released into the atmosphere, soil and rivers. The particles have different dimensions, some element or matter inside maybe harmful to human and environment. So it is very important to know more about the non-exhaust brake emission. Here, we focus on the specification of GRPE-81-12 “Non-Exhaust Brake Emissions – Laboratory testing – Part 1: Inertia Dynamometer Protocol to Measure and Characterise Brake Emissions Using the WLTP-Brake Cycle” and do the detailed interpretation.

scholarly journals Probabilistic analysis of a virtual road traffic model

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 776-779
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Łukasik ◽  
Małgorzata Górska
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Computer Model ◽  
Probabilistic Analysis ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Traffic Model ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
The Road ◽  
Analogical Problem ◽  
On The Road

Based on the road infrastructure model developed in the publication [4], having data obtained from sources - observation points - in [6], and transferred thanks to telecommunications techniques analyzed in [8], it was possible to reflect traffic components and its monitoring on the examined virtual reality area. Using the simulation method, the problem of road traffic was transformed into the analogical problem of monitoring the trajectory in an computer model. This article considers the system's analytical layer.

scholarly journals Research on Virtual Test of Automobile Automatic Emergency Braking System on Ice-Snow Road

2021 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 02065
Author(s):  
Xianchao Zhu ◽  
Sheng Chang ◽  
Bingtao Li ◽  
Hualei Lu
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Time To Collision ◽  
The Road ◽  
Injury Reduction ◽  
Emergency Braking ◽  
Virtual Test ◽  
Braking Distance ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Basic Characteristics

In view of the severe weather conditions in cold regions, the basic characteristics and braking distance of ice snow covered pavement are analyzed. This paper uses the PreScan/CarSim/Simulink software co-simulation method to test the automatic emergency braking (AEB) system on ice-snow roads. Through the appropriate adjustment of the time to collision (TTC) threshold, the car makes automatic emergency braking on the road with low friction coefficient system can achieve the effect of collision avoidance and injury reduction.

scholarly journals EVALUASI KERUSAKAN PERKERASAN LENTUR RUAS TOL JAKARTA-CIKAMPEK DAN ALTERNATIF PENANGANANNYA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 837
Author(s):  
Hans Hendito ◽  
Anissa Noor Tajudin
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Load ◽  
Pavement Condition ◽  
The Road ◽  
Toll Road ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
A Value ◽  
Design Life ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Range Of Values

The most common causes of road damage are the design life of the road that has been passed, waterlogging on the road due to poor drainage, or even traffic load which can cause the service life of the road to be shorter than planned. To find out the conditions on the Jakarta-Cikampek Toll Road. Calculates the value of road pavement conditions calculated using the Indeks Kondisi Perkerasan (IKP) on the Jakarta-Cikampek Toll Road. To find out what kind of treatment we should do for the damage that occurs. The Indeks Kondisi Perkerasan is a quantitative indicator of pavement conditions that has a range of values ranging from 0 – 100, with a value of 0 representing the worst pavement condition while 100 representing the best pavement condition. The IKP method has a level of handling type for each IKP value. According to the IKP guidelines, the type of handling that must be carried out with an average IKP value of 96,32 is routine maintenance. For further research, it’s necessary to conduct a direct survey, so that accurate results can be obtained. It is necessary to study with various methods to be able to compare the level of accuracy of a method. ABSTRAKPenyebab kerusakan jalan yang paling umum adalah umur rencana jalan yang telah dilewati, genangan air pada jalan yang diakibatkan drainase yang buruk, atau bahkan beban lalu lintas yang berlebihan yang dapat menyebabkan umur pakai jalan akan menjadi lebih pendek daripada perencanaannya. Untuk mengetahui kondisi pada jalan Tol Jakarta-Cikampek. Menghitung nilai kondisi perkerasan jalan jika dihitung dengan Indeks Kondisi Perkerasan (IKP) pada ruas Tol Jakarta-Cikampek. Untuk mengetahui penanganan seperti apa yang harus kita lakukan terhadap kerusakan yang terjadi. Kondisi Perkerasan atau IKP adalah indikator kuantitatif (numerik) kondisi perkerasan yang mempunyai rentang nilai mulai 0 – 100, dengan nilai 0 nya menyatakan kondisi perkerasan paling jelek sementara 100 menyatakan kondisi perkerasan terbaik. Metode IKP memiliki tingkat jenis penanganan tiap nilai IKP. Menurut pedoman IKP, jenis penanganan yang harus dilakukan dengan nilai IKP rata-rata 96,32 adalah pemeliharaan rutin. Untuk penelitian selanjutnya, perlu untuk survei secara langsung, supaya hasil yang didapat lebih maksimal. Perlu diteliti dengan metode yang beragam untuk dapat membandingkan tingkat keakuratan sebuah metode.

The gully pot as a biochemical reactor

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory M. Morrison ◽  
D. Michael Revitt ◽  
J. Bryan Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Redox Potential ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Pore Waters ◽  
The Road ◽  
A Value ◽  
Additional Release ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Interstitial Waters

Roadside gully pots (catch basins) have been identified as potential sources that can make significant contributions to stormwater pollutant loadings. Between storm events the gully pot sediment and liquor undergo changes in composition as a result of biochemical reactions. Sediment maturation and acidic dissolution processes release pollutants from the contaminated chamber sediments and interstitial pore waters into the relatively clean gully pot liquor. Dissolved pollutant profiles for gully pot outflows therefore show substantial early contributions from gully pot liquor and interstitial waters reflecting microbial and geochemical degradation processes which act upon the trapped chamber sediments both during and between storm events. The majority of dissolved organic carbon is washed out in the gully pot outflow in the early low flow stages, suggesting that the main contributing source is the supernatant gully pot liquor. Small additional releases coincide with, and indicate additional releases of, soluble organics from the interstitial waters as the basal sediments are disturbed. Conductivity changes show that dissolved inorganics also exhibit efficient removal during the low flow stages of storms, with the absence of delayed peaks indicating a negligible contribution from the settled gully pot sediments. During storm events, low runoff rates produce marked decreases in pH levels from the initial gully pot liquor value of pH 6.0-7.1 to a value approaching typical rainfall levels (average rainfall pH = 4.1). This lowering of the pH indicates that the dissolved buffering agents initially present on the road surface and in the gully pot liquor have become depleted and exhaustion of dissolved Ca clearly illustrates this effect. Initial decreases in dissolved oxygen concentrations and redox potential are indicative of exposure of the reduced basal sediments as overlying supernatant liquor is washed out. A subsequent secondary decrease in redox potential, coinciding with increasing flows, is due to the additional release of reduced interstitial waters as the gully pot basal sediments are disturbed. Finally, dissolved oxygen levels return to normal as the oxygenated surface waters become predominant in the outflow waters.

Christian Medical College and Hospital: Serving with a Sense of Calling

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-294
Author(s):  
Puja Jain
Keyword(s):  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Christian Medical College ◽  
The Road ◽  
Medical College ◽  
A Value ◽  
Helping Others ◽  
Organisational Behaviour ◽  
On The Road

Doctors of Christian Medical College and Hospital (CMC&H), Ludhiana do not moonlight. In today’s world where people run behind money, there are doctors who do not do private practice and instead have chosen to work with CMC&H. Due to financial constraints, CMC&H neither is a very good paymaster nor has swanky infrastructure. The case study tries to explore answers to certain questions like what is the approach of doctors towards their work, and what is there in this charismatic CMC&H due to which doctors decide to stay with it? The case discusses the measures taken by CMC&H to pursue its mission to serve the society, especially the poor and the marginalized ones. The case also discusses the challenges which CMC&H is facing, which further raise questions like: will its financial constraints allow it to maintain its momentum to serve the society and continue with its legacy of healing and education? The case can be used to teach certain Human Resource Management/Organisational Behaviour (HR/OB) concepts like sense of calling, perception, HR practices, culture and moonlighting Dilemma: Should CMC&H continue with the existing systems/practices or should it bring some changes? Should doctors continue avoiding moonlighting in order to pursue their sense of calling? They stay longer even with low compensation. Moreover, they do not practise in private. Theory: Unique business model of the hospital Type of the case: Experience-based applied single case study Protagonist: Not needed Options Build a value-based culture. Invoke sense of calling. Redefine the purpose in life with a higher cause of helping others. Discussions and case Questions Analyse the reasons for the stay of doctors with CMC&H. What are the steps taken by CMC&H and its doctors to continue moving ahead on the road of its mission? How has CMC&H maintained its momentum to serve the society and continued with its legacy of healing and education? Will it be possible for CMC&H to continue doing so in the competitive environment that offers attractive alternatives for doctors as well as for patients? Should the doctors continue avoiding moonlighting?

scholarly journals Promotion of sexual health among seniors in the self-help media realm of popular culture

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariola Bieńko
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Health ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Average Life Span ◽  
The Road ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
A Value ◽  
Concept Of Health ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Rhetoric Of The Everyday

Abstract The issue of seniors’ sexuality, especially the aspect of sexual activity undertaken by people considered “old” is usually met with silence or even condemned. The stereotypical assumptions are that with age a person’s needs associated with feeling and realizing their own sexuality dissipate, and seniors are perceived as asexual beings. Only in the last decades of the XX century did this area of “taboo” become the subject of in-depth scientific interest and research. The average life span is increasing, and as research shows, so is the number of people who are sexually active and satisfied with intercourse at an elderly age. For hundreds of years, in Western culture, sexual health was equated with reproductive ability. The contemporary concept of health emphasizes that it is a value which allows a person to realize aspirations regardless of age. This article focuses on the content of guides which bring up the importance of seniors’ sexual health. The aestheticization characteristic of the late modern period forces a deconstruction of the concept of old age. In the rhetoric of the everyday and the narcissistic style of the realm of experts, experiencing old age simultaneously becomes a source of pleasure, as well as frustration on the road to an individual’s self-realization and self-creation.

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