The role of formal and informal institutional pressures in local gatekeepers' responses to international product recalls.

<p>Product recalls are omnipresent and unavoidable in the global marketplace. Despite the financial losses, brand equity damage, and the hazard to consumer health they impose there is little multidisciplinary international research on the phenomenon. A growing number of studies are investigating the impacts of product harm crises and the recalls and providing valuable implications, but little has been done to address the determinants of organisational behaviour and decision making during the product recall. The purpose of this thesis is to conduct an investigation into the role of local New Zealand gatekeepers and their interaction with international brands during an international product recall. I also investigate the institutional environment in which these firms operate in, and the influence it subjects to their product recall strategies and processes. Because of the lack of empirical research on international product recalls in the extant literature, a qualitative interpretative methodology based on semi-structured interviews is employed. Findings suggest that in the event of a potential product harm crisis leading to product recall in New Zealand, home country regulatory institutions take a collaborative approach with focal firms involved in the recall process. The gatekeeper orientation towards the customer, environmental institutional pressures (coercive and normative), and gatekeeper risk avoidance influence the gatekeeper to initiate preventative recalls. Furthermore, in face of a potential product harm crises, where the local gatekeeper is the dominant organisation, coercive institutional pressure to initiate a preventative recall is exerted towards the partnering international brand. In a severe international product harm crisis leading to product recall, normative institutional pressures encourage the local gatekeeper to initiate preventative product recalls and alongside the international brand, undertake proactive recall strategies. Whereas in ambiguous recall situations, mimetic institutional pressures encourage the local gatekeeper to initiate preventative product recalls and alongside the international brand undertake proactive recall strategies. I propose that in environments of weak formal institutions, informal institutional pressures play a greater role on gatekeeper and international brand recall strategies and processes. Traceability and supply chain knowledge are found to be vital in effective international product recalls.</p>

The role of formal and informal institutional pressures in local gatekeepers' responses to international product recalls.

<p>Product recalls are omnipresent and unavoidable in the global marketplace. Despite the financial losses, brand equity damage, and the hazard to consumer health they impose there is little multidisciplinary international research on the phenomenon. A growing number of studies are investigating the impacts of product harm crises and the recalls and providing valuable implications, but little has been done to address the determinants of organisational behaviour and decision making during the product recall. The purpose of this thesis is to conduct an investigation into the role of local New Zealand gatekeepers and their interaction with international brands during an international product recall. I also investigate the institutional environment in which these firms operate in, and the influence it subjects to their product recall strategies and processes. Because of the lack of empirical research on international product recalls in the extant literature, a qualitative interpretative methodology based on semi-structured interviews is employed. Findings suggest that in the event of a potential product harm crisis leading to product recall in New Zealand, home country regulatory institutions take a collaborative approach with focal firms involved in the recall process. The gatekeeper orientation towards the customer, environmental institutional pressures (coercive and normative), and gatekeeper risk avoidance influence the gatekeeper to initiate preventative recalls. Furthermore, in face of a potential product harm crises, where the local gatekeeper is the dominant organisation, coercive institutional pressure to initiate a preventative recall is exerted towards the partnering international brand. In a severe international product harm crisis leading to product recall, normative institutional pressures encourage the local gatekeeper to initiate preventative product recalls and alongside the international brand, undertake proactive recall strategies. Whereas in ambiguous recall situations, mimetic institutional pressures encourage the local gatekeeper to initiate preventative product recalls and alongside the international brand undertake proactive recall strategies. I propose that in environments of weak formal institutions, informal institutional pressures play a greater role on gatekeeper and international brand recall strategies and processes. Traceability and supply chain knowledge are found to be vital in effective international product recalls.</p>

Applying organisational behaviour theory to aid emergency staff retention

The purpose of this theoretical concept article is to spark a dialogue on the use of organisational behaviour theory to address emergency responder retention. In the United States, emergency medical services (EMS) appear to be burdened with continuing problems of retaining staff. Poor responder retention affects the ability of EMS to deliver high-quality services; without trained, educated and experienced first responders, the EMS system struggles, and what suffers is the ability to provide medical care. The authors set out to construct a pathway for addressing the underlying issues leading to the exodus of professionals using organisational behaviour theory. To develop the idea, an inductive logic approach was used to address underlying negative factors influencing poor retention and discuss the promise of organisational behaviour theory in improving the retention of responders.

Bibliometric analysis of Organisational Behaviour

This study aims to investigate the theoretical contributions on organisational behaviour and meritocracy. The methodology used involved exploratory analysis, based on bibliometric research. The data were extracted from the Scopus and Web of Science journal databases, accessed through the journals portal of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) and through the restricted access of the Federated Academic Community (Café) of the Instituto Federal Goiano (IF Goiano). The result obtained indicated the combination of the search terms, "organisational behaviour and merit". (Scopus and Web of Science). It was used as technical support, a set of open source solutions, R software, with techniques for filtering duplicate and non-pertinent publications, totaling 63 articles, ranging from the years 2015 to June 2021. It is clear that there is a concentration of terms reporting on public educational organisations, which focus on issues about performance and the positive effects of human behaviour. Finally, it was identified that the term merit is closer to contexts involving perspectives, gender, and market, while meritocracy subsidizes studies that address organisational social inequality and human resource management.

The effect of psychological contract on employees' organisational citizenship behaviour and the moderator role of five-factor personality traits in this effect

This study examines the relationship between psychological contract, organisational citizenship behaviours, and sub-dimensions of five-factor personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism) of employees in the private sector. In addition, it investigated whether the sub-dimensions of personality traits have moderator roles in the relationship between psychological contract and organisational citizenship behaviours. In order to achieve this aim, the number one model proposed by Hayes (2013) was taken as a basis in establishing the model related to the relationships between three variables. Employees in the private sector (accounting, health and information sectors) who carry out their activities in Istanbul, Ankara, Izmir and Mersin constituted the research universe. The convenience sampling method was chosen while identifying the sample due to the Covid 19 pandemic that affected the world. The data used in the study were collected with three scales between January 1-31, 2021. The analysis of the model established in the study was performed with the SPSS package program and the R programming language. The result of the study indicated a significant relationship between the employees' perceptions of the psychological contract, organisational citizenship behaviour and the sub-dimensions of the five-factor personality traits. In addition, it has been determined that the sub-dimension of personality traits, "openness to development", has a moderator role in the relationship between psychological contract and organisational citizenship behaviour. It is also seen that the results are compatible with similar studies in the literature. It is expected that this research will contribute to organisational behaviour and psychology, while the findings can be used as input for other studies in the specified areas.

Interview-based research in management and organisation studies: making sense of the plurality of methodological practices and presentational styles

PurposeThe aim of this review paper is to identify the methodological practices and presentational styles used to report interview-based research in “leading” management and organisation journals.Design/methodology/approachThis paper reviews a sample of 225 articles using qualitative interviews that were published in management, human resource management, organisational behaviour and international business journals listed in the Financial Times 50 list between 2009 and 2019.FindingsThe review found diversity and plurality in the methodological practices used in these studies and the presentational styles used to report interview research.Practical implicationsThe findings are expected to help doctoral students, early career scholars and those new to using qualitative interviews to make decisions about the appropriateness of different methodological practices and presentational styles. The findings are also expected to support editors, reviewers, doctoral examiners and conference organisers in making sense of the dissensus that exists amongst qualitative interview researchers (Johnson et al., 2007). These insights will also enable greater “paradigmatic awareness” (Plakoyiannaki and Budhwar, 2021, p. 5) in the evaluation of the quality of interview-based research that is not restricted to standardised criteria derived from positivism (Cassell and Symon, 2015).Originality/valueTo make sense of this plurality, the authors map these practices and styles against the onto-epistemological paradigms identified by Alvesson (2003, 2011). The paper contributes to calls for philosophical diversity in the evaluation of qualitative research. The authors specifically articulate concerns about the use of practices in interview-based studies that derive from the positivistic logic associated with quantitative research.

Progressing Organisational Behaviour towards a New Normal

The economic and social impacts of the coronavirus pandemic have affected organisations and businesses in multiple ways. The lockdown restrictions implemented by governing bodies, have resulted in organisations changing their behaviours from conventional methods of face-to-face engagement in physical settings, onto digital platforms. This study aims to identify the challenges pertaining to organisational behaviour during the covid-19 pandemic. Recommendations are made to facilitate organisations to implement changes in their behaviour and enhance employee engagement in the new normal world. This study is implemented through a systematic review of published and grey literature sources. Results indicate that motivation, adaptation, continual learning and building trust are challenges important to overcome within the new normal world.