Standard Plate for Radar Absorbing Materials’ Measurement in 3 mm Band

2012 ◽  
Vol 490-495 ◽  
pp. 3414-3417
Author(s):  
Jing Cheng Zhao ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Hai Lun Yan
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
High Stability ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Permittivity ◽  
Absorbing Materials ◽  
Standard Plate ◽  
Reflecting Surface

This paper introduces a new standard reflecting plate’s manufacture, which is used to calibrate the measurement system for radar absorbing materials in 3 mm band. The new standard plate is designed and employed with two reflecting surface, one is a plane, the other one is curve, and metal with high permittivity. It has the nominal reflectivity of -15dB, -10dB, -5dB and has the advantages of high stability, easy manufacture and convenient usage

Standard Reflecting Plate for Measurement of Radar Absorbing Materials in 3 mm Band

2012 ◽  
Vol 430-432 ◽  
pp. 1795-1798
Author(s):  
Hai Lun Yan ◽  
Tao Hong ◽  
Jing Cheng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
High Stability ◽  
High Permittivity ◽  
Absorbing Materials ◽  
Truncated Pyramid

This paper introduces the manufacture of a new standard reflecting plate, which is used to calibrate the measurement system of radar absorbing materials in 3 mm band. The new standard reflecting plate is designed and employed with the structure of truncated pyramid and metal with high permittivity. It has the nominal reflectivity of-5dB, -10dB, -15dB and has the characteristics of high stability, easy manufacture and convenient usage.

Endo-D-galacturonanase immobilized by adsorption on porous polyethyleneterephthalate

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 2716-2723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lubomíra Rexová-Benková ◽  
Jiřina Omelková ◽  
Vladimír Kubánek
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Relative Activity ◽  
Operational Stability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fixation Strength ◽  
Action Pattern ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Degradation Degree

Endo-D-galacturonanase of Aspergillus sp. was irreversibly adsorbed on polyethyleneterephthalate in an acetate 0.1 mol l-1 buffer solution of pH 4.2. Immobilization of the enzyme resulted in lowering of its activity, the measure of which depended on the amount of the enzyme fixed on the carrier. The highest relative activity (42.4%) had the preparation containing 5.25 mg of the enzyme per 1 g of the carrier. The velocity and intensity of the sorption of the enzyme depended on the ionic strength of the medium, whilst pH, on the other hand, was of no influence. Endo-D-galacturonanase immobilized in a 0.1 mol l-1 buffer was characteristic a) of its fixation strength in salt solutions of various ionic strength and pH, in a 3 mol l-1 guanidine solution, and also in sodium pectate and pectin solutions, b) of its high stability during a long-lasting storage at 4 °C, c) of its operational stability. The immobilization led to a partial change of the action pattern onto the high-molecular substrate, manifested in lowering the decrease of viscosity to degradation degree ratio.

A STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF THE 3M BRAND AUTOMATIC COLONY COUNTER1,2

1974 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 435-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Packard ◽  
Roy E. Ginn
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Standard Plate Count ◽  
Culture Plate ◽  
Counter Model ◽  
Standard Plate ◽  
Colony Counter

The 3M Brand Automatic Colony Counter, Model 620, was evaluated and compared with three laboratory technicians on raw milk Standard Plate Count (SPC) cultures over the range of counts from 0–300 colonies per culture plate. Overall, the estimated total variance for the three technicians was 15.07, for the 3M unit 17.82. On plates averaging greater than 150 colonies the 3M unit and hand counts were about equal in Variability. On lower counts the 3M device was somewhat more variable, although within what would appear to be acceptable limits. For the range of data studied, 99.4% of the variance (for the average of three counts by either method) could be accounted for by a similar average of observations using the other method. The 3M unit averaged 2.33 counts higher than technician counts.

scholarly journals A Concept of in-Process Measurement System for Spline Forming

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Michal Wieczorowski ◽  
Tim Eichner ◽  
Ingo Lindner ◽  
Alejandro Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Technique ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Coordinate Measurement ◽  
Process Measurement ◽  
Post Process

Abstract In the paper a possibility of in-process inspection of gear and spline shafts during forming was discussed. Different methods of forming toothed elements were discussed as well as the other technologies were mentioned. Coordinate measurement technique as a way of post process inspection was presented. However, it is not possible to use it for checking features during forming process. To do it different sensors were used and their combinations were described.

C60 Framework Response to Halogen Addition: the Stable Isomers of C60Br2m

1994 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
JB Peel ◽  
RG Rothwell
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Molecular Orbital ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Spectroscopic Characterization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Semiempirical Calculations ◽  
Elementary Model ◽  
Local Distortion

The isolation and spectroscopic characterization of halogenated fullerene-60 compounds has not advanced greatly during the 2 years of effort in this area. While the fully fluorinated C60F60 has been studied in some detail, other halogen addition processes have indicated chlorination up to C60Cl24 and bromination up to C60Br24. However, definitive structural information has to date only been provided for three compounds, namely C60Br6, C60Br6 and C60Br24. Iodine does not appear to form genuine addition compounds. In the work reported here semiempirical calculations using the AM1 approximation with the MOPAC molecular orbital program have been directed to comparing the possible stable isomers of the 1:1 addition compounds C60X2 for X = F, Cl and Br. The favoured isomers can be described as 1,2-additions (to a double bond at a hexagon-hexagon fusion) and 1,4-additions (to the terminal carbons of a butadiene moiety) with higher-energy isomers resulting from 1,6- and 1,8-additions. The other isomers represented by 1,3- 1,5- and 1,7-additions are only stable relative to dissociation in the case of the fluorine addition compounds. By contrast for Br2 addition only the 1,2- and 1,4-isomers are stable toward dissociation. The calculations show that, at and near the addition site carbons, X2 addition is adequately described in terms of local distortion of the C60 sphere. The elementary model of C60 as comprising formal single and double bonds is relevant since C60 behaves as a 'poly- alkene ', with sp3 carbons replacing sp2 carbons at the addition sites. This model offers an explanation for the unique structures observed for C60Br6 and C60Br24 which the AM1calculations show to be very stable toward dissociation. However, the experimental C60Br8 structure is found to be relatively less stable than another isomer. Also high-stability isomers of C60Br4, C60Br10, C60Br12 and C60Br18 are predicted.

Goodness of Dot Patterns and Completion Variability: Effects of Equidistance and Collinearity of Dots

Perception ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 253-253
Author(s):  
S Markovic
Keyword(s):  
High Stability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pattern Completion ◽  
Visual Patterns ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
The One ◽  
Initial Pattern ◽  
Important Stimulus

Visual patterns that are initially poorly specified can be perceptually completed into different Gestalten (eg dot patterns can impose the perception of different figures). In the present study the following hypothesis is evaluated. If the goodness of initial patterns is high enough (high Prägnanz), then the completion of initial patterns will result in a single Gestalt (high stability of percept). On the other hand, if the goodness is low (low Prägnanz), the completion will result in several Gestalten (perceptual multistability). In experiment 1 subjects estimated the goodness of four sets of initial 8-dot patterns. The distance between the dots was systematically varied. In experiment 2 the variability of completion of the same initial stimuli was examined. Subjects were asked to choose from a given set of figures the one that was most strongly suggested by the exposed initial dot pattern. The entropy, as a measure of the completion variability, was derived from the proportions of the choices of figures. The correlation between goodness estimates (Prägnanz level) and entropy (completion multistability) was significant: the higher the goodness, the lower the multistability of initial pattern completion. The arrangement of dots was an important stimulus constraint of the dependent variables. Increasing the number of equidistant extents between dots increased multistability and decreased goodness. Collinearity of dots induced a decrease of multistability and an increase of goodness.

EXTRA-HAREM PATERNITY IN THE WHITE-LINED BAT SACCOPTERYX BILINEATA (EMBALLONURIDAE)

Behaviour ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 136 (9) ◽  
pp. 1173-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otto Von Helversen ◽  
Christian Voigt ◽  
Frieder Mayer ◽  
Gerald Heckel
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Female Choice ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Group Composition ◽  
High Potential ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Harem Size ◽  
Microsatellite Typing ◽  
Saccopteryx Bilineata

AbstractWe studied the paternity in a colony of the harem-polygynous white-lined bat Saccopteryx bilineata by microsatellite typing and compared the data with group composition and stability. Although we recorded a high stability for harem groups, neither spatial proximity of males to harem females nor harem ownership allowed us to predict the paternity of the next year's harem offspring. Eight out of 28 juveniles were fathered by holders of the harem in which they were born, while the other 20 represent Extra-Harem-Young (EHY). 50% of EHY were fathered by males from outside the colony and 50% by other harem holders or peripheral males of the colony. On average, reproductive success of harem holders (1.2 offspring/year) was higher compared with peripheral males (0.4 offspring/year). Harem size seemed not to influence reproductive success of harem holders. Although maintaining of a territory seems to be costly for a harem male, his ability to control the females of his harem may be restricted; instead female Saccopteryx bilineata appear to have a high potential for female choice.

scholarly journals Recent progress in the shaping and sintering of barium titanate nanoparticles. Application to high permittivity capacitors

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (CICMT) ◽  
pp. 000222-000227
Author(s):  
Sophie Guillemet-Fritsch ◽  
Christophe Voisin ◽  
Roman Nava Quintero ◽  
Pascal Dufour ◽  
Christophe Tenailleau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Barium Titanate ◽  
Tape Casting ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
The Other ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Dielectric Losses ◽  
High Permittivity ◽  
Co Precipitation

The miniaturisation of electronic components required for many devices involves an increase their volumic efficiency. This work focus on the size reduction of capacitors. They are two ways for increasing the capacity of such passive components. One is to find materials with high permittivity, the other is to reduce the thickness of the films used in multilayers ceramics. Barium titanate, BaTiO3 (BT) nanoparticles were sintered using Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) because the material presents interesting properties when obtained by SPS [1–3]. In this case, very unusual interesting dielectric properties, a so called “colossal” permittivity value up to several thousands. Moreover, no temperature dependence is observed. However, the values of dielectric losses are too high to consider industrial applications. In order to reduce these dielectric losses, different approaches have been proposed to control the chemistry of grain boundaries. We present here the structural, microstructural and electrical properties of ceramics sintered by SPS from BaTiO3 powders elaborated by co-precipitation method. Different routes tested to improve the dielectric properties of the ceramics are presented and discussed. On the other side, thick films of BT have been prepared. The objective of this work was to develop a BaTiO3 material having an accurate particle size to reduce the thickness of sintered films down to 1 μm. The rheological properties of the slurry have been optimized and, thanks to a suitable tape casting process, homogeneous thin films of 1 μm thickness could be obtained. Some properties of the films are described.

The On-Road Exhaust Emissions from Vehicles Fitted with the Start-Stop System

2013 ◽  
Vol 390 ◽  
pp. 343-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Merkisz ◽  
Pawel Fuc ◽  
Piotr Lijewski ◽  
Andrzej Ziolkowski
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Utility Vehicle

The paper describes the influence of the start-stop system on the exhaust emissions and fuel consumption. The tests were performed for two vehicles. The first one was a vehicle designed specifically to operate in city conditions. It was fitted with a gasoline engine of the displacement of 0.9 dm3 and maximum power output of 63.7 kW. The other vehicle was an SUV (Sports Utility Vehicle) fitted with a diesel engine of the displacement of 3.0 dm3. The measurements of the exhaust emission were carried out on the same route under actual traffic conditions. For the tests a portable exhaust emissions analyzer from the PEMS group SEMTECH DS was used (PEMS Portable Emissions Measurement System).

Comparative Study for the Dissolution of Bone Ash-Derived and Artificial Hydroxyapatite

2012 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 592-596
Author(s):  
Jong Kook Lee ◽  
Heong Jun Kim ◽  
Woo Yang Jang
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Immersion Time ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The Other ◽  
Liquid Environment ◽  
Bone Ash ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Moisture Protection

Hydroxyapatite (HA) ceramics were prepared from the bone ash which is mostly used as animal feeds or raw materials. Dissolving behaviors of the HA in buffered water were investigated and compared with commercial HA for further use as biomaterials. HA ceramics were prepared by soaking the bone ash in 0.1 M of NaOH solution at 80°C for 4 h. The ash was calcined at 800°C for 1 h to completely remove organics, and then sintered at 1200°C for 1 h under moisture protection. The bone ash derived-HA consists of mostly HA and small amounts of α-tricalcium phosphate, calcium oxide phosphate, magnesium oxide and calcium oxide. After polishing the HA ceramics, they were immersed in buffered water at 37°C for 3 and 7 days. We previously found that grain boundaries of synthetic HA were intensively dissolved in buffered water. On the other hand, the bone ash derived-HA shows high stability in liquid environment with immersion time compared with commercial HA.

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