Effect of Annealing temperature on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of TbxY3-xFe5O12(x = 0.0, 1.0, 2.0) Thin Films Prepared by Sol-Gel Process

Ba(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3 thin films were prepared by a sol-gel process involving the reaction of barium isopropoxide, tantalum ethoxide, and magnesium acetate in 2-methoxyethanol and subsequently hydrolysis, spin-coating, and heat treatment. Transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy were used for the characterization of the thin films. It was shown that the thin films tend to crystallize with small grains sized below 100 nm. Crystalline phase with cubic (disordered) perovskite structure was formed in the samples annealed at a very low temperature (below 500 °C), and well-crystallized thin films were obtained at 700 °C. Although disordered perovskite is dominant in the thin films annealed below 1000 °C, a low volume fraction of 1 : 2 ordering domains was found in the samples and grows with an increase of annealing temperature.

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Structural, Magnetic, and Electrical Properties of BiFe1-xMnxO3 Thin Films

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-1199-f03-26 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1199 ◽

Author(s):

Danilo G Barrionuevo ◽

Surinder P Singh ◽

Maharaj S. Tomar

Keyword(s):

Thin Films ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Magnetic Measurements ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Ferromagnetic Phase ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Si Substrates ◽

Sol Gel Process

AbstractWe synthesized BiFe1-xMnxO3 (BFMO) for various compositions by sol gel process and thin films were deposited by spin coating on platinum Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates. X-ray diffraction shows all the diffraction planes corresponding to rhombohedrally distorted perovskite BiFeO3 structure. The absence of any impurity phase in the films suggests the incorporation Mn ion preferentially to Fe site in the structure for low concentration. Magnetic measurements reveal the formation of ferromagnetic phase at room temperature with increased Mn substitution. On the other hand, ferroelectric polarization decreases with increasing Mn ion concentration. Raman studies suggest the dopant induced structural distortion.

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MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF Co-FERRITE AND SiO2-DOPED Co-FERRITE THIN FILMS AND POWDERS BY SOL–GEL

International Journal of Nanoscience ◽

10.1142/s0219581x04002267 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 03 (04n05) ◽

pp. 463-470

Author(s):

Y. C. WANG ◽

J. DING ◽

B. H. LIU ◽

Y. SHI

Keyword(s):

Thin Films ◽

Magnetic Properties ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Vibrating Sample Magnetometer ◽

X Ray ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Structural And Magnetic Properties ◽

Ferrite Thin Films ◽

Scanning Electron

Thin films and powders of Co -ferrite and SiO 2-doped Co -ferrite were fabricated via the sol–gel method. The structural and magnetic properties of the films and powders were investigated with X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). VSM measurements showed an enhancement of coercivity by SiO 2-doping for Co -ferrite powders and thin films (coercivity of 3.5 kOe in SiO 2-doped thin films). XRD and SEM investigations revealed a nanostructure of the thin films. Low surface roughness was observed in our AFM study.

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Preparation of PST Ferroelectric Thin Films by Sol-Gel Process

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.2328 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 734-737 ◽

pp. 2328-2331

Author(s):

Yu Fei You ◽

C.H. Xu ◽

Jing Zhe Wang ◽

Jun Peng Wang

Keyword(s):

Thin Films ◽

Cross Section ◽

Spin Coating ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Ferroelectric Thin Films ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Sol Gel Process ◽

Electronic Microscope

Sol-gel method is used for the formation of Pb0.499Sr0.499TiO3 (PST)thin films. The initial films were prepared with spin coating sol solution on silicon wafer and drying at room temperature and then heating coated dry sol film at 400°C for 10min. This process was repeated for 1-4 times to obtain 4 initial films with different thicknesses. The 4 initial films were annealed at 700°C for 2h to obtain PST ceramics films. The morphologies of the surface and cross-section of PST films were observed with a scanning electronic microscope (SEM). The phase structures of PST films were analyzed using X-ray diffraction meter (XRD). Experimental results show that PST film prepared by coating sol on silicon with different thicknesses can be high smooth,uniform and compact film.

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Structural and Magnetic Properties of CoFe2O4 / Si (001) Thin Films via Sol-Gel Method

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.744.315 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 744 ◽

pp. 315-318

Author(s):

Wei Rao ◽

Ding Guo Li ◽

Hong Chun Yan

Keyword(s):

Thin Films ◽

Magnetic Properties ◽

Exchange Coupling ◽

Cobalt Ferrite ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Magnetic Hysteresis ◽

Vibrating Sample Magnetometer ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Calcined Temperature

Cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) thin films have been prepared on Si (001) substrates, with different calcined temperatures (Tcal=400°C~800°C). The films structure was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and their surface was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The magnetic properties were measured with a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). For low calcined temperatures, the films presented a mixture of a CoFe2O4phase, with the cubic spinel structure, and cobalt and iron antiferromagnet oxides with CoO and FeO stoichiometries. As the calcined temperature increased, the CoO and FeO relative content strongly decreased, so that for Tcal=800°Cthe films were composed mainly by polycrystalline CoFe2O4. The magnetic hysteresis cycles measured in the films were horizontally shifted due to an exchange coupling field originated by the presence of the antiferromagnetic phases.

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X-ray Diffraction Investigations of TiO2 Thin Films and Their Thermal Stability

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/opl.2011.1133 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 1352 ◽

Author(s):

Radomír Kužel ◽

Lea Nichtová ◽

Zdeněk Matěj ◽

Zdeněk Hubička ◽

Josef Buršík

Keyword(s):

Thin Films ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Annealing Temperature ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Laboratory Measurements ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Tio2 Thin Films ◽

X Ray ◽

Sol Gel Films

ABSTRACTIn-situ laboratory measurements in X-ray diffraction (XRD) high-temperature chamber and detailed XRD measurements at room temperature were used for the study of the thickness, temperature and time dependences of crystallization of amorphous TiO2 thin films. The films deposited by magnetron sputtering, plasma jet sputtering and sol-gel method were analyzed. Tensile stresses were detected in the first two cases. They are generated during the crystallization and inhibit further crystallization that also depends on the film thickness. XRD indicated quite rapid growth of larger crystallites unlike the sol-gel films when the crystallites grow mainly by increasing of annealing temperature.

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STRUCTURAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF THIN FILM OF IRON NITRIDE

Surface Review and Letters ◽

10.1142/s0218625x14500139 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 21 (01) ◽

pp. 1450013 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

ZOHRA NAZIR KAYANI ◽

SAIRA RIAZ ◽

SHAHZAD NASEEM

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Copper Substrate ◽

Iron Nitride ◽

Vibrating Sample Magnetometer ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Nano Crystalline ◽

Structure Morphology

The nano-crystalline iron nitride films with a mixture of γ- Fe 4 N , ε Fe 3 N and α Fe 2 N phases were synthesized on copper substrate by sol–gel technology. The structure, morphology and magnetic properties of the samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer. The films are ferromagnetic at room temperature. Magnetic properties such as coercive forces and saturation magnetization were found to be 398 Oestered and 32.92 emu/cm3, respectively.

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Structural and Magnetic Properties of CoFe2O4 Thin Films via Sol-Gel Method

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.716-717.159 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 716-717 ◽

pp. 159-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shao Hua Yang ◽

Ding Guo Li ◽

Hai Bin Yang ◽

Hong Chun Yan

Keyword(s):

Thin Films ◽

Magnetic Properties ◽

Exchange Coupling ◽

Cobalt Ferrite ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Magnetic Hysteresis ◽

Vibrating Sample Magnetometer ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Calcined Temperature

Cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) thin films have been prepared on Si (001) substrates, with different calcined temperatures (Tcal=400°C~800°C). The films structure was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and their surface was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The magnetic properties were measured with a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). For low calcined temperatures, the films presented a mixture of a CoFe2O4phase, with the cubic spinel structure, and cobalt and iron antiferromagnet oxides with CoO and FeO stoichiometries. As the calcined temperature increased, the CoO and FeO relative content strongly decreased, so that for Tcal=800°Cthe films were composed mainly by polycrystalline CoFe2O4. The magnetic hysteresis cycles measured in the films were horizontally shifted due to an exchange coupling field originated by the presence of the antiferromagnetic phases.

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Annealing Effects on the Physical and Magnetic Properties of Tb1.5Y1.5Fe5O12 Films Nanoparticles Prepared by Sol-Gel Method

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.756.91 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 756 ◽

pp. 91-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ftema W. Aldbea ◽

Noor Bahyah Ibrahim ◽

Mustafa Hj. Abdullah

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Magnetic Properties ◽

Annealing Temperature ◽

Quartz Substrate ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Lattice Parameter ◽

Gel Method ◽

X Ray ◽

Sol Gel Method ◽

Iron Garnet

Terbium –substituted yttrium iron garnet (Tb1.5Y1.5Fe5O12) films nanoparticles were successfully prepared by a sol-gel method. The films were deposited on the quartz substrate using spin coating technique. To study effect of annealing temperature, the annealing process was executed at 700, 800 and 900 °C in air for 2 hours. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) proved that the pure phase of garnet structure was detected for the film annealed at 900 °C. The lattice parameter increased with the increment of annealing temperature and the highest value of 12.35 Å was obtained at 900 °C. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) results showed that the particle size increased from 43nm to 56nm as annealing temperature increased from 700 to 900°C. The film’s thickness also affected by increasing of annealing temperature and become thin at 900 °C due to densification process occurred at high annealing temperature. The elemental compositions of the Tb1.5Y1.5Fe5O12 film were detected using an Energy Dispersive X-raySpectroscopy (EDX). Magnetic properties at room temperature were measured using a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM).The saturation magnetization Ms increased with the annealingtemperature and showed a high value of 104emu/cm3, but the coercivity Hc of the film was decreased due to the increment of the particle size. Normal 0 21 false false false MS X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 Terbium –substituted yttrium iron garnet (Tb1.5Y1.5Fe5O12) films nanoparticles were successfully prepared by a sol-gel method. The films were deposited on the quartz substrate using spin coating technique. To study effect of annealing temperature, the annealing process was executed at 700, 800 and 900°C in air for 2 hours. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) proved that the pure phase of garnet structure was detected for the film annealed at 900 °C. The lattice parameter increased with the increment of annealing temperature and the highest value of 12.35 Å was obtained at 900 °C. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) results showed that the particle size increased from 43nm to 56nm as annealing temperature increased from 700 to 900 °C. The film’s thickness also affected by increasing of annealing temperature and become thin at 900 °C due to densification process occurred at high annealing temperature. The elemental compositions of the Tb1.5Y1.5Fe5O12 film were detected using an Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX). Magnetic properties at room temperature were measured using a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM).The saturation magnetization Ms increased with the annealing temperature and showed a high value of 104emu/cm3, but the coercivity Hc of the film was decreased due to the increment of the particle size. st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}

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