Comparison on Pore Development of Activated Carbon Produced from Scrap Tire by Hydrochloric Acid and Sulfuric Acid

2012 ◽  
Vol 626 ◽  
pp. 706-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athiwat Sirimuangjinda ◽  
Duangduen Atong ◽  
Chiravoot Pechyen
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Adsorption Properties ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Acid Activation ◽  
Scrap Tire ◽  
Methylene Blue Adsorption

Two activated carbons employing Scrap Tire as precursor were produced by using two different activating agents, HCl and H2SO4 (fixed impregnation ratio 1:1). Both of activated carbons were allowed by single-step to get difference carbonized at 500, 600 and 700°C in a muffle furnace for 1 h. Activated carbons differed with the physical structure, chemical and adsorption properties which were derived from Scanning Electron Microscope, and N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms. Batched sorption studies were performed to compare the iodine and methylene blue adsorption properties of two carbons. The carbon materials obtained from sulfuric acid activation of 500°C has BET surface area as high as 1066.70 m2/g, Methylene blue adsorption and Iodine number of 288.90 and 590.50 mg/g, respectively. The surface area and adsorption properties of carbon produced using sulfuric acid activation were higher than that produced using hydrochloric acid activation. The results suggest the feasibility of the process from the point of view of both porous texture and adsorption yield.

Comparison on Pore Development of Activated Carbon Produced from Scrap Tire by Potassium Hydroxide and Sodium Hydroxide for Active Packaging Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 545 ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athiwat Sirimuangjinda ◽  
Khanthima Hemra ◽  
Duangduen Atong ◽  
Chiravoot Pechyen
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Iodine Number ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Scrap Tire ◽  
Methylene Blue Adsorption ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Activation Mechanisms

Activated carbons were prepared by chemical activation from scrap tire with two chemical reagents, NaOH and KOH. The activation consisted of different impregnation of a reagent followed by carbonization in nitrogen at 700°C. The resultant activated carbons were characterized in terms of BET surface area, methylene blue adsorption and iodine number. The influence of each parameter of the synthesis on the properties of the activated carbons was discussed, and the action of each hydroxide was methodically compared. It is the first time that preparation parameters and pore texture characteristics are simultaneously considered for two closely related activating agents of the same char precursor. Whatever the preparation conditions, it was shown that KOH led to the most microporous materials, having surface areas and adsorption properties (methylene blue adsorption and iodine number) higher than those obtained with NaOH, which was in agreement with some early works. However, the surface areas, methylene blue adsorption and iodine number obtained in the present study were much higher than in previous studies, up to 951 m2/g, 510 mg/g and 752 mg/g, respectively, using scrap tire waste char:KOH equal to 1:1. The thorough study of the way each preparation parameter influenced the properties of the final materials bought insight into the activation mechanisms. Each time it was possible; the results of scrap tire waste chemically activated with hydroxides were compared with those obtained with anthracites; explanations of similarities and differences were systematically looked for.

scholarly journals Rice Husk-Derived High Surface Area Nanoporous Carbon Materials with Excellent Iodine and Methylene Blue Adsorption Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lok Shrestha ◽  
Mamata Thapa ◽  
Rekha Shrestha ◽  
Subrata Maji ◽  
Raja Pradhananga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Nanoporous Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Properties ◽  
Methylene Blue Adsorption ◽  
Nanoporous Carbon Materials

Iodine and methylene blue adsorption properties of the high surface area nanoporous carbon materials derived from agro-waste and rice husk is reported. Rice husk was pre-carbonized at 300 °C in air followed by leaching out the silica nanoparticles by extraction with sodium hydroxide solution. The silica-free rice husk char was mixed with chemical activating agents sodium hydroxide (NaOH), zinc chloride (ZnCl2), and potassium hydroxide (KOH) separately at a mixing ratio of 1:1 (wt%) and carbonized at 900 °C under a constant flow of nitrogen. The prepared carbon materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transformed-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction (pXRD), and Raman scattering. Due to the presence of bimodal micro- and mesopore structures, KOH activated samples showed high specific surface area ca. 2342 m2/g and large pore volume ca. 2.94 cm3/g. Oxygenated surface functional groups (hydroxyl, carbonyl, and carboxyl) were commonly observed in all of the samples and were essentially non-crystalline porous particle size of different sizes (<200 μm). Adsorption study revealed that KOH activated samples could be excellent material for the iodine and methylene blue adsorption from aqueous phase. Iodine and methylene blue number were ca. 1726 mg/g and 608 mg/g, respectively. The observed excellent iodine and methylene blue adsorption properties can be attributed to the well-developed micro- and mesopore structure in the carbon material. This study demonstrates that the agricultural waste, rice husk, and derived nanoporous carbon materials would be excellent adsorbent materials in water purifications.

Preparation of Activated Carbon of Lignin from Straw Pulping by Chemical Activation Using Potassium Carbonate

2011 ◽  
Vol 704-705 ◽  
pp. 517-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Juan Jin ◽  
Zhi Ming Yu ◽  
Gao Jiang Yan ◽  
Wu Yu
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Iodine Number ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Potassium Carbonate ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Chemical Agent ◽  
Optimum Conditions

Activated carbons were prepared through chemical activation of lignin from straw pulping precursor using potassium carbonate as the chemical agent. Effects of activated temperature, K2CO3/lignin ratio and the activated time on the yield, Iodine number of activated carbon were investigated. Experimental results indicated that the optimum conditions were as follow: activated temperature 800°C, K3CO3(40% concentration) /lignin ratio 5: l, activated time 50min. These conditions allowed us to obtain a BET surface area of 1104 m2/g, including the external or non-microporous surface of 417 m2/g，Amount of methylene blue adsorption, Iodine number and the yield of activated carbon prepared under optimum conditions were 10.6mL/0.lg,1310 mg/g and 19.75%, respectively.

Preparation of Activated Carbon from Waste Particle Board by K2CO3 Activation Treatment

2010 ◽  
Vol 44-47 ◽  
pp. 2562-2568
Author(s):  
Wu Yu ◽  
Ming Yu Zhi ◽  
Xiao Juan Jin
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Iodine Number ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Particle Board ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Methylene Blue Adsorption

Activated carbons were prepared from waste particle board (WPB) by K2CO3 activation. The effects of different parameters, such as chemical/WPB ratio, activation time and activation temperature on yield, the methylene blue adsorption, Iodine number of activated carbon were investigated. The optimum conditions were determined by the method of factor analysis and the orthogonal design as follows: activation temperature 900°C, K2CO3 (50% concentration)/ WPB 4.0, activation time 60 min. Amount of methylene blue adsorption, Iodine number, phenol adsorption, BET surface area and the yield of activated carbon prepared under optimum conditions were 82.5mg/g, 1234mg/g, 185mg/g, 1026m2/g and 30.4%, respectively.

scholarly journals Char Products From Bamboo Waste Pyrolysis and Acid Activation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakash Parthasarathy ◽  
Hamish R. Mackey ◽  
Sabah Mariyam ◽  
Shifa Zuhara ◽  
Tareq Al-Ansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Interior Design ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Acid Activation ◽  
Methylene Blue Adsorption ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Adsorption Capacities

Bamboo is found worldwide but is especially concentrated in tropical and subtropical areas with the major producing nations being China, Indonesia and Thailand with an annual production of 12 million tonnes. It has found uses in many applications such as: furniture, flooring, roofing, fencing, interior design and scaffolding in the construction industry. In this study, discarded waste bamboo furniture was used in the ground form as the raw material feedstock for the production of a series of biochars and activated carbons. The biochars were produced at different temperatures, namely, 723, 823, 923, 1,023, 1,123 and 1223 K, in a muffle furnace inerted with nitrogen and for different pyrolysis times. The product chars yields were 20–30% by weight of the raw material, surface areas were 100–350 m2/g. Other tests include elemental analysis, helium displacement density, pH, ICP-AES on a leachate sample. Four of the different temperature samples of biochar were used to adsorb the basic dye methylene blue and were shown to possess high adsorption capacities. Then, the same bamboo raw material powder was treated with acid and pyrolysed/activated in a nitrogen atmosphere at the same range of temperatures to produce activated carbons; these were characterized using similar test methods to the biochars. The yields are in the range 20–40% by weight of the raw material feedstock and the BET surface areas are in the range 200–600 m2/g. Three of the different temperature activated carbons were used to adsorb methylene blue and the results were compared with the biochar results. All the adsorption experimental isotherm results were analyzed using conventional isotherm equations. The benefits and cost implications of both biochar and activated carbon routes are discussed. The methylene blue adsorption capacities are extremely attractive in the range 0.42–1.12 mmol/g (150–300 mg/g char product) and extend to over 2.35 mmol/g (700 mg/g) for the bamboo derived activated carbons. The micropore and mesopore volumes have been determined under the various char and activated carbon experimental conditions and coupled with the surface areas; these results have been used to explain the trends in the methylene blue adsorption capacities.

Activated Carbons derived by Phosphoric acid Activation of Agricultural waste and their Adsorption of Methylene Blue

2021 ◽  
pp. 435-440
Author(s):  
Amira Ouakkaf ◽  
Fatiha Chelgham ◽  
Rekia Cherbi ◽  
Mounira Chelgham ◽  
Mustapha Houhoune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Ziziphus Mauritiana ◽  
Acid Activation ◽  
Preferred Temperature ◽  
Carbon Production ◽  
Phosphoric Acid Activation

Agricultural wastes can be considered as suitable raw materials for activated carbon production, as activated carbon is considered as an economical adsorption material. Seeds from biomass of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam, grown in Algerian have been valorized for activated carbon production by the phosphoric acid, activation method with pyrolysis temperatures of 400, 500 and 600 °C. The effect of changes in pyrolysis temperatures on the yield and quality of the prepared activated carbon was studied. The obtained activated carbons were characterized by FT-IR and MB adsorption, a good yield of 38,625 %, a high BET surface area of 915,58 m2/g. The removal rate of methylene blue was strongly influenced by contact time, adsorbent mass and pH. An excellent removal % of methylene blue (MB) was obtained at the preferred temperature of 500 °C (AC 500).

Isotherm Studies of Methylene Blue Adsorption onto Potassium Salts-Modified Textile Sludge

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tang Shu Hui ◽  
Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Isotherm Model ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Potassium Salts ◽  
Monolayer Adsorption ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Textile Sludge

In the present work, the adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solution by textile sludge activated with potassium salts and a composite-KI, KCl, K2SO4 and KOH+KCl-was investigated. The impregnation ratio for all activating agents was set at 1:1 and the impregnated textile sludge samples were activated at 500oC for 1h in a furnace. The specific surface area of the activated carbon (AC) was evaluated using BET analysis. The BET surface area varied from 78.8 to 321m2/g, where it decreased in the order of K2SO4-AC > KCl-AC > KI-AC > KOH+KCl-AC. Under room temperature condition and a shaking time of 72h, the batch adsorption results show that the minimum and maximum adsorption capacities were recorded as 39.1 and 85.0mg/g for textile sludge activated with KCl and KI, respectively. Langmuir isotherm model gave the best fit to adsorption equilibrium compared to Freundlich isotherm model indicating a monolayer adsorption at homogeneous sites on the adsorbent. The Langmuir mechanism yielded a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 90.9mg/g. Among the four prepared activated carbons, textile sludge activated with potassium iodide (KI-AC) gave the best performance on the adsorption of methylene blue. 

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of activated carbons from different kinds of coal

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Batkhishig Damdin ◽  
Purevsuren Barnasan ◽  
Chung-Jun Lin ◽  
Batbileg Sanjaa ◽  
Ariunaa Alyeksandr
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Iodine Number ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Water Steam ◽  
Initial Coal

Initial coal was purified in heavy liquid with a density 1.3 cm3 of ZnCl2 solution and purified coal was carbonized and the initial coal samples of each deposits were purified by pyrolysis. Thus, the yield of pyrolysis hard residue in the enriched sample was slightly higher than in the hard residue of initial coal. Therefore, pyrolysis hard residue of purified coal (carbonized sample) was activated at 800°C for 2 hours by preheated water steam. Activated carbons (ACs) and non-activated and non-carbonized coal from Baganuur, Ereen and Nariin Sukhait deposits were technically analyzed and their iodine number, BET surface area, pore volume and adsorption of methylene blue (MB) were determined. When these results were compared, these indicators increased 5-17 times in the Baganuur activated carbon (BN-AC), Ereen activated carbon (E-AC) and Nariin Sukhait activated carbon (NS-AC) as compared to inactivated coal.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Synthetic Conditions for H3PO4 Chemically Activated Rice Husk and Preparation of Honeycomb Monoliths

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 245 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Jandosov ◽  
N.V Shikina ◽  
M.A. Bijsenbayev ◽  
M.E. Shamalov ◽  
Z.R. Ismagilov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Honeycomb Structure ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Acid Activation ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Impregnation Ratio ◽  
Phosphoric Acid Activation ◽  
Selection Of

<p>Activated carbons in this work were prepared from rice husk by phosphoric acid activation followed by alkaline desilication. Pseudo-random selection of 16 rice husk samples was subjected to carbonization at the following conditions: 0.5 to 2 h of activation time, 300-600 <sup>o</sup>С and Н<sub>3</sub>РО<sub>4</sub>/precursor (wt/wt) impregnation ratio of 0.5 to 2. Concentration of NaOH desilication solution varied from 0.5 to 2M. It was found that out of the four factors impregnation ratio is clearly the strongest and at the impregnation ratio of 2 for 1 h at 500 °C N<sub>2</sub> BET-surface area reaches 1690 m<sup>2</sup>/g (S<sub>BET(Ar)</sub> = 2492 m<sup>2</sup>/g) while pore volume becomes 1.95 cm<sup>3</sup>/g. Elemental analysis showed highest carbon content for this sample (87.96%). All samples have insignificant amount of Si and traces of metals, but considerable amount of phosphorus. Blocks of honeycomb structure prepared from Ca-montmorillonite and desilicated carbonized rice husk (impregnation ratio is 1.5, 1 h at 600 <sup>o</sup>C) have BET-surface area obtained by thermal desorption of argon up to 856 m<sup>2</sup>/g.</p>

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