Study of Thermal Degradation of Polymers

2013 ◽  
Vol 652-654 ◽  
pp. 1664-1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Turekova ◽  
Zuzana Turňová ◽  
Karol Balog ◽  
Martin Pastier
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Ignition Temperature ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Controlled Burning ◽  
Important Position ◽  
Fire Characteristics

This article deals with measurements of selected waste polymers in the combustion process. The technology of controlled burning occupies an important position in the process of waste disposal. Therefore it is necessary to assess the behaviour of materials in the process of thermal degradation by fire characteristics. An experiment was conducted in accordance with standard STN ISO 871: 2010 Plastics. Determination of ignition temperature using a hot-air furnace. There were studied a mass loss rate of the samples in their degradation and also monitored some products of combustion.

Study of Polymeric Materials Burning

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 471-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Turekova ◽  
Zuzana Turňová ◽  
Peter Vekony ◽  
Martin Pastier
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Ignition Temperature ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Spontaneous Ignition ◽  
Hot Air

The article deals with determination of spontaneous ignition temperature and flash ignition temperature of polymeric materials and monitoring of mass loss rate during their degradation. An experiment was conducted in accordance with standard STN ISO 871: 2010 Plastics. Determination of ignition temperature using a hot-air furnace.

scholarly journals Oxy-combustion of biomass in a circulating fluidized bed

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Kosowska-Golachowska ◽  
Agnieszka Kijo-Kleczkowska ◽  
Adam Luckos ◽  
Krzysztof Wolski ◽  
Tomasz Musiał
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Ignition Temperature ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Circulating Fluidized Bed ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Lower Maximum ◽  
Maximum Mass Loss

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate combustion characteristics of biomass (willow, Salix viminalis) burnt in air and O2/CO2 mixtures in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB). Air and oxy-combustion characteristics of wooden biomass in CFB were supplemented by the thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses (TGA/DTA). The results of conducted CFB and TGA tests show that the composition of the oxidizing atmosphere strongly influences the combustion process of biomass fuels. Replacing N2 in the combustion environment by CO2 caused slight delay (higher ignition temperature and lower maximum mass loss rate) in the combustion of wooden biomass. The combustion process in O2/CO2 mixtures at 30% and 40% O2 is faster and shorter than that at lower O2 concentrations.

The Effect of External Conditions on Ignition Temperature of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomers

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Ivana Turekova ◽  
Zuzana Szabova ◽  
Tomas Chrebet ◽  
Jozef Harangozo
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Ignition Temperature ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Polyurethane Elastomers ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane Elastomers ◽  
The Impact

The paper reports a study of the impact of moisture and age of pellets, as well as an external condition, on the thermal degradation of the thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers. Because thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers are hydroscopic polymer, moisture will have a significant impact on thermal degradation. For determination of the effect of moisture and age were used the thermo gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimeter and ISO STN 871: Plastics. Determination of ignition temperature using a hot-air furnace.

scholarly journals Pulsation and Mass Loss in LPVs

1993 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 191-191
Author(s):  
George H. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Stellar Evolution ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Individual Stars ◽  
Rich Variety ◽  
Long Period ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Waves

AbstractThe large-amplitude pulsation of long-period variables, together with a number of other interacting processes and phenomena, causes a rich variety of effects on the structure and behavior of the stars. Outflowing winds result, causing extensive mass loss, with profound consequences for stellar evolution. The present status of modeling calculations for LPVs will be discussed first, with various examples. Emphasis will be given to the great importance of complex, nonlinear, time-dependent interactions between things such as the waves and atmospheric shocks that result from pulsation; non-LTE radiative transfer; non-equilibrium chemistry; the growth, changing optical properties, and dynamics of grains; and radiation pressure on both grains and molecules. I will then survey the developing implications and insights from new results and from work now in progress. Some of these concern the structure and the behavior of individual stars (e.g. determination of the pulsation mode and limiting amplitude; properties of more massive stars); some relate to the evolution of individual stars (e.g. evolution of the wind and the mass loss rate; the wind and circumstellar region during helium shell flashes; effects of the star's metallicity); and some relate to the evolution of populations of stars (e.g. the white dwarf mass distribution). All of these, and many more, offer new perspectives and new understanding concerning the character of LPVs and their role in stellar evolution.

Thermal Degradation of Painted Wood. an Experimental Study

1983 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Vovelle ◽  
R. Akrich ◽  
H. Mellottee
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Radiative Heat ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Solid Residue ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Piloted Ignition

A comparative study of thermal degradation of painted and unpainted parti cle board specimens has been carried out. Experiments based mainly on the measurements of piloted ignition delay, mass loss rate and temperature profile have been performed using a radiative heat flux equal to 2.4 W/cm2. Thermo gravimetric analysis has complemented these measurements. It has been shown that thermal degradation of paints produces a solid residue which strongly affects exchange phenomena at the wood surface and consequently the thermal behavior of wood.

scholarly journals In hot pursuit of the hidden companion of η Carinae: an X-ray determination of the wind parameters

2003 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 218-219
Author(s):  
Julian M. Pittard ◽  
Michael F. Corcoran
Keyword(s):  
Binary System ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Binary Hypothesis ◽  
Η Car

We perform X-ray spectral fits to a recently obtained Chandra grating spectrum of η Carinae, one of the most massive and powerful stars in the Galaxy and which is strongly suspected to be a colliding wind binary system. The good fit that we obtain gives us further confidence in the binary hypothesis, and we find M ≈ 2.5 × 10–4 M⊙ yr–1 for the mass loss rate of η Car.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Ratio of Total to Selective Extinction on the Determination of the Mass Loss Rate of Wolf Rayet Stars from Infrared Excess Measurements

1982 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 197-201
Author(s):  
P.S. The ◽  
K.A. van der Hucht ◽  
M. Arens
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Infrared Excess ◽  
Photometric Observations ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Selective Extinction ◽  
Loss Rates

It is shown that the mass loss rate of the WN7 star HD 93162 decreases with larger values of the ratio of total to selective extinction R. for HD 93162 the mass loss rate will change one order of magnitude, only if ΔR ∼ 2. Mass loss rates are derived for nine other WR stars of which visual, red and near-infrared photometric observations were obtained.

The First Determination of the Rotation Rates of Wolf-Rayet Stars

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (S250) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
André-Nicolas Chené ◽  
Nicole St-Louis
Keyword(s):  
Massive Star ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Rotational Velocity ◽  
Continuum Emission ◽  
Corotating Interaction Regions ◽  
Rotation Rates ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Interaction Regions

AbstractThe most recent stellar models have shown that the faster a massive star spins, the more its nuclear yields, mass-loss rate and lifetime are different from the standard model. One thus needs to know the rotation rate of massive stars to trace their evolutionary tracks adequately. In Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars, the direct measurement of the rotational velocity is impossible, since their continuum emission is formed in the dense wind that hides the hydrostatic, stellar surface. Here, we present a technique to derive the rotation rates of WR stars from a periodic wind phenomenon, the corotating interaction regions (CIR). For five WR stars, a first estimate of the rotation rates has been deduced from the CIR periods.

Thermal Decomposition of Loose-Fill Cellulose Thermal Insulation

2014 ◽  
Vol 1001 ◽  
pp. 379-382
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Zigo ◽  
Peter Rantuch ◽  
Karol Balog
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Weight Loss Rate ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Loose Fill ◽  
Cellulose Insulation

This article deals with thermal degradation of cellulose insulation. The sample of commercially available loose-fill cellulose insulation was tested in electrically heated hot air furnace modified for thermogravimetric analysis. Weight loss, weight loss rate and CO/CO2 ratio was measured, while the sample was heated from room temperature to 530°C. Particular phases of the thermal degradation process of cellulose insulation were identified and explained. The most rapid changes caused by thermal decomposition of loose-fill cellulose insulation were reported in temperature range 270°C – 380°C. The weight loss rate reached its maximum in 308°C, which was equal to 0,198g.min-1. Two temperature ranges in which the yield of CO was higher than the yield of CO2 were detected.

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