Health Risk Assessment of Six Heavy Metals in Different Sources of Honey Consumed in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 680 ◽  
pp. 86-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Zhe He ◽  
Qiang Feng ◽  
Pei Long Sun
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption

As the consumption of honey is booming because of its multiple health-promoting effects, the possible health risks resulting from long-term exposure to metals contained in this honey need to be evaluated. The concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, As,Hg and Zn) in three sources of honeys collected from China, were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS), graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF-AAS) and hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS) after microwave-assisted digestion. The rangs obtained for the element analyzed in ug kg-1 were as follow:Cd(4.9)Comparing with safety intake levels for these heavy metals recommended by US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) and Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), both the Hazard Quotient (HQ) values for single heavy metal and the Hazard Index (HI) value for all six heavy metals were far below 1, indicating no chronic-toxic risks from these heavy metals due to daily consumption of 0.01 kg of honey for a 70 kg individual.

scholarly journals The Occurrence, Pathways, and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Raw Milk from Industrial Areas in China

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Chuanyou Su ◽  
Yanan Gao ◽  
Xueyin Qu ◽  
Xuewei Zhou ◽  
Xue Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry ◽  
Industrial Areas ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption

This study evaluated chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) contamination in raw milk from industrial areas in China, identified the possible pathways of heavy metals from the environment to raw milk, and made a risk assessment of the consumption of heavy metals from milk consumption. The Cr, As, Cd, and Pb concentrations in raw milk, water and silage were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The Cr and As in soil were analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and atomic fluorescence spectrometry, respectively. Cd and Pb in soil were determined by a Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The Cr and As concentrations in milk from industrial areas were 2.41 ± 2.12 and 0.44 ± 0.31 μg/kg, respectively, which were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than those from non-industrial areas, which had levels of 1.10 ± 0.15 and 0.25 ± 0.09 μg/kg, respectively. Chromium was mainly transferred through the soil-silage-milk pathway, As was transferred through the water-silage-milk pathway, while Cd was mainly transferred through the soil (water)-silage-milk pathway. The contributions of each metal to the overall hazard index (HI) followed a descending order of As, Cr, Pb, and Cd, with values of 46.64%, 25.54%, 24.30%, and 3.52%, respectively. Children were at higher risk than adults.

Contents and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Marine Invertebrates from Korean Coastal Fish Markets

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 1022-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONG SOO MOK ◽  
JI YOUNG KWON ◽  
KWANG TAE SON ◽  
WOO SEOK CHOI ◽  
SUNG RIM KANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Marine Invertebrate ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Consumer Safety

The concentrations of the heavy metals cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), chromium, silver, nickel, copper, and zinc in the edible portions of 105 marine invertebrates representing 16 mollusk and crustacean species were accurately determined to evaluate their hazard for human consumption. The samples were collected in 2011 from major fish markets on the coast of Korea and analyzed for Hg using a direct Hg analyzer and for other metals using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Estimated dietary exposure (EDE) was determined, and a risk assessment was made of the heavy metals to provide information concerning consumer safety. The Cd concentrations, which were the highest for the three hazardous metals (Cd, Hg, and Pb), were significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) in the bivalves and crabs than in the gastropods and cephalopods. However, the concentrations of these metals in all samples were within the regulatory limits set by Korea and other countries. The EDE was compared with the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) adopted by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives or the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The EDE of Cd, Hg, and Pb for each class of marine invertebrate were 0.07 to 2.64, 0.01 to 0.43, and 0.001 to 0.16% of the PTDI, respectively. The total EDE of Cd, Hg, and Pb for marine invertebrates accounted for 4.03, 0.96, and 0.21%, respectively, of the PTDI. The EDE of other metals in each class of marine invertebrate was less than 2% of the PTDI. The hazard index is a reasonable parameter for assessing the risk of heavy metal consumption associated with contaminated food. In the present study, the hazard index for all of the species was less than 1.0, which indicates that the intake of heavy metals from consumption of these marine invertebrates does not represent an appreciable hazard to humans.

scholarly journals Non-carcinogenic and Carcinogenic Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals Exposure to Indoor Dust in Kathmandu, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
Sulakshya Bhandari ◽  
Sudarshana Shakya ◽  
Bijaya Adhikari ◽  
Mahesh Shrestha ◽  
Bindra Devi Shakya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Indoor Dust ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

The present study was carried out to assess the contamination of heavy metals in indoor household dust of Kathmandu, Nepal, and its adverse effect on the indoor environment and human health. The concentrations of four heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb) in a total of ninety-three (N = 93) indoor dust samples collected from four different types of land use zones viz., commercial, heavy traffic, residential, and control (undisturbed) of Kathmandu were determined by the flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS). The mean concentrations of Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb in indoor dust samples over the study zones were 0.89, 158.1, 113.3, and 65.3 mg kg−1, respectively. The land use zones showed the various degree of metal contamination in indoor dust ranging from moderate to considerable level. PLI showed a high pollution load in the monitored locations, indicating an alarming condition and the urgent need for immediate remedial actions. Hazard quotient (HQ) values indicated ingestion as the major pathway of indoor dust heavy metal exposure to children while the inhalation pathway remained dominant in adults. Hazard index (HI) values showed no probable non-carcinogenic risk of the heavy metals present in the indoor dust of Kathmandu. For carcinogenic health risk, TLCR values were found within the acceptable safe limit indicating no cancer risk for both the receptor groups.

scholarly journals Human Risk from Exposure to Heavy Metals and Arsenic in Water from Rivers with Mining Influence in the Central Andes of Peru

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1946
Author(s):  
María Custodio ◽  
Walter Cuadrado ◽  
Richard Peñaloza ◽  
Raúl Montalvo ◽  
Salomé Ochoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Central Andes ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Heavy Metals And Arsenic

Water pollution by heavy metals is one of the leading environmental concerns as a result of intense anthropogenic pressure on the aquatic environment. This constitutes a significant limitation to the human right of access to drinking water. In this context, the risk to humans from exposure to heavy metals and arsenic in water from rivers subject to mining influence in the Central Andes of Peru was assessed. Water samples were collected from seven rivers at 63 sampling sites, and concentrations of Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn, and As were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Cluster analysis was used to group 21 sampling sites into four groups with similar chemical characteristics, and principal component analysis was used to simplify the complex relationship between the toxic elements by generating two main components with a total percentage of variation of 86%. Fe, Zn, and As had higher percentages of contribution in the Mantaro, Cunas, and Chia rivers. The hazard quotient was highest for children and adults. The hazard index for ingestion of all the studied heavy metals and As was higher than the threshold value (HIing > 1). HIing in 43% of the rivers indicated that the adult population is at risk of non-carcinogenic effects, and HIing in 14% of the rivers revealed a very high health risk. The risk of cancer by ingestion for children varied from medium to high risk and for adults from low to high risk.

scholarly journals Health Risk Assessment of Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr in Drinking Water in some Wells and Springs of Shush and Andimeshk, Khuzestan Province, Southern Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Mohamad Sakizadeh ◽  
◽  
Rouhollah Mirzaei ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Manganese Concentration ◽  
Khuzestan Province ◽  
Geostatistical Methods

Background: In the current study,the hazard quotient, the hazard index (HI) and spatial variations of Fe,Mn,Cu and Cr in drinking water sources of Andimesk-Shush, Khuzestan Province, Southern Iranaquifer were assessed. Methods: We compared theconcentrations of aforementioned heavy metals in wells and springs inAndimeshk and Shush regions. The non-carcinogenic risk assessment of heavy metals was implemented usingUnited States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) index.The spatial maps in the area were developed by geostatistical methods. Results: Mean concentrations of heavy metals in groundwater sources of the study area in decreasing order was as follows: Cu >Mn> Fe> Cr. Except for iron,mean heavy metal concentrations were higher than the standard levels. Manganese concentration in 41.5% of the samples exceeded the permissible limits. Copper was higher than the safety limit in 74% of the samples, and chromium in 54% of the cases. The spatial pattern of heavy metals concentrations indicated higher concentrations in the southern parts of the region. The mean hazard quotients of most samples for the four heavy metals were lower than one, indicating that there was no immediate threat due to the exposure to these heavy metals. The calculated accumulated hazards of these heavy metals produced different results, with hazard indices of higher than one. Conclusion: The accumulated hazard indicesfor the evaluated metals were higher than one, indicating that chronic ingestion of these waters threatens the health of local consumers on the long run.

scholarly journals Assessment of Toxic Metals in Some Selected Cosmetic Products in Nigeria and Their Health Risks

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Olayinka Abidemi Ibigbami ◽  
Samuel Oluyemi Adefemi ◽  
Samuel Sunday Asaolu ◽  
Iseoluwa Joshua Orege ◽  
Adeolu Jonathan Adesina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
The United States ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Cosmetic Products ◽  
Allowable Level

The study determined the levels of heavy metals in some selected cosmetic products, commonly marketed in Nigeria, and assessed their possible potential human health risks. The health risk assessment was patterned according to the model of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The heavy metals concentrations ranged from 0.043 0.027 (Pb) - 1.89 1.04 (Fe) with the concentration order: Fe]Cu]Zn]Mn]Cr]Cd]Pb. The total daily intake for all the metals were generally below maximum tolerable daily intake (MTDI). The estimated hazard index, hazard quotient and cancer risks were all within allowable level. The study indicated that users of the studied products are less susceptible to any significant health (carcinogenic or non-carcinogenic) risk.

scholarly journals Determination of Some Heavy Metals (Cu, Co, Ni) in Edible Clay from South Eastern Nigeria and Its Effect Due to Consumption

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
C. M. Ekuma ◽  
T. C. Ogunyemi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
World Health ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Daily Consumption

Determination of heavy metal contents in edible clay (kaolin) from Enyigba in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State of Nigeria was carried out using Atomic absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The quantitative analysis of heavy metal analyzed in the edible clay sample were 0.012 mg/kg for Co, 0.113 mg/kg for Cu and 0.712 mg/kg for Ni. This study shows that the levels of these heavy metals (Co, Cu and Ni) in kaolin are below the permissible limits as established by the regulatory organization (World Health Organization, WHO). Compared to the safety intake levels for these heavy metals recommended by US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) and Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), Expert Group on Vitamins and Minerals (EVM), and Agency for toxic substance and disease Registry (ATSDR), the dietary intakes of the three heavy metals from daily consumption of 20 g of kaolin should pose no health risk to human.

scholarly journals Comparative seasonal assessment of pollution and health risks associated with heavy metals in water, sediment and Fish of Buriganga and Turag River in Dhaka City, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Hossain ◽  
Ashiqur Rahaman ◽  
Md. Jawad Hasan ◽  
Md. Minhaz Uddin ◽  
Nazma Khatun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Fish Samples

AbstractHeavy-metal pollution of surface water, sediment and fish have been seen as a major global problem, with a significant proportion of developing countries like Bangladesh. This study assessed the intensity of alarming six toxic substances (Cr, Zn, Fe, Cu, Pb and Ni) throughout the River water, sediments as well as soft tissues of three widely consumed fishes (Heteropneustes fossilis, Channa punctatus and Channa striata) obtained from two urban streams of the Buriganga and Turag in the Dhaka metropolitan. For evaluating the comparative seasonal variation of heavy-metal concentration, water and sediment samples were collected from five selected sites for two different seasons (viz. 10 from winter seasons and 10 from summer seasons). Finally, a total of 20 water samples, 20 sediment and 12 fish samples were investigated by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer (GFAAS) corrected with the Zeeman effect background correction system. The hierarchy of mean concentration of selected heavy metals in Buriganga water is found to be Fe > Cr > Ni > Zn > Cu > Pb in the winter season whereas during the summer season the order is Fe > Cr > Zn > Ni > Cu > Pb. For the River Turag, the order is Fe > Zn > Cu > Ni > Cr > Pb and Fe > Zn > Ni > Cu > Cr > Pb during winter and summer season, respectively. The level of metals studied surpassed the acceptable level of drinkable water, implying the ineptitude of drinking and cooking water from these Rivers. However, this hierarchy of heavy metals for sediments of Buriganga River changed to Fe > Cr > Ni > Zn > Cu > Pb for the winter season and Fe > Cr > Ni > Cu > Zn > Pb for the summer season. Whereas, for the Turag River, the decreasing trend of metal concentration found in sediment was Fe > Zn > Cr > Ni > Cu > Pb for both seasons. For probable human health hazard implications, contamination factor (CF) and pollution load index (PLI) were studied. The CF values revealed the low-to-moderate pollution of sediment. The PLI value above one shows the degradation of the consistency of the sediments. Fe, Ni, Pb, Cr, Zn and Cu concentrations in fish species were found to be 19.66–45.1, 0.07–12.18, 1.2–10.18, 20.18–187.07, 11.08–68.25, 2.07–10.4 mg/kg, respectively. The metals studied differed considerably among organisms and seasons. Bioconcentration factor (BCF), the daily average consumption of metal (EDI), as well as target threat quotients (THQs) for specific metal indicated that Cr and Pb are harmful in fish muscles and possible risks remain for fish consumers. The obtained concentrations of some metals are higher than the WHO/FAO’s permissible limit, suggesting that the water and fish found in these Rivers are like to be harmful to the human being. This study shows that attention should be given to the risk assessment for heavy metals in these Rivers.

scholarly journals Risk assessment of mercury and methyl mercury intake via sardine and swordfish consumption in Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 1679
Author(s):  
F. MEHOUEL ◽  
L. BOUAYAD ◽  
A. BERBER ◽  
I. VAN HAUTEGHEM ◽  
M. VAN DE WIELE
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Target Hazard Quotient ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Tolerable Weekly Intake ◽  
Direct Mercury Analyzer ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
Estimated Daily Intakes

Total mercury (Hg) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in the flesh of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) and swordfish (Xiphias gladius) fished in three Algerian coasts were determined by a direct mercury analyzer (DMA). We also assessed the risk to which the consumer was exposed to by calculating the estimated daily intakes (EDIs), target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI). The average concentrations of Hg and MeHg in the flesh of sardine were similar (0.04 mg/kg wet weight) and in swordfish were 0.61 mg/kg wet weight; 0.57 mg/kg wet weight, respectively. These concentrations have not surpassed the thresholds set by the Algerian and European regulations. The estimated daily intakes for Hg and MeHg were similar in sardine (0.0064 μg/kg/day) and were 0.098 μg/kg/day and 0.092 μg/kg/day for Hg and MeHg, respectively, in swordfish. These values did not exceed the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) established by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). The target hazard quotient (THQ) and the hazard index (HI) calculated were < 1. Consequently, consumption of these fishes does not pose any risk for the adult groups of the Algerian population regarding mercury, and methylmercury studied.

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