River Eco-Environmental Challenges during Urbanization Process Lesson Learned from Beijing Rainstorm on July 21st

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 807-811
Author(s):  
Yun Jiang ◽  
Fan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Management ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
River System ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Urban River ◽  
Urbanization Process ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
The One ◽  
And Function

During the process of urbanization, impermeable surface areas enlarge and rain runoff and peak discharges grow, rainstorm become more frequent. As more rain water and pollutants mixed with each other, more areas of urban runoff are polluted, causing significant change to aquatic organisms, especially fish, their population and structure. In order to balance the relations between urban development and river eco-environmental protection, avoid reappearance of mega rainstorm disaster like the one on July 21st in Beijing, we suggest protecting and safeguarding the structure and function of urban river ecological system from perspectives of urban planning, eco-environment improvement and integrated management over urban river system.

scholarly journals The Development of E-Atlas Learning Media Based on Mobile Learning on Cells Structure Material in SMA N 1 Kandangserang

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Diah Agung Setiawati ◽  
Ning Setiati ◽  
Tyas Agung Pribadi
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Mobile Learning ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
The Media ◽  
The One ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
And Function ◽  
Academic Year

Cells are the one of hard-to-understand material for students, because it cannot be seen directly by students therefore it requires detailed visualization of images to explain the structure and processes that occur in it. Adequate visualization is needed to study better the structure and function of cells. This is the reason why we need to develop a mobile learning media. The media is an E-atlas of cell structure and function. This product is then analyzed its suitability as a learning media in SMA N 1 Kandangserang. Students of classes XI MIA 1 and XI MIA 2 academic year 2018/2019 were selected as the samples of this research using saturated sampling techniques. This is a research and development (R & D). Research shows that E-atlas is suitable as learning media. E-atlas affects the learning outcomes, where the N-gain value shows an increase with an average of 0.72 (categorized as high) with classical completeness of 83%. It is concluded that E-atlas mobile learning is suitable as a teaching learning medium for students.

scholarly journals Universal rules of life: metabolic rates, biological times and the equal fitness paradigm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Burger ◽  
Chen Hou ◽  
Charles Hall ◽  
James Brown
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
The Other ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Synthetic Theory ◽  
Evolutionary Patterns ◽  
Single Origin ◽  
The One ◽  
Patterns And Processes ◽  
And Function ◽  
Dynamics Of Populations

Here we review and extend the equal fitness paradigm (EFP) as an important step in developing and testing a synthetic theory of ecology and evolution based on energy and metabolism. The EFP states that all organisms are equally fit at steady state, because they allocate the same quantity of energy, ~22.4 kJ/g/generation to production of offspring. On the one hand, the EFP may seem tautological, because equal fitness is necessary for the origin and persistence of biodiversity. On the other hand, the EFP reflects universal laws of life: how biological metabolism – the uptake, transformation and allocation of energy – links ecological and evolutionary patterns and processes across levels of organization from: i) structure and function of individual organisms, ii) life history and dynamics of populations, iii) interactions and coevolution of species in ecosystems. The physics and biology of metabolism have facilitated the evolution of millions of species with idiosyncratic anatomy, physiology, behavior and ecology but also with many shared traits and tradeoffs that reflect the single origin and universal rules of life.

Correlation analysis and threshold value research on the form and function indexes of an urban interconnected river system network

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1776-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Dou ◽  
Lu Yu ◽  
Meng Jin ◽  
Yan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Index System ◽  
River System ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Urbanization Process ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Function Index ◽  
And Function ◽  
Lake Systems

As urbanization has accelerated, the form of river and lake systems has changed greatly in cities, which has caused variations in the functioning of the interconnected river system network (IRSN). To quantitatively evaluate the influence of the urbanization process on IRSN, the form index system and function index system were established in this study. The form index system involved eight indexes, and the function index system included 18 indexes. We also used statistical methods to analyze the correlations between the form indexes and the function indexes of the IRSN. Multiple linear regression equations were established between the variations in the IRSN form indexes and the function indexes. Finally, we determined the threshold values of the IRSN form indexes that can meet Zhengzhou City's future development demands for water function. The threshold value for the drainage network density is between 0.32 and 0.33; the threshold value for the node connection rate is between 1.54 and 2; the threshold value for the degree of connectivity between river systems ranges from 0.55 to 0.77; and the threshold value for circuitry of the river ranges from 0.40 to 0.60. Validation shows that these values are reasonable.

scholarly journals DINAMIKA IJTIHAD ULAMA INDONESIA DALAM FORMALISASI HUKUM ISLAM

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
Muh Yunan Putra
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Political Performance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Human Need ◽  
New Form ◽  
The One ◽  
And Function

Indonesia is the one of democracy country and has principle of believe in the One Supreme God. Refer to it, there are some roles or the bills created based on Islamic Law, such as Marriage Law, Heritage Law, Waqf Law and Criminal Law.  In apply, Islamic Low usually face the normative situation and the increasing of human need and thinking. So, it is required to be able to adjust or create new form to fulfill both of interest. In this case, it can be seen at product law or fatwa created by Indonesian Council Of Ulama (MUI) which integrated based on community’s need. However, disconnected between structure and function of law caused by political performance. Historically, Islamic Law in Indonesia was influenced by social-culture aspect, it marge with Islamic thinking and characteristic such as Fiqh Book, Islamic roles in Muslim’s country, judgment or verdict, or the roles (fatwa) which is created by Ulama. So, namely Islamic Law is the pure of Islamic thinking which produced by Ulama integrated with the social environment. Although, al-Quran dan al-hadits have the roles also to be law, but there are many problems that need to solve using the law’s guide. To solve that problems, Ulama do ijtihad and think hard to get out problem solving. Finally, Ulama use their mind to fulfill the emptiness law, so the result is the product of thinking law as now as.

The fine structure of the camel corpus luteum of early pregnancy and after parturition

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 558-559
Author(s):  
R. K. Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Endocrine Gland ◽  
The One ◽  
And Function

The structure and function of the corpus luteum has been studied intensively, yet many of the factors and events in formation, maintenance, function and regression of this endocrine gland remain unclear. Christensen and Gillim reviewed the literature dealing with steroid-secreting cells including lutein cells. They clearly documented the role of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in steroid biosynthesis. The fine structure of the corpus luteum has been described in a variety of animals including rat, mouse, hamster, guinea pig, rabbit, pig, cow, sheep, deer, dog, racoon, mink, badger, lemur, armadillo and man. Recently, Enders reviewed in detail the results obtained on the cytology of corpus luteum granulosa lutein cells of early pregnancy.Novoa has recently attempted to correlate some reproductive phenomena in Camelidae with those of other domestic animals. Since the literature is essentially devoid of information on electron microscopy of the camel corpus luteum and since fresh camel corpus luteum specimens were obtained in excellent condition, a critical study was undertaken to provide definitive information on the structure and function of the corpus luteum during early stages of pregnancy and after parturition in the one-humped camel, Camelus dromedarius.

More on the Hippodrome-Stadium of Caesarea Maritima: a response to the comments of Y. Porath

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 456-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Patrich
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Near East ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
The Other ◽  
Moderate Size ◽  
Circus Maximus ◽  
The One ◽  
And Function ◽  
Definitive Form

The Herodian multi-purpose entertainment structure under discussion is the earliest and largest of its kind to have been entirely excavated, and it will have far-reaching implications for our knowledge of the development of stadia and hippodromes at the transition between the Hellenistic and Roman worlds. The study and interpretation of its remains therefore deserve care and attention before definitive interpretations are presented and become ‘set in stone’. Unfortunately, Y. Porath's preceding remarks suggest that he will not change his ideas on the identification of the building. However, the chronology which I presented in JRA 14, different from the one he offered in his preliminary report in The Roman and Byzantine Near East (JRA Suppl. 14,1995) 15-27, is not a focus of his objections, and that is encouraging.To name the structure a circus, as Porath is doing, reflects a misconception. A U-shaped entertainment structure of moderate size like this one is a stadium, not a circus. But we are dealing with a special kind of stadium, wider and provided with permanent carceres for chariot races, thereby adapted to serve as a hippodrome. Stadia, Greek in origin, underwent a profound evolution in structure and function during the Hellenistic and Early Roman periods. Conceiving stadia in their Classical Greek forms leads Porath to deny the affiliation of the Herodian structure to Hellenistic/Early Roman stadia. On the other hand, the Circus Maximus, the archetype of Roman circuses, attained its definitive form only under Trajan.

scholarly journals Indicators of ecosystem structure and function for the Upper Mississippi River System

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan R. De Jager ◽  
James T. Rogala ◽  
Jason J. Rohweder ◽  
Molly Van Appledorn ◽  
Kristen L. Bouska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mississippi River ◽  
River System ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
Upper Mississippi River ◽  
And Function ◽  
Ecosystem Structure And Function ◽  
Upper Mississippi River System

scholarly journals Relationship between the Main Communities and Environments of an Urban River and Reservoir: Considering Integrated Structural and Functional Assessments of Ecosystems

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2302
Author(s):  
Dehao Tang ◽  
Xingjian Liu ◽  
Xutao Wang ◽  
Kedong Yin
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Integrated Assessment ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Plankton Community ◽  
Urban River ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Macrobenthic Communities ◽  
And Function

Rivers and reservoirs in urban areas have been associated with environmental quality problems because of the discharge of domestic waste into water bodies. However, the key effects and the extent to which environmental factors can influence the integrated structure and function of urban river ecosystems remain largely unknown. Here, a relationship model involving the species composition of the community and the various environmental factors related to the water and sediment was developed in the dry season (N) and the flood season (F) in both the urban Jiaomen River (JR) and the Baihuitian Reservoir (BR) of Guangzhou City. Canonical correspondence analysis was used to determine the spatiotemporal drivers of the phytoplankton, zooplankton and macrobenthic communities in the river and reservoir systems. The combination of the thermodynamic-oriented ecological indicators and the biodiversity measures reflected the integrated structure and function of the ecosystems. Overall, the plankton community composition was found to be largely determined by the nutrient concentrations and oxygen index, and the development of the macrobenthic communities was mainly restricted by organic matter and heavy metals. Based on the results of the integrated assessment, the structure and function of the JR ecosystem were superior to that of the BR, and the F period displayed healthier results than the N period. Moreover, the structural and functional statuses of the high eco-exergy grade communities (macrobenthic communities) in the ecosystem influenced the regional changes observed in the results of the integrated assessment. The significant seasonal variations in the plankton community affected the seasonal variations in the integrated assessment. The results of this study provide a scientific basis for the management and restoration of regional freshwater environments and ecosystems.

Animal Population Ecology

Ecology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank N. Egerton ◽  
Gregory C. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Population Ecology ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Animal Population ◽  
Distinct Area ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
The One ◽  
And Function

Animal population ecology comprises the study of the growth, regulation, and interactions of animal populations. As a level of organization, the population comes between individuals on the one hand and communities on the other, but there is not a sharp distinction between those phenomena that affect the levels above and below from those of the population: a population’s growth may be much effected by the behavior of its constituent individuals, while the presence of predators, prey, and competitors in the community will likewise have important effects on the population. Nonetheless, the population is a worthy area of emphasis (for greater consideration of multispecies interactions and other aspects of community structure and function, see the separate Oxford Bibliographies article “Community Ecology”). Animals share a number of relevant ecological features that make a separation from plants useful: animals are all heterotrophs, mostly exist as biologically separate and genetically distinct individuals, and most are sexual. There are greater or lesser exceptions to all of these features, but they unify the phenomena of animal populations, and make counting individuals an intuitive and practical way of accounting for their populations’ growth and numbers. That part of ecology that deals with populations of animals is thus an interesting partition, and as a distinct area of study is well-justified by historical development and current practice.

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