The Theoretical and Experimental Study on Making Low Iron Alloy from the Mixed Slag of Jinchuan Flash Smelting Furnace and JISCO Converter

2013 ◽  
Vol 803 ◽  
pp. 239-242
Author(s):  
Shuang Ping Yang ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Xin Du
Keyword(s):  
Iron Reduction ◽  
Converter Slag ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Iron Alloy ◽  
Equilibrium Concentration ◽  
Flash Smelting ◽  
Smelting Reduction ◽  
Comprehensive Utilization ◽  
Nickel Cobalt ◽  
Alloy Iron

Jinchuan nickel-copper flash smelting slag is rich in iron, nickel, cobalt and copper, and JISCO converter slag is rich in iron, manganese and high CaO, etc., the two kind slags were blended, and then smelted into low-alloy iron containing nickel, cobalt, copper and manganese with smelting reduction method, which is a new comprehensive utilization methods for the Double slag. The thermodynamic calculation results of the equilibrium concentration of Fe, Cu and Ni in low-alloy iron obtained by smelting reduction under experimental condition are in good agreement with experimental results. Iron reduction rate of Fe, Cu and Ni can be elevated to above 90% by smelting reduction, thus the comprehensive utilization of valuable metals can come true.

K-42-B

Alloy Digest ◽  
1954 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Iron Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Cobalt Chromium ◽  
Nickel Cobalt ◽  
Creep Characteristics ◽  
Westinghouse Electric Corporation ◽  
Westinghouse Electric ◽  
Hardening Heat Treatment ◽  
Resistance To Heat

Abstract K-42-B is a nickel-cobalt-chromium-iron alloy having high resistance to heat and corrosion. It responds to a precipitation-hardening heat treatment producing high tensile and creep characteristics at elevated temperatures. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep and fatigue. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Ni-13. Producer or source: Westinghouse Electric Corporation.

scholarly journals Enhancement of iron toxicity in L929 cells by d-glucose: accelerated(re-)reduction

2002 ◽  
Vol 368 (2) ◽  
pp. 517-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilka LEHNEN-BEYEL ◽  
Herbert de GROOT ◽  
Ursula RAUEN
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Iron Reduction ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Iron Complex ◽  
Iron Toxicity ◽  
Intracellular Iron ◽  
Iron Valence ◽  
Iron Pool

It has recently been shown that an increase in the cellular chelatable iron pool is sufficient to cause cell damage. To further characterize this kind of injury, we artificially enhanced the chelatable iron pool in L929 mouse fibroblasts using the highly membrane-permeable complex Fe(III)/8-hydroxyquinoline. This iron complex induced a significant oxygen-dependent loss of viability during an incubation period of 5h. Surprisingly, the addition of d-glucose strongly enhanced this toxicity whereas no such effect was exerted by l-glucose and 2-deoxyglucose. The assumption that this increase in toxicity might be due to an enhanced availability of reducing equivalents formed during the metabolism of d-glucose was supported by NAD(P)H measurements which showed a 1.5—2-fold increase in the cellular NAD(P)H content upon addition of d-glucose. To assess the influence of this enhanced cellular reducing capacity on iron valence we established a new method to measure the reduction rate of iron based on the fluorescent iron(II) indicator PhenGreen SK. We could show that the rate of intracellular iron reduction was more than doubled in the presence of d-glucose. A similar acceleration was achieved by adding the reducing agents ascorbate and glutathione (the latter as membrane-permeable ethyl ester). Glutathione ethyl ester, as well as the thiol reagent N-acetylcysteine, also caused a toxicity increase comparable with d-glucose. These results suggest an enhancement of iron toxicity by d-glucose via an accelerated (re-)reduction of iron with NAD(P)H serving as central electron provider and ascorbate, glutathione or possibly NAD(P)H itself as final reducing agent.

scholarly journals Chromium (VI) Inhibition of Low pH Bioleaching of Limonitic Nickel-Cobalt Ore

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Laura Santos ◽  
Agnieszka Dybowska ◽  
Paul F. Schofield ◽  
Richard J. Herrington ◽  
Giannantonio Cibin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Reduction ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Total Chromium ◽  
Edge Structure ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Microbial Inhibition ◽  
Nickel Cobalt ◽  
Target Metal ◽  
X Ray Absorption

Limonitic layers of the regolith, which are often stockpiled as waste materials at laterite mines, commonly contain significant concentrations of valuable base metals, such as nickel, cobalt, and manganese. There is currently considerable demand for these transition metals, and this is projected to continue to increase (alongside their commodity values) during the next few decades, due in the most part to their use in battery and renewable technologies. Limonite bioprocessing is an emerging technology that often uses acidophilic prokaryotes to catalyse the oxidation of zero-valent sulphur coupled to the reduction of Fe (III) and Mn (IV) minerals, resulting in the release of target metals. Chromium-bearing minerals, such as chromite, where the metal is present as Cr (III), are widespread in laterite deposits. However, there are also reports that the more oxidised and more biotoxic form of this metal [Cr (VI)] may be present in some limonites, formed by the oxidation of Cr (III) by manganese (IV) oxides. Bioleaching experiments carried out in laboratory-scale reactors using limonites from a laterite mine in New Caledonia found that solid densities of ∼10% w/v resulted in complete inhibition of iron reduction by acidophiles, which is a critical reaction in the reductive dissolution process. Further investigations found this to be due to the release of Cr (VI) in the acidic liquors. X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy analysis of the limonites used found that between 3.1 and 8.0% of the total chromium in the three limonite samples used in experiments was present in the raw materials as Cr (VI). Microbial inhibition due to Cr (VI) could be eliminated either by adding limonite incrementally or by the addition of ferrous iron, which reduces Cr (VI) to less toxic Cr (III), resulting in rates of extraction of cobalt (the main target metal in the experiments) of >90%.

scholarly journals Effects of Carbon Addition on Dissimilatory Fe(III) Reduction in Freshwater Marsh and Meadow Wetlands

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Zhu ◽  
Yuxiang Yuan ◽  
Ming Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Iron Reduction ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Sanjiang Plain ◽  
Freshwater Marsh ◽  
Freshwater Wetlands ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Carbon Addition ◽  
Soil Slurry ◽  
The Sanjiang Plain

The progress of dissimilatory iron(III) reduction is widespread in natural environments, particularly in anoxic habitats; in fact, wetland ecosystems are considered as “hotspots” of dissimilatory Fe(III) reduction. In this study, we conducted soil slurry and microbial inoculation anaerobic incubation with glucose, pyruvate, and soluble quinone anthraquinone-2,6-disulphonate (AQDS) additions in freshwater marsh and meadow wetlands in the Sanjiang Plain, to evaluate the role of carbon addition in the rates and dynamics of iron reduction. Dissimilatory Fe(III) reduction in marsh wetlands responded more quickly and showed twice the potential for Fe(III) reduction as that in meadow wetland. Fe(III) reduction rate in marsh and meadow wetlands was 76% and 30%, respectively. Glucose had a higher capacity to enhance Fe(III) reduction than pyruvate, which provides valuable information for the further isolation of Fe reduction bacteria in pure culture. AQDS could dramatically increase potential Fe(III) reduction as an electron shuttle in both wetlands. pH exhibited a negative relationship with Fe(III) reduction. In view of the significance of freshwater wetlands in the global carbon and iron cycle, further profound research is now essential and should explore the enzymatic mechanisms underlying iron reduction in freshwater wetlands.

scholarly journals The Potential of Recycling the High-Zinc Fraction of Upgraded BF Sludge to the Desulfurization Plant and Basic Oxygen Furnace

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Andersson ◽  
Mats Andersson ◽  
Elsayed Mousa ◽  
Adeline Kullerstedt ◽  
Hesham Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Hot Metal ◽  
Smelting Reduction ◽  
Basic Oxygen ◽  
High Zinc ◽  
Endothermic Reactions ◽  
Recycling Potential

In ore-based steelmaking, blast furnace (BF) dust is generally recycled to the BF via the sinter or cold-bonded briquettes and injection. In order to recycle the BF sludge to the BF, the sludge has to be upgraded, removing zinc. The literature reports cases of recycling the low-zinc fraction of upgraded BF sludge to the BF. However, research towards recycling of the high-zinc fraction of BF sludge within the ore-based steel plant is limited. In the present paper, the high-zinc fraction of tornado-treated BF sludge was incorporated in self-reducing cold-bonded briquettes and pellets. Each type of agglomerate was individually subjected to technical-scale smelting reduction experiments aiming to study the feasibility of recycling in-plant residues to the hot metal (HM) desulfurization (deS) plant. The endothermic reactions within the briquettes decreased the heating and reduction rate leaving the briquettes unreduced and unmelted. The pellets were completely reduced within eight minutes of contact with HM but still showed melt-in problems. Cold-bonded briquettes, without BF sludge, were charged in industrial-scale trials to study the recycling potential to the HM deS plant and basic oxygen furnace (BOF). The trials illustrated a potential for the complete recycling of the high-zinc fraction of BF sludge. However, further studies were identified to be required to verify these results.

Coalescence and sedimentation of liquid iron droplets during smelting reduction of converter slag with mechanical stirring

2020 ◽  
Vol 362 ◽  
pp. 550-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meile He ◽  
Nan Wang ◽  
Qinfu Hou ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
Haiyang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Iron ◽  
Converter Slag ◽  
Smelting Reduction ◽  
Mechanical Stirring

Metallurgical Behavior of Adjusted Converter Slag in Reduction Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 299-300 ◽  
pp. 310-313
Author(s):  
Min Chen ◽  
Zhen Tian ◽  
Qing Xian Yu ◽  
Zhen Feng Gao
Keyword(s):  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Slag Composition ◽  
Converter Slag ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Selective Reduction ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Reducing Agent ◽  
Metal Phase ◽  
Reduction Temperature

The metallurgical behavior of adjusted converter slag components during the selective reduction process were investigated by thermodynamic calculating with different modified slag composition, addition of reducing agent and reduction temperature. The activities of main slag components were drawn from the calculated values. The results showed that the activity of SiO2increased with increment of its mass fraction in slag. The solubility of SiO2increased with increment of temperature. The selective reduction was promoted by selecting the appropriate amount of modifier. Reduction order was elucidated in this paper, Fe was reduced from the slag followed by P, Mn and Si and the reduction rate of Si could reach about 51%. The metal phase was rich in Fe, Si, Mn and P as a result of the selective reduction.

scholarly journals Influence of Different Carbon Content on Reduction of Zinc Oxide via Metal Bath

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 664
Author(s):  
Michael Auer ◽  
Christoph Wölfler ◽  
Jürgen Antrekowitsch
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Iron Alloy ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Metal Bath ◽  
Waelz Process ◽  
Metal Recycling ◽  
Iron Bath

Electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) is an important secondary resource for the zinc industry. The most common process for its recycling is the pyro-metallurgical treatment in the Waelz process. However, this process focuses on the recycling of the zinc, whereas the recovery of other metals from the EAFD—such as iron and other alloying elements—is neglected. An up-to-date version of reprocessing can involve multi-metal recycling by means of a metal bath containing carbon. The use of a liquid iron alloy requires a higher processing temperature, which enables the reduction and melting of iron oxides as well as other compounds occurring in the dust. Furthermore, the Zn yield is higher and the reduction kinetics are faster than in the Waelz process. This paper is only focused on the zinc reduction in such a metal bath. In order to determine the influence of the carbon content in the molten metal on the reduction rate, experiments were carried out on the reduction behavior of zinc oxide using a synthetic slag. This slag, with a basicity B2 = 1, was applied to an iron bath with varying carbon contents. (0.85%, 2.16%, 2.89%, and 4.15%) The decrease in the zinc oxide concentration was monitored, along with the reaction rates calculated from these data. It was found that the reaction rate increases with rising carbon content in the melt.

INCONEL ALLOY 783

Alloy Digest ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Iron Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Inconel Alloy ◽  
Nickel Cobalt ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Cobalt Iron ◽  
Aging Alloy ◽  
Oxidation Resistant ◽  
Clearance Control

Abstract Inconel Alloy 783 is an oxidation resistant, low expansion, nickel-cobalt-iron alloy with other additions. The alloy is a three-phase aging alloy that is of interest for close clearance control components in the aerospace arena. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, tensile properties, and shear strength. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: CO-95. Producer or source: Special Metals Corporation. Originally published January 1995, revised February 2004.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document