Enhancing the Degradation of Rhodamine B by Hydrodynamic Cavitation with CCl4 Augmentation

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 1244-1252
Author(s):  
Shu Jun Zhang ◽  
Li Shen ◽  
Wen Juan Gong
Keyword(s):  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Hydrodynamic Cavitation ◽  
Inlet Pressure ◽  
Kinetic Rate ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Kinetic Rate Constants ◽  
Degradation Reaction

The degradation of Rhodamine B, a common pollutant existing in industrial wastewater, has been explored using a hydrodynamic cavitation reactor combined with CCl4treatment. The effects of CCl4concentration, operating pH values, inlet pressure, initial temperatures and initial RhB concentration were investigated. The result shows that the removal of RhB increases from 70.78% to 80.38% with increasing CCl4concentrations during hydrodynamic cavitation. Degradation of RhB with CCl4treatment increased as the operating pH value and its initial concentration decreased, a 7-fold increase (from 0.22×102min1to 1.68×102min1) in the kinetic rate constants were found at pH values ranging from 4.0 to 2.0. In addition, RhB degradation with CCl4treatment increased as the inlet pressure and temperature increased. From the present work, we conclude that the RhB degradation reaction follows a pseudo-first-order kinetics, and the mechanisms of CCl4enhancement are subsequently discussed.

Adsorption of Organic Compounds on Refined Latvian Clay

2018 ◽  
Vol 788 ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Oskars Leščinskis ◽  
Ruta Švinka ◽  
Visvaldis Švinka
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Ftir Spectra ◽  
Ph Values

Clays are materials consisting of clay minerals and non-clay minerals. Clay mineral fraction is considered to be a nanofraction. Clay minerals can be used for water purification and treatment. Description and characterization of 3 different Latvian clay nanosized minerals from 3 different geological periods (clay Liepa from Devonian period, clay Vadakste from Triassic period and clay Apriki from Quaternary period) as well as their adsorption capacity concerning organic compounds such as methyl orange and rhodamine B are summarized. Nanosized clay mineral particles were obtained using sedimentation method. Particle size distribution, zeta potential and FTIR spectra is given. The adsorption tests of above mentioned organic compounds were carried out in water solutions at 3 different pH values. The adsorption values were determined by means of UV-spectrophotometric technique. Zeta potential values for clay minerals Apriki, Liepa and Vadakste are -40.9 mV, -49.6 mV and -43.0 mV, respectively. FTIR spectra show similar tendencies for all 3 clay minerals. The best adsorption capacity concerning methyl orange and rhodamine B were in solutions with a pH value of 2, whereas at neutral and alkaline pH values adsorption in 24 hours was not observed.

The Degradation of Chitosan Using Hydrodynamic Cavitation with NaNO2 Enhancement

2014 ◽  
Vol 1015 ◽  
pp. 585-589
Author(s):  
Shu Jun Zhang ◽  
Bing He ◽  
De Li Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Hydrodynamic Cavitation ◽  
Inlet Pressure

The hydrodynamic cavitation degradation of chitosan with NaNO2enhancement was investigated. The effects of NaNO2dosage, temperature, inlet pressure, PH value, the concentration of the chitosan were been discussed. It was found that the hydrodynamic cavitation degradation of the chitosan can be largely enhanced by adding NaNO2. It was also seen that the extent of degradation chitosan can be changed marginally with the temperature.

scholarly journals Treatment of fish processing industry wastewater using hydrodynamic cavitational reactor with biodegradability improvement

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (12) ◽  
pp. 2310-2319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Dhanke ◽  
Sameer Wagh ◽  
Abhijeet Patil
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hydrodynamic Cavitation ◽  
Inlet Pressure ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Cavitation Effect ◽  
Processing Plants

Abstract Water generated from the fish processing industry is contaminated with organic matter. This organic matter present in wastewater increases the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). A new technology, hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is used to deal with this wastewater produced in fish processing plants. The orifice plate is used in the HC reactor to generate a cavitation effect. The intensification of this technique was carried out with the help of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and TiO2. The treatment of this wastewater is reported in terms of percent degradation in BOD and COD and in biodegradability index (BI). Operating parameters like inlet pressure, pH, operating temperature and H2O2 doses were used to find the optimum condition. 15 g/L of H2O2 gave 69.5% reduction of COD in the 120 min of treatment that also increases BI value to 0.93 at inlet pressure 8 bar, Plate-5, temperature (30 °C), and pH 4. In the ultrasonic cavitation (UC) reactor, COD reduction is 68.7% without TiO2 and with TiO2 it is 71.2%. Also, this HC and UC reactor reduced CFU count to a great extent at the same operating conditions.

Interfacial catalysis by phospholipase A2: determination of the interfacial kinetic rate constants

Biochemistry ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (29) ◽  
pp. 7283-7297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otto G. Berg ◽  
Bao Zhu Yu ◽  
Joe Rogers ◽  
Mahendra Kumar Jain
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Kinetic Rate ◽  
Kinetic Rate Constants ◽  
Interfacial Catalysis

scholarly journals The Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants on the MnFe2O4/BGA Composite under Visible Light

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1276
Author(s):  
Qian Li ◽  
Xiaoyu Jiang ◽  
Yongfu Lian
Keyword(s):  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Reaction Rate Constant ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Boron Doped ◽  
Fenton Catalyst ◽  
Aerogel Composite ◽  
Doped Graphene ◽  
Apparent Reaction Rate Constant

The MnFe2O4/BGA (boron-doped graphene aerogel) composite was prepared by hydrothermal treatment of MnFe2O4 particles, boric acid, and graphene oxide. When applied as a photo-Fenton catalyst for the degradation of rhodamine B, the MnFe2O4/BGA composite yielded a degradation efficiency much higher than the sum of those of individual MnFe2O4 and BGA under identical experimental conditions, indicating a strong synergetic effect established between MnFe2O4 and BGA. The catalytic degradation of rhodamine B was proved to follow pseudo first-order kinetics, and the apparent reaction rate constant on the MnFe2O4/BGA composite was calculated to be three- and seven-fold that on BGA and MnFe2O4, respectively. Moreover, the MnFe2O4/BGA composite also demonstrated good reusability and could be reused for four cycles without obvious loss of photocatalytic activity.

scholarly journals Bonding of Selected Hardwoods with PVAc Adhesive

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Ján Iždinský ◽  
Ladislav Reinprecht ◽  
Ján Sedliačik ◽  
Jozef Kúdela ◽  
Viera Kučerová
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Strength ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Positive Tendency ◽  
The Impact

The bonding of wood with assembly adhesives is crucial for manufacturing wood composites, such as solid wood panels, glulam, furniture parts, and sport and musical instruments. This work investigates 13 hardwoods—bangkirai, beech, black locust, bubinga, ipé, iroko, maçaranduba, meranti, oak, palisander, sapelli, wengé and zebrano—and analyzes the impact of their selected structural and physical characteristics (e.g., the density, cold water extract, pH value, roughness, and wettability) on the adhesion strength with the polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) adhesive Multibond SK8. The adhesion strength of the bonded hardwoods, determined by the standard EN 205, ranged in the dry state from 9.5 MPa to 17.2 MPa, from 0.6 MPa to 2.6 MPa in the wet state, and from 8.5 MPa to 19.2 MPa in the reconditioned state. The adhesion strength in the dry state of the bonded hardwoods was not influenced by their cold water extracts, pH values, or roughness parallel with the grain. On the contrary, the adhesion strength was significantly with positive tendency influenced by their higher densities, lower roughness parameters perpendicular to the grain, and lower water contact angles.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Properties of Self-Assembly Graphene Microcapsules: Effect of the pH Value

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Dong Guo ◽  
Jun-Feng Su ◽  
Ru Mu ◽  
Xin-Yu Wang ◽  
Xiao-Long Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Liquid Paraffin ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Microstructure And Properties ◽  
Ph Values

Graphene has attracted attention in the material field of functional microcapsules because of its excellent characteristics. The content and state of graphene in shells are critical for the properties of microcapsules, which are greatly affected by the charge adsorption equilibrium. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of pH value on the microstructure and properties of self-assembly graphene microcapsules in regard to chemical engineering. Microcapsule samples were prepared containing liquid paraffin by a self-assembly polymerization method with graphene/organic hybrid shells. The morphology, average size and shell thickness parameters were investigated for five microcapsule samples fabricated under pH values of 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7. The existence and state of graphene in dry microcapsule samples were analyzed by using methods of scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectoscopy (FT-IR) and Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) were applied to analyze the graphene content in shells. These results proved that graphene had existed in shells and the pH values greatly influenced the graphene deposition on shells. It was found that the microcapsule sample fabricated under pH = 5 experienced the largest graphene deposited on shells with the help of macromolecules entanglement and electrostatic adherence. This microcapsules sample had enhanced thermal stability and larger thermal conductivity because of additional graphene in shells. Nanoindentation tests showed this sample had the capability of deforming resistance under pressure coming from the composite structure of graphene/polymer structure. Moreover, more graphene decreased the penetrability of core material out of microcapsule shells.

The matrix effects on kinetic rate constants of antibody–antigen interactions reflect solvent viscosity

1998 ◽  
Vol 217 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire L. Morgan ◽  
David J. Newman ◽  
Jacky M. Burrin ◽  
Christopher P. Price
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constants ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Kinetic Rate ◽  
Solvent Viscosity ◽  
Kinetic Rate Constants ◽  
The Matrix

Study on Influence of Silicate Morphology Based on pH Value

2012 ◽  
Vol 454 ◽  
pp. 324-328
Author(s):  
Yan He ◽  
Ya Jing Liu ◽  
Yong Lin Cao ◽  
Li Xia Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Silicic Acid ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
The Stability

Infra-red absorption spectrometry, X-ray diffraction observations and characterization tests based on silicon molybdenum colorimetric method were used to investigate the optimal pH value controlling the stability of the silicic acid form. The experiment process was done by using sodium silicate as raw material. The results showed that the solution of silicate influenced the polymerization. The active silicic acid solution with a certain degree of polymerization was obtained by controlling the pH values.

scholarly journals Oral pH value predicts the incidence of radiotherapy related caries in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Li ◽  
Qiuji Wu ◽  
Xiangyu Meng ◽  
Haijun Yu ◽  
Dazhen Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Tea Consumption ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Kaplan Meier

AbstractRadiotherapy-related caries is a complication of radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma; however, factors influencing the occurrence, accurate prediction of onset, and protective factors of radiotherapy-related caries remain unclear. This study analyzed risk factors, disease predictors, and protective factors for radiotherapy-related caries in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. This prospective study included 138 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients receiving radical radiotherapy at our hospital during June 2012–December 2016 and were followed up for dental caries. Patients’ clinical data on radiotherapy were collected, dynamic monitoring was performed to assess changes in oral pH values, and a questionnaire survey was administered to collect patients’ lifestyle habits. Time-dependent cox regression trees, event-free Kaplan–Meier curve, Mann–Whitely U test were used to analysis the results. The median follow-up time was 30 (12–60) months. Radiotherapy-related caries occurred in 28 cases (20.3%). Univariate analyses showed that radiotherapy-related caries was associated with patient’s age, oral saliva pH value, green tea consumption, and radiation dose to sublingual glands, but not with the radiation dose to the parotid and submandibular glands. Multivariate analysis showed that oral saliva pH value [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.390, 95% confidence interval = 0.204–0.746] was an independent prognostic factor for radiotherapy-related caries. Patients with oral saliva pH values ≤ 5.3 in the 9th month after radiotherapy represented a significantly higher risks for radiotherapy-related caries (p < 0.001). Green tea consumption was associated with the occurrence of radiotherapy-related caries, and oral saliva pH values could predict the occurrence of radiotherapy-related caries. Limiting radiation doses to sublingual glands can reduce the occurrence of radiotherapy-related caries.

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