Shear Tests of Composite Slabs, Experimental and Numerical Investigation

2014 ◽  
Vol 923 ◽  
pp. 217-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Holomek ◽  
Miroslav Bajer ◽  
Jan Barnat ◽  
Martin Vild
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Concrete Slabs ◽  
Shear Tests ◽  
Composite Action ◽  
Permanent Formwork ◽  
Composite Slabs ◽  
New Type ◽  
Large Scale Tests ◽  
Scale Shear

Composite slab is being used for horizontal structures. The sheeting can serve as a permanent formwork and no additional reinforcement can be required. The slabs are then fast and easy assemble construction which can be effectively used in reconstructions. One of the meanings to assure composite action of composite steel-concrete slabs is prepressed embossments. Its main disadvantage is that the design of a new type of sheeting requires expensive and time consuming large-scale laboratory testing which hamper its widespread commercial usage. Small-scale shear tests present a less expensive alternative to the large-scale tests but its results cannot be simply used for the design of the whole slab. The results from small-scale tests with different options are compared in this paper. Also a possibility of contribution of FE simulation results to the small-scale tests usage is investigated.

scholarly journals Test Arrangement of Small-scale Shear Tests of Composite Slabs

2016 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 716-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Holomek ◽  
Miroslav Bajera ◽  
Martin Vilda
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Shear Tests ◽  
Composite Slabs ◽  
Scale Shear

scholarly journals LARGE AND SMALL SCALE WAVE OVERTOPPING MEASUREMENTS FOR AFSLUITDIJK REHABILITATION PROJECT

2020 ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Wouter Ockeloen ◽  
Coen Kuiper ◽  
Sjoerd van den Steen
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wadden Sea ◽  
Model Tests ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Wave Overtopping ◽  
Physical Model Tests ◽  
Large Scale Tests

The 'Afsluitdijk' is a 32 km enclosure dam which separates the Wadden sea and the Lake IJssel. The dam currently undergoes a major rehabilitation to meet the requirements with regard to water safety. The Dutch Ministry of infrastructure and Water Management (Rijkswaterstaat division) has commissioned Levvel, a consortium of BAM, Van Oord and Rebel, to prepare the design and carry out the reconstruction of the dam including sluices and highway. The project includes reinforcement of the armour layers and wave overtopping reduction. As part of the contract Rijkswaterstaat prescribed the contractor (Levvel) to verify the design with large scale physical model tests (min. 1:3 scale). These tests were carried out in the Delta Flume of Deltares. Prior to the large scale tests, smaller scale tests (1:20) have been carried out to optimize the design with regard to armour stability and wave overtopping. The research described here focuses on the wave overtopping.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/kPga0wVCCIE

scholarly journals Long Term and Large-Scale Continuous Studies on Zinc(II) Sorption and Desorption on Hybrid Pectin-Guar Gum Biosorbent

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Jakóbik-Kolon ◽  
Joanna Bok-Badura ◽  
Andrzej Milewski ◽  
Krzysztof Karoń
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Time Model ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Real Wastewater ◽  
Scale Experiment ◽  
Large Scale Tests

Pectin-guar gum biosorbent was tested for zinc(II) ions removal in column process. Sorption–desorption experiments were performed in laboratory and at larger scale. The breakthrough and elution curves were obtained for various conditions. The Bed Depth Service Time model was tested for utility in data estimation. Possibility of sorbent reuse and its lifetime was examined in 20 repeated sorption–desorption cycles. Finally, tests were repeated for real wastewater from galvanizing plant, giving satisfactory results. The effectiveness of Zn(II) sorption happened to be dependent on process parameters; tests have proved that it increased with increasing bed height and with decreasing flow rate or grain size. For an initial zinc concentration of 30 mg/L, even 2096 mL of zinc solution could be purified in small scale experiment (2 g of fine grain sorbent and flow rate 60 mL/h) or 5900 L in large-scale (16 kg of large grain sorbent and flow rate 45 L/h). This allowed for 40-fold or 49-fold zinc increases in concentration in one sorption–desorption cycle. The most successful results are meant that at least 20 sorption–desorption cycles could be performed on one portion of biosorbent without loss of its effectiveness, large-scale tests for real wastewater from galvanizing plant gave satisfactory results, and that the form and mechanical stability of our sorbent is suitable for column usage with flow rates applicable in industry.

INVESTIGATING EXPLOSIVE SENSITIVITY TO ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE ACCORDING TO NATO STANDARDIZATION DOCUMENTS

2016 ◽  
pp. 39-60
Author(s):  
Maciej MISZCZAK, ◽  
Cezary Kwiecień ◽  
Sławomir Gryka
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rocket Propellants ◽  
Smokeless Powders ◽  
Solid Explosives ◽  
Solid Rocket ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Explosive Sensitivity ◽  
Solid Rocket Propellants ◽  
Large Scale Tests

Some small scale methods for testing the sensitivity against ESD (Electro Static Discharge) of solid explosives like primary explosives, booster explosives, high explosives, gun and rocket propellants (smokeless powders and solid rocket propellants) and pyrotechnic compositions are overviewed in the paper from the point of NATO standardisation documentation that includes Standard Agreement (STANAG) 4490 [1], Allied Ordnance Publication AOP-7 [2] and STANAG 4170 [3]. The overview is supplemented with analyses and assessments of methods and received results. ESD sensitivity tests of explosives in small scale have not been unified yet in NATO standardization documentation in contradiction to NATO large scale tests. Such unification would be beneficial as it could lead to a greater reliability of results of explosive ESD susceptibility tests performed e.g. in the frame of interlaboratory tests.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Small-scale Turbulent Dynamo by Large-scale Shear

2017 ◽  
Vol 850 (1) ◽  
pp. L8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishant K. Singh ◽  
Igor Rogachevskii ◽  
Axel Brandenburg
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Turbulent Dynamo ◽  
Scale Shear

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN KONSTRUK INSTRUMEN HASIL PEMBELAJARAN PRAKTIK KARAWITAN JAWA

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-187
Author(s):  
Budi Raharja ◽  
Suminto A. Sayuti
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fitness Test ◽  
Content Factor ◽  
Large Scale Tests

Penelitian ini mengembangkan instrumen hasil pembelajaran praktik karawitan Jawa dari perspektif  keterampilan dan sikap. Perspektif keterampilan menilai kemampuan peserta didik menyelaraskan komponen pembelajaran (melodi, irama/tempo, dan bunyi/nada); sedangkan perspektif sikap menilai pemahaman, penghayatan, dan pengamalan komponen pembelajaran tersebut. Langkah-langkahnya meliputi pengembangan produk, validasi produk, implementasi produk, dan analisis data. Pengembangan produk meliputi pengembangan instrumen keterampilan dan pengembangan instrumen sikap; validasi produk menguji produk dalam diskusi kelompok terfokus, seminar instrumen, dan validasi ahli; implementasi produk adalah mengaplikasikan instrumen dalam uji coba skala kecil dan skala besar serta uji coba utama; sedangkan analisis datanya menggunakan uji kecocokan model. Hasil uji kecocokan model menyatakan bahwa model dinyatakan fit dengan koefisien korelasi antara 0,90 hingga 0,98 dan muatan faktor antara 0,62 hingga 0,91. Instrumen menghasilkan informasi kemampuan menyelaraskan melodi, irama, dan bunyi ricikan serta karakteristik tabuhan peserta didik dari perspektif dan pemahaman, penghayatan, dan pengamalan komponen pembelajarannya. Kata kunci: karawitan, penilaian, keterampilan, sikap _____________________________________________________________ DEVELOPING AN INSTRUMENT CONSTRUCT FOR ASSESSING THE JAVANESE KARAWITAN LEARNING OUTCOMEAbstract This study developed an instrument for assessing learning achievement of Javanese karawitan practice from the perspectives of skill and attitude. The skill perspective evaluates the students’ ability to harmonize the learning components (melody, rhythm/tempo, and sound/tone); while the attitude perspective evaluates their understanding, comprehension, and application of those learning components. The steps in doing the research include product development, product validation, product implementation, and data analysis. Product development includes developing the skill instruments and developing the attitude instruments; while product validation includes testing the product in focus group discussion, seminar for the instruments, and expert judgment. Product implementation is applying the instrument in small-scale and large-scale tests as well as main testing, while the data analysis used model fitness test. The result of model fitness test shows that this model is fit with correlation coefficient from 0.90 to 0.98 and content factor from 0.62 to 0.91. The instrument has yielded information concerning the ability of students to harmonize melody, rhythm, and the ricikan and tabuhan sounds from the perspectives of understanding, comprehending, and applying the learning components.Keywords: karawitan, assessment, skill, and attitude

scholarly journals Developing STEM-based TGT learning model to improve students' process skills

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faizah Firdaus ◽  
Wachju Subchan ◽  
Erlia Narulita
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Process Skills ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Science Process Skills ◽  
Team Games ◽  
Large Scale Tests

Strengthening STEM-oriented learning is necessary for 21st century, so the development of appropriate learning models must be carried out. The aimed to of this study were analized validity, effectiveness, and practicality of STEM-based Team Games and Tournament (TGT) learning model towards the students' science process skills. This research was research and development (R&D) with a 4-D development namely; Defining, Designing, Developing, and Disseminating. The study involved 2 experts as validators, 2 teachers as user, and 112 students in small-scale tests, large-scale tests, and distribution tests in SMA. The research was done until the stage of disseminating and produced. The results showed the validity value of 83% was categorized as very valid, the effectiveness score of 83.9% was categorized as good, and the practicality score was 87.5%, so that it was declared valid, effective, and practical to improve the science process skills. Therefore, it is recommended to be applied in schools.

scholarly journals PIV Measurements in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer within and above a Mature Corn Canopy. Part II: Quadrant-Hole Analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 2825-2838 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Zhu ◽  
R. van Hout ◽  
J. Katz
Keyword(s):  
Dissipation Rate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Reynolds Shear Stress ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Reynolds Stresses ◽  
Piv Measurements ◽  
Dissipation Rates ◽  
Scale Shear ◽  
Corn Canopy

Quadrant-hole (Q-H) analysis is applied to PIV data acquired just within and above a mature corn canopy. The Reynolds shear stresses, transverse components of vorticity, as well as turbulence production and cascading part of dissipation rates are conditionally sampled in each quadrant, based on stress and vorticity magnitudes. The stresses are representative of large-scale events, while the vorticity is dominated by small-scale shear. Dissipation rates (cascading energy fluxes) are evaluated by fitting −5/3 slope lines to the conditionally sampled and averaged spatial energy spectra, while the Reynolds stresses, vorticity, and production rates are calculated directly from the spatial distributions of two velocity components. The results demonstrate that sweep (quadrant 4) and ejection (quadrant 2) events are the dominant contributors to the Reynolds shear stress, consistent with previous observations. The analysis also shows a strong correlation between magnitudes of dissipation rate and vorticity. The dissipation rates and vorticity magnitudes are higher in quadrants 1 and 4, that is, when the horizontal component of the fluctuating velocity is positive, peaking in quadrant 1. Both are weakly correlated with the Reynolds stresses except for rare quadrant 1 events. However, the more frequently occurring quadrant 4 events are the largest contributors to the dissipation rate. The production rate inherently increases with increasing stress magnitude, but lacks correlation with vorticity. Quadrants 2 and 4 contribute the most to production. However, the contribution of quadrant 1 events to negative production should not be ignored above canopy. The results show a strong disconnection between small-scale- and large-scale-dominated phenomena.

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