Wettability and Surface Roughness Study on RIE Treated Aluminium Deposited Surface

Design of Experiment (DOE) is a technique for optimizing process which has controllable inputs and measurable outputs. As a method of DOE, 24 Full Factorial design is used to study the effect of Reactive Ion Etch towards the surface roughness of aluminum pad and effect of the roughness produced towards the contact angle. Surface roughness analysis is done using Atomic Force Microscop (AFM). Contact angle is measured using AutoCad software from the images captured from droplet test. This contact angles must be more than 90° for non-wetting profile or less than 90° for wetting profile. This work is also done to understand the interaction between the process parameters and how each parameters will affect the etch rate. The results are analyzed which shows that the increase in surface roughness produces an increase on the contact angle and vice versa.

Download Full-text

Interaction Relationship Analysis of Surface Roughness on Aluminium Etched Wafer Using RIE

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.487.214 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 487 ◽

pp. 214-217

Author(s):

Zaliman Sauli ◽

Vithyacharan Retnasamy ◽

Aaron Koay Terr Yeow ◽

Ng Wei Wei

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Factorial Design ◽

Design Of Experiment ◽

Reactive Ion Etching ◽

Full Factorial Design ◽

Strong Interactions ◽

Rf Power ◽

Ion Etching ◽

Relationship Analysis ◽

Full Factorial

This paper presents the interaction relationships between Tetrafluoromethane (CF4) gas, Oxygen (O2) gas, and RF power in response to the surface roughness of an Aluminium deposited wafer after being etched using Reactive Ion Etching (RIE). The investigation was done using the three factors full factorial design of experiment (DOE). Analysis was done qualitatively by plotting the main interaction plots. The results suggest that strong interactions are present between CF4 and RF power, CF4 and O2, and also O2 and RF power due to the intersection of the graphs. This implies that all three factors have interaction between each other towards the surface roughness on the deposited Aluminium after RIE.

Download Full-text

Investigating the Effect of Process Parameters in Incremental Sheet Forming Process

Advances in Civil and Industrial Engineering - Data-Driven Optimization of Manufacturing Processes ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-7206-1.ch003 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 24-36

Author(s):

Manish Oraon ◽

Manish Kumar Roy ◽

Vinay Sharma

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Sheet Forming ◽

Incremental Sheet Forming ◽

Forming Process ◽

Batch Production ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Roughness Analysis ◽

Step Down

Incremental sheet forming (ISF) is an emerging technique of sheet metal working that comes into the picture in the last two decades. The ISF involved the forming of shapes without using the dedicated dies. ISF is suitable for customized products, rapid prototyping, and low batch production. The study aims to investigate the effect of process parameters on the surface roughness. The experiments are conducted on aluminum AA3003-O grade with six parameters, and the trials are performed according to the design of experiment (DOE). The atomic force microscopy (AFM) technique is used for measuring the surface roughness. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used for analyzing the effect of process parameters in ISF. The result shows that the step-down size, feed rate of the tool, and wall angle are significant process parameter and their contributions for ISF are 85.86%, 1.12%, and 12.29%, respectively.

Download Full-text

Effect of Process Parameters on Surface Roughness in Surface Grinding of 90CrSi Tool Steel

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.305.191 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 305 ◽

pp. 191-197 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tran Thi Hong ◽

Nguyen Van Cuong ◽

Le Hong Ky ◽

Luu Anh Tung ◽

Thanh Tu Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Factorial Design ◽

Tool Steel ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Full Factorial Design ◽

Surface Grinding ◽

Depth Of Cut ◽

Predicted Model ◽

Full Factorial ◽

Table Speed

This paper aims to investigate the effect of process parameters on the surface roughness in suface grinding 90CrSi tool steel. In this paper, many process parameters including the coolant concentration, the coolant flow, the cross feed, the table speed and the depth of cut were taken into account. Based on conducting and analysing 25 experiments which were created by using full factorial design, the influence of the process parameters on the surface roughness was evaluated. Also, a predicted model to calculate the surface roughness was proposed.

Download Full-text

Design of Experiment for Incremental Forming of Artificial Skull on Titanium Grade 2

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.950.103 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 950 ◽

pp. 103-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nuttaphong Sornsuwit ◽

Sunthorn Sittisakuljaroen

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Factorial Design ◽

Sheet Metal ◽

Design Of Experiment ◽

Incremental Forming ◽

Forming Process ◽

Titanium Grade ◽

Main Effects ◽

Full Factorial

The incremental forming process was investigated in this research for sheet metal. With this technique, it appeared in different surface roughness. This research studied a titanium grade 2 sheet, which is formed by incremental forming process with varied factors in the experimental design for Full Factorial Design 2-level for consideration of three factors determining the surface roughness. It was found that the factors of main effects to surface roughness were spindle speed and overlap. However, the depth did not affect directly on the surface roughness.

Download Full-text

Effect of Water Temperature, pH Value, and Film Thickness on the Wettability Behaviour of Copper Surfaces Coated with Copper Using EB-PVD Technique

Journal of Nano Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.60.124 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 60 ◽

pp. 124-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Naser Ali ◽

Joao Amaral Teixeira ◽

Abdulmajid Addali

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Contact Angle ◽

Film Thickness ◽

Water Temperature ◽

Ph Value ◽

Surface Wettability ◽

Copper Surfaces ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Static Contact

This research investigates the effect of surface roughness, water temperature, and pH value on the wettability behaviour of copper surfaces. An electron beam physical vapour deposition technique was used to fabricate 25, 50, and 75 nm thin films of copper on the surface of copper substrates. Surface topographical analysis, of the uncoated and coated samples, was performed using an atomic force microscopy device to observe the changes in surface microstructure. A goniometer device was then employed to examine the surface wettability of the samples by obtaining the static contact angle between the liquid and the attached surface using the sessile drops technique. Waters of pH 4, 7, and 9 were employed as the contact angle testing fluids at a set of fixed temperatures that ranged from 20°C to 60°C. It was found that increasing the deposited film thickness reduces the surface roughness of the as-prepared copper surfaces and thus causing the surface wettability to diverge from its initial hydrophobic nature towards the hydrophilic behaviour region. A similar divergence behaviour was seen with the rise in temperature of water of pH 4, and 9. In contrast, the water of pH 7, when tested on the uncoated surface, ceased to reach a contact angle below 90o. It is believed that the observed changes in surface wettability behaviour is directly linked to the liquid temperature, pH value, surface roughness, along with the Hofmeister effect between the water and the surface in contact.

Download Full-text

Single phase (Cyclohexane-Assisted) Transesterification of Jatropha Curcas Seed Oil Using Full Factorial Design of Experiment

International Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy ◽

10.11648/j.ijrse.20130205.11 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 (5) ◽

pp. 191 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ibrahim Ali Mohammed-Dabo

Keyword(s):

Factorial Design ◽

Design Of Experiment ◽

Jatropha Curcas ◽

Single Phase ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Full Factorial Design ◽

Full Factorial

Download Full-text

Heat Treatment Map of Al2Ca-added AlSi11MnMg Pressure-Cast Alloy Plotted by Full Factorial Design of Experiment and Analysis of Variance

Metal Science and Heat Treatment ◽

10.1007/s11041-019-00454-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 61 (7-8) ◽

pp. 511-516

Author(s):

Gil-Yong Yeom ◽

G. Eisaabadi B. ◽

Shae K. Kim ◽

Soong-Keun Hyun ◽

Kyeong Suk Sim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Factorial Design ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Design Of Experiment ◽

Cast Alloy ◽

Full Factorial Design ◽

Full Factorial

Download Full-text

Investigations on effect of process parameters on GTAW of aluminium alloy welding using full factorial design technique

Materials Today Proceedings ◽

10.1016/j.matpr.2020.05.624 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

D. Sathishkumar ◽

A. Daniel Das

Keyword(s):

Aluminium Alloy ◽

Factorial Design ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Full Factorial Design ◽

Design Technique ◽

Full Factorial

Download Full-text

Analysis on the Micro Surface Morphology of Aged Oil-Paper Used in Power Transformer

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.860-863.894 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 860-863 ◽

pp. 894-898

Author(s):

Chao Tang ◽

Sheng Li Dai ◽

Jiao Li

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Surface Morphology ◽

Power Transformer ◽

Roughness Parameter ◽

Fiber Surface ◽

Thermal Ageing ◽

Molecular Arrangement ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Roughness Analysis ◽

Mesh Structures

In order to analyze the ageing mechanism of oil-paper, the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), which is one of the important instruments in nanometer area, was used in this paper for the analysis of the micro surface morphology, and a 3-D surface roughness analysis on the AFM image was presented. The AFM figures indicates that the molecular arrangement of the initial cellulose paper is close and ordered, some of the hexagonal mesh structures of the D-glucopyranose units were broken down after 100 days accelerated thermal ageing. The roughness analysis indicates that he fiber surface roughness parameter Sa increases with the deepening of ageing degree. Special attention should be paid on the increase in the surface roughness of insulation paper, as it will aggravate the oil streaming electrification when the paper is applied to the power transformers.

Download Full-text