Effects of Three Different Microbial Agents on Biodegradation of Agriculture and Forestry Wastes

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 2768-2773
Author(s):  
Shun Li Wang ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Yue Qiu Liu ◽  
Cheng Da Gao ◽  
Ke Feng Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Lignocellulose Degradation ◽  
Fermentation Period ◽  
Microbial Agents ◽  
Degradation Ability

The generations of agricultural and forestry wastes (AFWS) are increasing rapidly with developments of agriculture and forestry in China, and AFWS are commonly treated by composting. The objective of this work was to explore the effect of different microbial agents on biodegradation of AFWS. Three microbial agents in the research werePhanerochaete chrysosporium(PC) ,Coriolus versicolor(CV) and GP (agent developed from laboratory with high lignocellulose degradation ability). All the composts inoculated the different microbial agents matured in 58 days. Compared with CK(without exogenous micro agent), composts with micro agents inoculated increased the duration of high-temperature fermentation period, reduced the maturity time, and increased lignocellulose degradation rate. PC and GP inoculated to AFWS produced the higher quality compost with respect to C/N ratio, GI, pH, total organic carbon (TOC) content, and humic acid content.

scholarly journals Effect of Microbial Inoculation on Carbon Preservation during Goat Manure Aerobic Composting

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4441
Author(s):  
Jiawei Lu ◽  
Jingang Wang ◽  
Qin Gao ◽  
Dongxu Li ◽  
Zili Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Aerobic Composting ◽  
Microbial Inoculation ◽  
Goat Manure ◽  
Microbial Agents ◽  
Humic Acid Carbon

Carbon is the crucial source of energy during aerobic composting. There are few studies that explore carbon preservation by inoculation with microbial agents during goat manure composting. Hence, this study inoculated three proportions of microbial agents to investigate the preservation of carbon during goat manure composting. The microbial inoculums were composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus niger, and yeast, and the proportions were B1 treatment (1:1:1:1:2), B2 treatment (2:2:1:1:2), and B3 treatment (3:3:1:1:2). The results showed that the contents of total organic carbon were enriched by 12.21%, 4.87%, and 1.90% in B1 treatment, B2 treatment, and B3 treatment, respectively. The total organic carbon contents of B1 treatment, B2 treatment, and B3 treatment were 402.00 ± 2.65, 366.33 ± 1.53, and 378.33 ± 2.08 g/kg, respectively. B1 treatment significantly increased the content of total organic carbon compared with the other two treatments (p < 0.05). Moreover, the ratio of 1:1:1:1:2 significantly reduced the moisture content, pH value, EC value, hemicellulose, and lignin contents (p < 0.05), and significantly increased the GI value and the content of humic acid carbon (p < 0.05). Consequently, the preservation of carbon might be a result not only of the enrichment of the humic acid carbon and the decomposition of hemicellulose and lignin, but also the increased OTU amount and Lactobacillus abundance. This result provided a ratio of microbial agents to preserve the carbon during goat manure aerobic composting.

scholarly journals Measurement methods of total organic carbon in seawater

2021 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 01078
Author(s):  
Shuwei Zhang ◽  
Zhaoyu Wang ◽  
Xuejiao Yan ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Oxidation Method ◽  
Persulfate Oxidation ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
Oxidation Efficiency ◽  
High Temperature Combustion

Total organic carbon (TOC) can reflect the total amount of organic matter in water. This paper introduces the common methods of measuring organic carbon, including high temperature combustion method, potassium persulfate oxidation method, spectrometry, ozone oxidation chemiluminescence method, supercritical water oxidation method and so on. At present, high temperature combustion method is the most widely used method for TOC measurement in seawater, because of its high oxidation efficiency. TOC sensor needs to be developed to realize in-situ and long-term monitoring.

Effect of thermotolerant bacterial inoculation on the microbial community during sludge composting

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 750-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Fang ◽  
Xianbo Jia ◽  
Longjun Chen ◽  
Chenqiang Lin ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Thermophilic Bacterium ◽  
Geobacillus Stearothermophilus ◽  
Sludge Compost ◽  
Cooling Phase ◽  
Sludge Composting

A thermophilic bacterium (Geobacillus stearothermophilus CHB1) was inoculated in a sludge compost, and the effects of the inoculation on the abundance and structure of the bacterial community in the sludge compost were investigated using quantitative PCR and Illumina MiSeq sequencing. The results showed that the high-temperature stage (>50 °C) of the CHB1 and CK (control without inoculum) piles started on days 5 and 8, respectively, and lasted for 7 and 2 days, respectively, indicating the extension of the thermophilic phase by CHB1 inoculation in the sludge compost. At the end of composting, the CHB1 piles showed a higher loss of total organic carbon, lower C/N ratio, and lower moisture content. The abundance of bacteria in the CHB1 piles was significantly higher in the heating and thermophilic phase of composting but were lower than those of the CK in the cooling phase. The richness and diversity of the bacterial community in the thermophilic phase increased after inoculation with CHB1. After inoculation of CHB1, there were higher relative abundances of Firmicutes, Thermopolyspora, Thermobacillus, Thermomonas, Thermomonospora, and Thermovum, which can grow in a high-temperature environment. Furthermore, redundancy analysis indicated that total organic carbon, total nitrogen, C/N ratio, pH, temperature, and moisture were the significant parameters that affected the bacterial community structure during sludge composting. Our findings suggested that inoculation with CHB1 would enhance the quality and efficiency of composting.

Ozonation by-Products of Humic Acid in the Presence of Hydrogen Peroxide

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 134-137
Author(s):  
Hyun Sang Shin ◽  
Dong Seok Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Sample Solution ◽  
Injection Time ◽  
Total Organic Carbon Removal ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Decreasing Ph ◽  
By Products

Ozonation of humic acid has been conducted in the presence of hydrogen peroxide as catalyst. Besides the study of total organic carbon removal in the ozonation, ozonation by-products were investigated through the change of injected concentration of H2O2, initial pH of aqueous humic acid and injection time of H2O2. The variation of hydrogen peroxide and formaldehyde contents in the processes are mainly evaluated. The formaldehyde was formed less in ozonation with hydrogen peroxide system than without it. When initial pH in solution was changed from 3.5 to 10.5, the formaldehyde was formed with the highest concentration at pH 5. In addition, the concentration of H2O2 produced by ozonation was found to be increased with decreasing pH of the sample solution in this process.

scholarly journals Spatial Distributions of Humic Substances and Evaluation of Sediment Organic Index on Lake Dalinouer, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dekun Hou ◽  
Jiang He ◽  
Changwei Lü ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Fujin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Organic Sediment ◽  
High Degree

The aim of this study is to examine and interpret the spatial distribution of sedimentary humic substances in Lake Dalinouer. Humic substances in sediments were analyzed separately in different fractions: humins (HM), humic acid (HA), fulvic acid (FA), and different forms of organic carbon. The results showed that total organic carbon (TOC) contents varied from 7.25 to 65.54 g kg−1 with a mean of 36.37 ± 17.74 g kg−1. It was found that high TOC concentrations were at lake’s center and low TOC concentrations occurred at the estuary of inflows. Different redox conditions caused by water depth were of the most important factors which might influence TOC contents. Concentrations of HM, HA, and FA in sediments were detected in range of 6.40–58.16 g kg−1, 0.27–3.50 g kg−1, and 0.27–4.26 g kg−1, respectively. Of them, HM was the dominant form and accounted for 74–94% of TOC and 80–90% of humus. Organic Sediment Index (OSI) was used to assess the organics accumulation, and the value of OSI ranged from 0.001 to 0.30, which indicated that Lake Dalinouer was relatively clean. The relative high degree of humidification was found in the eastern of lake, where it should be taken into consideration seriously.

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