scholarly journals Effect of Microbial Inoculation on Carbon Preservation during Goat Manure Aerobic Composting

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4441
Author(s):  
Jiawei Lu ◽  
Jingang Wang ◽  
Qin Gao ◽  
Dongxu Li ◽  
Zili Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Aerobic Composting ◽  
Microbial Inoculation ◽  
Goat Manure ◽  
Microbial Agents ◽  
Humic Acid Carbon

Carbon is the crucial source of energy during aerobic composting. There are few studies that explore carbon preservation by inoculation with microbial agents during goat manure composting. Hence, this study inoculated three proportions of microbial agents to investigate the preservation of carbon during goat manure composting. The microbial inoculums were composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus niger, and yeast, and the proportions were B1 treatment (1:1:1:1:2), B2 treatment (2:2:1:1:2), and B3 treatment (3:3:1:1:2). The results showed that the contents of total organic carbon were enriched by 12.21%, 4.87%, and 1.90% in B1 treatment, B2 treatment, and B3 treatment, respectively. The total organic carbon contents of B1 treatment, B2 treatment, and B3 treatment were 402.00 ± 2.65, 366.33 ± 1.53, and 378.33 ± 2.08 g/kg, respectively. B1 treatment significantly increased the content of total organic carbon compared with the other two treatments (p < 0.05). Moreover, the ratio of 1:1:1:1:2 significantly reduced the moisture content, pH value, EC value, hemicellulose, and lignin contents (p < 0.05), and significantly increased the GI value and the content of humic acid carbon (p < 0.05). Consequently, the preservation of carbon might be a result not only of the enrichment of the humic acid carbon and the decomposition of hemicellulose and lignin, but also the increased OTU amount and Lactobacillus abundance. This result provided a ratio of microbial agents to preserve the carbon during goat manure aerobic composting.

Effects of Three Different Microbial Agents on Biodegradation of Agriculture and Forestry Wastes

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 2768-2773
Author(s):  
Shun Li Wang ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Yue Qiu Liu ◽  
Cheng Da Gao ◽  
Ke Feng Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Lignocellulose Degradation ◽  
Fermentation Period ◽  
Microbial Agents ◽  
Degradation Ability

The generations of agricultural and forestry wastes (AFWS) are increasing rapidly with developments of agriculture and forestry in China, and AFWS are commonly treated by composting. The objective of this work was to explore the effect of different microbial agents on biodegradation of AFWS. Three microbial agents in the research werePhanerochaete chrysosporium(PC) ,Coriolus versicolor(CV) and GP (agent developed from laboratory with high lignocellulose degradation ability). All the composts inoculated the different microbial agents matured in 58 days. Compared with CK(without exogenous micro agent), composts with micro agents inoculated increased the duration of high-temperature fermentation period, reduced the maturity time, and increased lignocellulose degradation rate. PC and GP inoculated to AFWS produced the higher quality compost with respect to C/N ratio, GI, pH, total organic carbon (TOC) content, and humic acid content.

Leaching behavior of total organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus from banana peel

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 1458-1462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruixue Jiang ◽  
Shujuan Sun ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
Xiudong Qiu ◽  
Jili Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Pollution Source ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Leaching Behavior ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Potential Pollution

The leaching behavior of organic carbon and nutrient compounds from banana peel (BP) was investigated in batch assays with respect to particle size, contact time, pH value, and temperature. The granularity, contact time, pH, and temperature caused no significant effects on the leaching of total phosphorus (TP) from the BP. The maximum leached total nitrogen (TN) content was found at pH 5.0 and 90 minutes, while no significant effects were caused by the granularity and temperature. The maximum leached total organic carbon (TOC) content was found by using a powder of 40 mesh, 150 minutes and at pH 6.0, while the temperature had no effect on the TOC leaching. The proportions of the TN, TP, and TOC contents leached from the dried BP ranged from 33.6% to 40.9%, 60.4% to 72.7%, and 8.2% to 9.9%, respectively, indicating that BP could be a potential pollution source for surface and ground water if discharged as domestic waste or reutilized without pretreatment.

Ozonation by-Products of Humic Acid in the Presence of Hydrogen Peroxide

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 134-137
Author(s):  
Hyun Sang Shin ◽  
Dong Seok Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Sample Solution ◽  
Injection Time ◽  
Total Organic Carbon Removal ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Decreasing Ph ◽  
By Products

Ozonation of humic acid has been conducted in the presence of hydrogen peroxide as catalyst. Besides the study of total organic carbon removal in the ozonation, ozonation by-products were investigated through the change of injected concentration of H2O2, initial pH of aqueous humic acid and injection time of H2O2. The variation of hydrogen peroxide and formaldehyde contents in the processes are mainly evaluated. The formaldehyde was formed less in ozonation with hydrogen peroxide system than without it. When initial pH in solution was changed from 3.5 to 10.5, the formaldehyde was formed with the highest concentration at pH 5. In addition, the concentration of H2O2 produced by ozonation was found to be increased with decreasing pH of the sample solution in this process.

scholarly journals Spatial Distributions of Humic Substances and Evaluation of Sediment Organic Index on Lake Dalinouer, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dekun Hou ◽  
Jiang He ◽  
Changwei Lü ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Fujin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Organic Sediment ◽  
High Degree

The aim of this study is to examine and interpret the spatial distribution of sedimentary humic substances in Lake Dalinouer. Humic substances in sediments were analyzed separately in different fractions: humins (HM), humic acid (HA), fulvic acid (FA), and different forms of organic carbon. The results showed that total organic carbon (TOC) contents varied from 7.25 to 65.54 g kg−1 with a mean of 36.37 ± 17.74 g kg−1. It was found that high TOC concentrations were at lake’s center and low TOC concentrations occurred at the estuary of inflows. Different redox conditions caused by water depth were of the most important factors which might influence TOC contents. Concentrations of HM, HA, and FA in sediments were detected in range of 6.40–58.16 g kg−1, 0.27–3.50 g kg−1, and 0.27–4.26 g kg−1, respectively. Of them, HM was the dominant form and accounted for 74–94% of TOC and 80–90% of humus. Organic Sediment Index (OSI) was used to assess the organics accumulation, and the value of OSI ranged from 0.001 to 0.30, which indicated that Lake Dalinouer was relatively clean. The relative high degree of humidification was found in the eastern of lake, where it should be taken into consideration seriously.

scholarly journals Soil Fauna Community Diversity and Response to Wetland Degradation in Nanniwan Wetland

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1511-1520
Author(s):  
Changhai Liu ◽  
Ying Shao ◽  
Siping Cao
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Fauna ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Wetland Soil ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

This study is to investigate the soil fauna community characteristics in the Nanniwan wetland, as well as their responses to changed environmental factors. Soil fauna from six representative habitats in the Nanniwan wetland were studied, in the spring, summer, autumn, and winter of 2016. Soil fauna community composition, density, and distribution were investigated. The relationships between soil fauna distribution and soil physicochemical properties were also analyzed. Overall, 3285 individuals were harvested, which belonged to 4 phyla, 10 classes, and 26 orders. The soil fauna density and group numbers differed among these habitats. The structure of the reclaimed wetland soil fauna community was the simplest among all these habitats. Wetland reclamation and degradation reduced the density and diversity of soil fauna, and changed the functional groups of soil fauna, resulting in decreased saprozoic soil fauna and increased predacity soil fauna. The total organic carbon content and the soil pH value represented the main influencing factors of soil fauna distribution. The soil fauna density was positively correlated with the soil total organic carbon and total nitrogen contents, while the soil fauna density was negatively correlated with the pH value. The soil fauna density is closely associated with the environmental factors in the Nanniwan wetland. These findings would help to quantitatively predict and evaluate the ecological function of soil fauna in the Nanniwan wetland.

Remediation of 153Gd-Contaminated Sand by Fulvic and Humic Materials Extracted From Fallen Cherry Leaves

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takumi Kubota
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Organic Substance ◽  
Carbon Concentration ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Complexation Constant ◽  
Humic Materials ◽  
Acidic Region ◽  
Natural Organic Substance

The remediation of sand contaminated with 153Gd has been investigated using natural organic substances extracted from fallen cherry leaves instead of artificial reagents. The initial fulvic and humic acid isolated from organic substances through acidic and basic treatments have a concentration of total organic carbon of 4500 mgC/L and 3340 mgC/L, and the capacities of their functional groups are 7.23 meq/gC and 2.76 meq/gC, respectively. The remediation capacity of both fulvic and humic acid is effective in the weakly acidic region. Remediation with a natural organic substance requires a much higher carbon concentration than EDTA owing to its weak complexation with metal ions. In comparison with the EDTA complexation constant, the experimental complexation constant (log β) of gadolinium with a natural organic substance at pH 5.5 was determined to be 10 at most.

scholarly journals Oxidation of salicylic acid in water by the O3 and UV/O3 processes: removal and reaction byproducts

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-762
Author(s):  
Chang Jing ◽  
Wang Shaopo ◽  
Zhang Yaxue ◽  
Wang Yibo ◽  
Zhang Wenjuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Glyoxylic Acid ◽  
Carbon Reduction ◽  
Optimum Ph

Abstract In this study, the removal of salicylic acid (SA) in water by ozone (O3) and ultraviolet/ozone (UV/O3) processes was investigated. Results showed that more than 50% of SA (10 mg/L) could be effectively removed after 1 min during these two processes. However, the UV/O3 process was much more effective than the O3 process for SA mineralization, and the total organic carbon reduction after 30 min was 69.5% and 28.1%, respectively. In the two processes, the optimum pH value for SA removal was 4.3, while that for SA mineralization was 10.0. Both bicarbonate and dissolved organic carbon significantly inhibited SA removal during the two processes. Eleven oxidation byproducts were detected in O3 process, but only four byproducts were observed in UV/O3 process. Three hydroxylation aromatic products were identified as the initial byproducts during SA degradation. Glyoxylic acid monohydrate, glycolic acid, and oxalic acid were accumulated in O3 process but not observed in UV/O3 process. Oxalic acid was the only detected small molecular byproduct in UV/O3 process, and it could be further mineralized, thereby indicating that UV/O3 had a greater potential for degrading both SA and its reaction byproducts.

CHARACTERISATION OF DISSOLVED ORGANIC CARBON (DOC) LEACHED FROM LEAVES IN WATER

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Heryanto Langsa
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas ◽  
Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Pinus Radiate

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan senyawa organik khususnya organic karbon terlarut (DOC) dari dua spesies daun tumbuhan (<em>wandoo eucalyptus </em>and <em>pinus radiate, conifer</em>) yang larut dalam air selama periode 5 bulan leaching eksperimen. Kecepatan melarutnya senyawa organic ditentukan secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif menggunakan kombinasi dari beberapa teknik diantaranya Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analyser, Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-VIS) spektrokopi dan pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS).</p><p>Hasil analisis DOC dan UV menunjukkan peningkatan yang tajam dari kelarutan senyawa organic di awal periode pengamatan yang selanjutnya berkurang seiring dengan waktu secara eksponensial. Jumlah relatif senyawa organic yang terlarut tergantung pada luas permukaan, aktifitas mikrobiologi dan jenis sampel tumbuhan (segar atau kering) yang digunakan. Fluktuasi profil DOC dan UV<sub>254</sub> disebabkan oleh aktifitas mikrobiologi. Diperoleh bahwa daun kering lebih mudah terdegradasi menghasilkan senyawa organic dalam air dibandingkan dengan daun segar. Hasil pyrolysis secara umum menunjukkan bahwa senyawa hidrokarbon aromatic dan fenol (dan turunannya) lebih banyak ditemukan pada residue sampel setelah proses leaching kemungkinan karena adanya senyawa lignin atau aktifitas humifikasi mikrobiologi membuktikan bahwa senyawa-senyawa tersebut merupakan komponen penting dalam proses karakterisasi DOC.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document