Potential of Clay Deposits in Kelantan for Ceramic Production: A Literature Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 980 ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
Olalere Folasayo Enoch ◽  
Ab. Aziz Shuaib ◽  
Khairul Azhar bin Mat Daud
Keyword(s):  
International Market ◽  
Shrinkage Porosity ◽  
Ceramic Production ◽  
Literature Analysis ◽  
Tile Production ◽  
Green Strength ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
Ball Clay ◽  
Clay Pipe ◽  
Potential Use

Kelantan state, regarded as the cradle of Malay culture is not only known for her unique cultural heritage, but also a land blessed with both metallic and non-metallic minerals. These include enormous clay deposits discovered in six (6) districts with estimated total reserve of 29.4 million tonnes of ball clay and 51.5 million tonnes of mottled clay. Hence, this paper investigates the physiochemical and mineralogical properties of the clay deposits. This was achieved by reviewing existing literatures and reports at the Mineral and Geoscience Department, Malaysia. The properties investigated were green and fired clay colour, plasticity, green strength, dry and fired shrinkage, porosity, chemical and mineral composition. The properties of the clay revealed that they have geographical IP potential; particularly, the predominantly off-white fired colour of the ball clay at temperature range of 900-11000C can secure an identity for Kelantan ceramics in the local, national or international market. Based on these properties, the ball clay is applicable for table ware, earthenware and local tile production while the mottled clay has a potential use for vitrified clay pipe, local tile and brick production.

Clay Sources, Pottery Production, and Regional Economy in Chalchihuites, Mexico, A. D. 200-900

1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola M. Strazicich
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Activation ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Compositional Data ◽  
Ceramic Production ◽  
Petrographic Analysis ◽  
Pottery Production ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Local Clay ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
Main Center

AbstractPottery and clays from the Chalchihuites region of northwestern Zacatecas are characterized to examine ceramic production and exchange among settlements between A. D. 400 and 900. Instrumental neutron activation and petrographic analysis of 134 pottery and 26 clay samples from three Chalchihuites ceremonial centers identify pottery made from local clays and distinguish pottery found at each center that was not made from local clay deposits. Residents of Alta Vista, the region’s main center, acquired an elaborate painted ware from a second center located 30 km away after A. D. 650. The ceramic compositional data provide a basis for understanding the distance and direction that pottery was exchanged in Chalchihuites as economic activities increased in the region.

Study of Carboxymethyl Cellulose from Papaya Peels as Binder in Ceramics

2010 ◽  
Vol 93-94 ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pornchai Rachtanapun ◽  
Sukum Eitssayeam ◽  
Kamonpan Pengpat
Keyword(s):  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shrinkage Porosity ◽  
Casting Rate ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Green Strength ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ceramic Density ◽  
Green Ware

Effects of carboxymethyl cellulose from papaya peel (CMCp) on the properties of ceramics were investigated. Cellulose was extracted from papaya peels by NaOH and then it was modified by chloro acetic acid to obtain carboxymethyl cellulose. The prepared CMCp was applied as a binder in ceramic slip in order to increase its viscosity. Sodium silicate was also added into the slip for providing a dispersion of slip and protecting the sedimentation of clay particles. Various concentrations of CMCp and commercial CMC (CMCc) (0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 and 0.25% w/w of dry weight of clays) were added into the slip. Effect of CMC on viscosity of the slip and the ceramic density were studied. The relationship between the ceramic properties such as, shrinkage, porosity, casting rate and bending strength (both green strength and fired strength), and CMC concentration was also observed. As increasing both CMCp and CMCc, viscosity increased while density decreased. The prepared ceramics (green ware and fired ware) added with CMCp were found to have higher strength and lower in %shrinkage than that of adding with CMCc. The thickness of the ceramic wall adding CMCc increased with increasing CMCc concentration, and time in contrast to that of CMCp as the thickness decreased with increasing CMCp concentration. However, the ceramics with addition of CMCp possessed higher strength than that of the commercial one.

The Şahin village (Kütahya, Turkey) clay deposit and its possible utilization

Clay Minerals ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Yanik ◽  
R. Ceylantekin ◽  
E. Taşçi ◽  
Ü. Özçay
Keyword(s):  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Tile Production ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
Western Turkey ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Clay Deposit ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Mineral Identification

AbstractThe Şahin-village clay deposit, situated in the vicinity of Kütahya, western Turkey, has a promising reserve suitable for tile production. In order to evaluate its potential use, 27 clay samples were collected and their mineralogical, chemical, firing and technological properties were evaluated. The reaction of samples with dilute HCl, dispersion in water and their swelling properties were determined. Mineral identification studies were conducted using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analyses (DTA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Analysis showed that clay minerals are illite, kaolinite and montmorillonite. Non-clay minerals are quartz, muscovite, microcline and goethite. The clay samples consisted mainly of SiO2 and Al2O3 corresponding to about 81–83% (average) because of the presence of clay minerals and quartz, accompanied by a significant amount of iron oxide. Mineralogical, chemical, thermal analysis and technological tests showed that the clays from Şahin village could be used for stoneware tiles, tile and brick-making.

Examination of Tile Industrial Usability of High-Quartz Content Clay

2010 ◽  
Vol 659 ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Viktor Orosz ◽  
István Kocserha ◽  
Róbert Géber ◽  
Csilla Paróczai
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Shrinkage Porosity ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Tile Production ◽  
Quartz Content ◽  
Roof Tile ◽  
Stable Product ◽  
Clay Layers ◽  
Different Content ◽  
High Quartz

The Hungarian roof tile plants settle near a discovered clay mine in every case thus they work with different content clays. Examining characteristics of certain clay layers is needed to ensure stable product quality. Some clay layers with significantly different content occur among the presently used ones, which need an extensive examination for the production of good quality items. Results of high quartz content clay usability examinations are shown in this paper. The aim of examinations is to determine the usability of frequently occurring high quartz content clays. In the course of tests high quartz content clay mineral was mixed in increased amounts to clay mineral for roof-tile production provided by the industrial partner. Shrinkage, porosity and mechanical properties were examined as a function of mixing ratio.

scholarly journals Technological properties of clay raw materials

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
O.M. Nedbailo ◽  
O.G. Chernyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ceramic Production ◽  
Technological Properties ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Technological Characteristics ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
Composition Properties ◽  
Geological Formations

The article summarizes and analyzes the technological characteristics of various clay raw materials. Recommendations on the feasibility of their use in various types of ceramic production are given. Their main characteristics are given, such as chemical composition, mineralogical and physical properties, which vary within extremely wide limits. They are most characterized by a layered structure. All clay minerals are considered as secondary geological formations that arose in deposits in which water was present as a product of changes in aluminosilicate rocks. Most clay minerals are the product of weathering and deposition, but they can also be formed in hydrothermal conditions. In addition to basic clay minerals, clays also contain various amounts of other minerals that often affect their behavior when used. The most common such minerals are quartz, feldspar and minerals containing iron, lime, alkalis and soluble salts. The organic component is also found in many clay deposits. Different classifications of clays are based on their geology, mineralogy, composition, properties and uses, but none of them covers all possible diversity.

scholarly journals Micro- and Nanotexture and Genesis of Ball Clays in the Lower Cretaceous (SE Iberian Range, NE Spain)

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1339
Author(s):  
Blanca Bauluz ◽  
María José Mayayo ◽  
Elisa Laita ◽  
Alfonso Yuste
Keyword(s):  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
Iberian Range ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Ball Clay ◽  
Ball Clays ◽  
Mixed Layers ◽  
Ne Iberian Peninsula

Ball clay deposits in the SE of the Iberian Range (NE Iberian Peninsula) consist of Albian clays and siltstones with greyish and blackish colors, interbedded with subbituminous coals. The ball clays are nowadays mined for the manufacture of white color ceramics. The mineralogy of these deposits consists mainly of kaolinite, illitic phases, and quartz. The euhedral to sub-euhedral morphology of the kaolinites suggests their in-situ origin. The anhedral morphology of the illites and the presence of frayed illites suggest a detrital origin. At the micro-scale, authigenic kaolinite booklets are observed filling pores and forming mica/kaolinite intergrowths, in which the kaolinite grows between the cleavage sheets of pre-existing detrital mica. At nanometer scale, illite/smectite (IS) phases are detected forming interlayers with mica and kaolinite, and evidence of the replacement of mica by kaolinite is observed. The matrix consists of defective illite and kaolinite, and random mixed layers of kaolinite-I/S (Kln-IS), illite-I/S (Ilt-IS), and I/S-smectite (IS-S). The textures of illite and the presence of different types of mixed layers suggest that the expandable phases and kaolinite are products of mica alteration. The effectivity of the alteration was probably a consequence of the low pH that occurred in the environment due to the presence of abundant organic- and acidic- rich fluids.

scholarly journals PERAN STRUKTUR PASAR DAN DAYA SAING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA UMKM KERAJINAN KERAMIK

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 367
Author(s):  
Sri Hadiati
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
International Market ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Ceramic Production ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Intervening Variables

Ceramics of Malang are expected to have competitive advantage in both domestic and international market since its has uniqueness, however free trade through ASEAN-China Free Trade Agreement (ACFTA) can change market structure that affect competitiveness and performance of micro, small, and medium-sized enteprises (MSMEs) of ceramics. The purpose of this research was to analyze the role of market structure and competitive- ness in increasing performance of MSMEs of ceramics in Malang. Data were collected from 30 artisans at Dinoyo as the ceramic production center in Malang then analyzed using Generalized Structured Component Analysis (GSCA) software with market structure as the exogenuos variable, competitiveness as the intervening variables, and performance of MSMEs of ceramic as the endogenuos variable. The result of the study showed that market structure has insignificant impact on competitiveness and performance of MSMEs of ceramic in Malang. Competitiveness have not enough evidence as intervening variables between market structure and performance of ceramic enteprises, meanwhile it has significant direct effet on performance of MSMEs ceramic in Malang. This finding indicate that costs of production, quality products, and production technology are the competitive- ness variables that play important role in increasing performance of MSMEs ceramic in Malang.

scholarly journals The constitution, evaluation and ceramic properties of ball clays

Cerâmica ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (287-288) ◽  
pp. 88-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Richard Wilson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
The World ◽  
Ball Clay ◽  
Ball Clays ◽  
White Colour

Ball clay is a fine-grained highly plastic, mainly kaolinitic, sedimentary clay, the higher grades of which fire to a white or near white colour. The paper will review the origin of the term "Ball Clay" and the location and origins of several deposits with particular emphasis on the mineralogical, physical and rheological properties which make the clays so important in ceramics bodies. Particular attention will be paid to the well known bay clay deposits of Devon and Dorset in southwest England, which are mined by ECC International Europe and Watts Blake Bearne & Company PLC, and brief descriptions from elsewhere in the world of ball clays from the United States, Germany, Czech Republic, Thailand, Indonesia, Argentina and China. The evaluation of deposits will be covered along with a description of the main types of ball clay for ceramics with details of the mining, processing and blending techniques which are necessary to ensure long term consistency of products. A brief description in given of the ceramic properties of some Brazilian ball clays. The location of some ball clay deposits is shown in Fig. 1.

scholarly journals Characterization of Brazilian Northeastern plastic clays

Cerâmica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (376) ◽  
pp. 578-584
Author(s):  
A. Laursen ◽  
L. N. L. Santana ◽  
R. R. Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Ceramic Technology ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Green Strength ◽  
Mineralogical Characteristics ◽  
Ball Clay ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Plastic Clays

Abstract Plastic clays are one of the main raw materials used in ceramic technology. However, there is a shortage of good quality plastic clays in the world for use in porcelain technology. The aim of this study was to characterize plastic clays from Northeastern Brazil. Chemical and mineralogical composition, particle size distribution, plasticity and green strength of the clays were determined. The analyzed clays were predominantly composed of kaolinite and quartz, and some contained smectite. The amount of iron oxide in the clays was higher than 1.0% and for some of them the values were higher than 3%; the liquid and plastic limits ranged from 22% to 48% and 10% to 32%, respectively. According to characterization data, three plastic clays had potential to be used as alternative ball clay, due to their plasticity and mineralogical characteristics.

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