Synthesis of Metallic Zinc Nanoparticles by Reduction of Zinc Ions in Protonic Solvent

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Shota Noda ◽  
Noriko Yamauchi ◽  
Kouichi Nakashima ◽  
Ken-ichi Watanabe ◽  
Hidekazu Koda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Aluminum Salt ◽  
Environmental Load ◽  
Zinc Ions ◽  
Metallic Zinc ◽  
Zinc Nanoparticles ◽  
Salt Addition ◽  
Zn Ions ◽  
Zn Nanoparticles

Simple and low environmental impact methods for producing chemically-stable nanoparticles of metallic zinc (Zn) are asked to be developed, because metallic Zn nanoparticles are easily oxidized in air, and organic solvents, which can be used for the fabrication of metallic Zn particles, give a great environmental impact. The present work focuses on the chemical reaction in protonic solvents containing aqueous solvents, of which the use will give a smaller environmental load, and proposes a method for producing metallic Zn nanoparticles by reduction of Zn ions in the protonic solvent. Two kinds of hydrophilic solvents were examined: water and ethylene glycol (EG). The use of water and EG as the solvents produced Zn oxide. Though the addition of aluminum salt to EG also produced Zn oxide, the crystallinity of Zn oxide was lower than that for with no addition of aluminum salt. In the case of the aluminum salt addition, nanoparticles with a size of 27. 5±13.3 nm were fabricated, and not only bonds of Zn-O-Zn and Zn-OH but also a bond of Zn-Zn were confirmed to be formed, which indicated the production of low crystallinity metallic Zn nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Fast electrodeposition of zinc onto single zinc nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 2695-2702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgia Zampardi ◽  
Richard G. Compton
Keyword(s):  
Particle Collision ◽  
Metallic Zinc ◽  
Applied Potential ◽  
Single Particles ◽  
Zinc Deposition ◽  
Zinc Nanoparticles ◽  
Negative Electrodes ◽  
Particle Level ◽  
Complexation Process ◽  
Zn Nanoparticles

Abstract The zinc deposition reaction onto metallic zinc has been investigated at the single particle level through the electrode-particle collision method in neutral solutions, and in respect of its dependence on the applied potential and the ionic strength of a sulphate-containing solution. Depending on the concentration of sulphate ions in solution, different amounts of metallic zinc were deposited on the single Zn nanoparticles. Specifically, insights into the electron transfer kinetics at the single particles were obtained, indicating an electrically early reactant-like transition state, which is consistent with the rate-determining partial de-hydration/de-complexation process. Such information on the reaction kinetics at the nanoscale is of vital importance for the development of more efficient and long-lasting nanostructured Zn-based negative electrodes for Zn-ion battery applications.

scholarly journals Chicken Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase

1960 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1149-1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kunitz
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Zinc Ions ◽  
Magnesium Ions ◽  
Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Reversible Inactivation ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Zn Ions ◽  
Denaturation Of Proteins

Purified chicken intestinal alkaline phosphatase is active at pH 8 to 9, but becomes rapidly inactivated with change of pH to 6 or less. Also, a solution of the inactivated enzyme at pH 4.5 rapidly regains its activity at pH 8. In the range of pH 6 to 8 a solution of purified alkaline phosphatase consists of a mixture of active and inactive enzyme in equilibrium with each other. The rate of inactivation at lower pH and of reactivation at higher pH increases with increase in temperature. Also, the activity at equilibrium in the range of pH 6 to 8 increases with temperature so that a solution equilibrated at higher temperature loses part of its activity on cooling, and vice versa, a rise in temperature shifts the equilibrium toward higher activity. The kinetics of inactivation of the enzyme at lower pH and the reactivation at higher pH is that of a unimolecular reaction. The thermodynamic values for the heat and entropy of the reversible inactivation and reactivation of the enzyme are considerably lower than those observed for the reversible denaturation of proteins. The inactivated enzyme at pH 4 to 6 is rapidly reactivated on addition of Zn ions even at pH 4 to 6. However, zinc ions are unable to replace magnesium ions as cocatalysts for the enzymatic hydrolysis of organic phosphates by alkaline phosphatase.

Elimination of Heavy Metals from the Material of Sludge Bed Slovinky

2015 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 228-233
Author(s):  
Ľubica Kozáková ◽  
Miroslav Zeleňák ◽  
Tomáš Bakalár ◽  
Fridrich Zeleňák
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Mineral Processing ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Environmental Load ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Environmental Loads ◽  
Metallurgical Factory ◽  
Ore Treatment

Old environmental loads are priority environmental problems in Slovakia. An old environmental load is an anthropogenic constituent in landscape which has its origin in past works (for example mining and mineral processing) but in present time it can also pose risk for the environment. One of environmental loads in Slovakia is sludge bed in Slovinky. Village Slovinky is well-known for mining activities during several centuries. From the beginning copper ore was mined there, later on iron ore which was processed in the metallurgical factory in Krompachy. The mining activity in Slovinky was stopped in 1993. Flotation slurry from ore treatment plant was deposited on the sludge bed which was operated from 1968 to 1999. More than 4.8 million cubic meters of slurry is deposited there. Locality of Slovinky is included in State Remediation Program of Environmental Loads (2010-2015). The paper summarizes the actual state of knowledge about environmental impact of mineral processing and theoretical analysis of problem of environmental impact of environmental load – sludge bed in Slovinky. Experimental part of the paper is focused on study of possibilities of elimination of heavy metals in sludge bed material with the aim of improvement of the environmental quality of surveyed locality.

Synthesis of metallic zinc nanoparticles by electrolysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3457-3464
Author(s):  
Ayumi Yoshida ◽  
Noriko Yamauchi ◽  
Kouichi Nakashima ◽  
Ken-ichi Watanabe ◽  
Hidekazu Koda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Zinc ◽  
Zinc Nanoparticles

Influence of aluminum salt addition on in situ sintering of electrolyte matrices for molten carbonate fuel cells

2001 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Insung Lee ◽  
Wonsun Kim ◽  
Youngjoon Moon ◽  
Heechun Lim ◽  
Dokyol Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Aluminum Salt ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Salt Addition ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells

Application of lifecycle assessment to Shinkansen vehicles and cross ties in Japan

2003 ◽  
Vol 217 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Ueda ◽  
T Miyauchi ◽  
T Tsujimura
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Environmental Load ◽  
Lifecycle Assessment ◽  
Useful Knowledge ◽  
Railway System ◽  
Effective Instrument

Recently, environmental protection has become one of the most critical concerns on a global scale. Currently, it is widely recognized that lifecycle assessment (LCA) is a very effective instrument used to evaluate the environmental impact of various products quantitatively across their whole lifecycle. A basic LCA survey of Shinkansen vehicles and cross ties was conducted as a case study for the railway system. Through this study, the following results were confirmed. For any type of vehicle, more than 95 per cent of lifecycle energy consumption (LCE) and lifecycle CO2 emission LCCO2 is attributable to vehicle running. Lightweight vehicles, reduction of running resistance and the use of regenerative brakes contribute to energy saving in vehicle running. Regarding the CO2 emission from four types of ties (wood, concrete, synthetic and steel), wood ties emit the least amount of CO2 and synthetic ties the most. When the effect throughout the lifetime is considered, however, wood ties are by no means insignificant in terms of the environmental load. As a result of this survey, useful knowledge for applying LCA to railways was obtained.

Preparation of Triethylenetetramine-Functionalized Adsorbents for Selective Adsorption of Copper and Zinc Ions

2012 ◽  
Vol 557-559 ◽  
pp. 1078-1084
Author(s):  
Chang Kun Liu ◽  
Xu Xin Zhao ◽  
Lin Fang ◽  
Xiao Fang Yue
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Selective Adsorption ◽  
Ph Effect ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Zinc Ions ◽  
Adsorption Selectivity ◽  
Copper And Zinc ◽  
Zn Ions ◽  
Cu And Zn

Selective adsorption of a target adsorbate is critical in adsorbent performance evaluation, and is of great importance in industrial applications. In this study, the selective adsorption of copper and zinc ions was investigated with the polyamine-functionalized polymeric adsorbents. The adsorbent was prepared by amination of crosslinked poly (glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) with triethylenetetramine (TETA). The influencing factors including reaction time and TETA content during adsorbent synthesis were investigated. The prepared adsorbents (P-TETA) was used to study the adsorption selectivity toward copper and zinc ions in single species system (when only one metal ion is present) and binary species system (when both metal ions are present). Both the pH effect and the adsorption isotherm were examined in single and binary species system. It was found that both Cu and Zn ions would be adsorbed onto P-TETA in significant amount in single species system at higher pH values. However, in binary species system with high initial concentrations for both Cu and Zn ions, Cu ions would be selectively adsorbed onto P-TETA, with insignificant amount of Zn ion adsorbed. The higher coordination constant (in Log K form) of Cu-TETA coordination than Zn-TETA coordination was identified as the major mechanism for the selective adsorption of Cu over Zn ions with P-TETA adsorbents.

scholarly journals X-Ray Fluorescence of Copper, Nickle and Zinc Nanoparticles in Motor Oil Prepared by Laser Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-185
Author(s):  
Abdulhadi Kadhim ◽  
Ahmed Al-Amiery
Keyword(s):  
Weight Percent ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Maximum Relative Error ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Motor Oil ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Zinc Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Zn Nanoparticles

This paper represents an attempt to link different techniques such as laser and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Where we used the laser in preparation and used X-rays to diagnose and analyze for non-traditional samples. The experimental procedure of the LSP is done by using a convergent lens to deliver 600 mJ (1064 nm) of energy and 10 ns laser pulse produced by Q-switched Nd:YAG laser of 1.5 mm spot size in diameter. Doubled distilled deionized water (DDDW) of 3 mm depth is used as transparent confining layer. X-Ray fluorescence technique used to analyze and determine the concentration of different nanoparticles suspended in motor oil. The results showed the accuracy in XRF measurements. the results of the motor oil analysis for Cu, Ni and Zn were 0.1225, 0.0480 and 0.000 weight percent respectively. Maximum relative error between actual measurements and XRF measurements were 6.5%, 10% and 12.5 for Cu, Ni and Zn nanoparticles respectively. The best percentage of suspension is 0.01 wt.%.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document