The Effect of Curcumin against In Vitro Adhesion of Implant Device-Associated Bacteria on Nanosized Titanium Dioxide

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Seung Han Oh ◽  
In Young Na ◽  
Kyoung Hee Choi
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Human Tooth ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Tooth Surfaces ◽  
Titanium Surfaces ◽  
Main Component

Although titanium dioxide (TiO2) is an implantable biomaterial with its antibacterial activity, infection on TiO2 surfaces remains a problem for medical settings. According to our previous studies, curcumin, the main component of turmeric (Curcuma longa), partially hindered the attachment of Streptococcus mutans to human tooth surfaces. Therefore, it was examined whether several implant device-associated bacteria were able to adhere to nanosized TiO2 surfaces. In addition, the effect of curcumin on the bacterial adhesion was investigated. Bacterial strains were cultured on pure Ti and TiO2 surfaces with various nanotube sizes in the absence or presence of curcumin and observed by scanning electron microscopy. Consequently, most bacteria adhered to Ti and TiO2 surfaces. However, curcumin increased the adhesion of bacteria including S. mutans. The results suggest that bacterial adhesion to implant titanium surfaces can be augmented via curcumin ingestion.

scholarly journals Permeability of Human Tooth Surfaces Studied In Vitro by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1033-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Pita ◽  
Jan Halámek ◽  
Soujanya Chinnapareddy ◽  
Donald J. White ◽  
Vladimir Gartstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Human Tooth ◽  
Tooth Surfaces

scholarly journals In Vitro Evaluation of Common Antimicrobial Solutions Used for Breast Pocket Irrigation—Part 2: Efficacy Against Biofilm-Associated Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark L Jewell ◽  
Nina Bionda ◽  
Alison V Moran ◽  
Elizabeth J Bevels ◽  
Hillary L Jewell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Protein ◽  
Breast Implant ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Tissue Expander ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Log Reduction ◽  
Time Kill

Abstract Background Biofilm-associated bacteria have been observed in both breast implant revision and tissue expander-implant exchange surgeries. The utilization of antimicrobial solutions in breast surgery, especially those containing triple antibiotics (TAB) and/or 10% povidone-iodine (PI), may help reduce existing biofilm-associated bacteria, which is particularly important in a mature breast pocket that may contain residual bacteria from a previously colonized implant surface or, theoretically, bacteria that may arrive postoperatively through hematogenous spread. Objectives A series of in vitro assessments was performed to evaluate the antimicrobial utility of TAB and PI, either alone or in combination, against preformed biofilm-associated bacteria. Methods Preformed biofilm-associated gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains were exposed to TAB and PI ± TAB for up to 30 minutes in a bacterial time-kill assay. Efficacy of various dilutions of PI and the effects of serum protein on PI efficacy were also investigated. Results TAB was ineffective at the timeframes tested when utilized alone; when utilized in conjunction with PI, significant log reduction of all biofilm-associated bacterial species tested was achieved when treated for at least 5 minutes. PI alone at a concentration of 25% or higher was also effective, although its efficacy was negatively affected by increasing serum protein concentration only for Staphylococcus epidermidis. Conclusions Our data indicate that PI-containing solutions significantly reduce biofilm-associated bacteria, suggesting potential utility for breast pocket irrigation during revision or exchange surgeries. Care should be taken to minimize excessive dilution of PI to maintain efficacy.

Instrumentation With Ultrasonic Scalers Facilitates Cleaning of the Sandblasted and Acid-Etched Titanium Implants

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Beom Park ◽  
Sung-Hoon Lee ◽  
NamRyang Kim ◽  
Seojin Park ◽  
Seong-Ho Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Bacterial Removal ◽  
Titanium Surfaces ◽  
Metal Tip ◽  
Surface Changes

Mechanical instrumentation is widely used to debride dental implants, but this may alter the surface properties of titanium, which in turn may influence bacterial adhesion and make it more difficult to remove the biofilm. This in vitro study was performed (1) to assess the amount of biofilm formation on a sand-blasted and acid-etched titanium fixture treated with ultrasonic scalers with metal, plastic, and carbon tips and (2) to evaluate how this treatment of titanium surfaces affects implant cleaning by brushing with dentifrice. The titanium fixtures were treated with various ultrasonic scaler tips, and surface roughness parameters were measured by confocal microscopy. Biofilm was formed on the treated fixtures by using pooled saliva from 10 subjects, and the quantity of the adherent bacteria was compared with crystal violet assay. The fixture surfaces with biofilm were brushed for total of 30 seconds with a toothbrush with dentifrice. The bacteria remaining on the brushed fixture surfaces were quantified by scanning electron microscopy. Surface changes were evident, and the changes of the surfaces were more discernible when metal tips were used. A statistically significant decrease in roughness value (arithmetic mean height of the surface) was seen in the 2 metal-tip groups and the single plastic-tip group. After brushing with dentifrice, the treated surfaces in all the treatment groups showed significantly fewer bacteria compared with the untreated surfaces in the control group, and the parts of the surfaces left untreated in the test groups. Within the limits of this study, treatment of titanium fixture surfaces with ultrasonic metal, plastic, or carbon tips significantly enhanced the bacterial removal efficacy of brushing. Thorough instrumentation that smooths the whole exposed surface may facilitate maintenance of the implants.

scholarly journals Phytochemical profile, in vitro antioxidant, and anti-protein denaturation activities of Curcuma longa L. rhizome and leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 945-952
Author(s):  
Najah Khalifah Mansour Altir ◽  
Ammar Mohammed Ahmed Ali ◽  
Abdel-Rhman Z. Gaafar ◽  
Ahmed A. Qahtan ◽  
Eslam M. Abdel-Salam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Polyphenolic Content ◽  
Potent Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Main Component

Abstract Curcuma longa L. is a famous spice cultivated in many countries with significant variations reported in its phytochemical contents and biological potential. For the first time, the present work is aimed to identify the major phytochemicals present in methanol:chloroform (MC) and petroleum ether (PE) extracts of Curcuma longa rhizome and leaves (by determining polyphenols and GC/MS analysis), and their in-vitro antioxidant and anti-protein denaturation potential. Results showed that the highest value (P < 0.05) of polyphenolic content was in MC extract of rhizome (51.46 ± 0.46 mg GAE/g) followed by 31.20 ± 0.53 mg GAE/g in MC leaves extract. The strong antiradical activity was evaluated in MC extract of rhizome with IC50 value of 92 ± 0.02 µg/mL. MC extracts of both the rhizome and leaves exerted a potent inhibitory effect against protein denaturation with IC50 values of 106.21 ± 0.53 and 108.06 ± 4.67 μg/mL (P > 0.5), respectively. GC/MS analysis showed that α-tumerone was the main component in the rhizome oil (32.44%), whereas in the leaf oil, palmitic acid was the prominent constituent (28.33%) and α-phellandrene recorded a comparable percentage (7.29). In conclusion, C. longa is a valuable source of natural antioxidants and anti-inflammatory constituents, as indicated by its high polyphenolic content and by its considerable in vitro antiradical and anti-protein denaturation potential.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activation of Seed-Transmitted Cultivation-Recalcitrant Endophytic Bacteria in Tomato and Host–Endophyte Mutualism

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadiq Pasha Shaik ◽  
Pious Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Tissue Homogenate ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Cultivable Bacteria ◽  
Germinating Seeds

This study was aimed at exploring seed transmission of endophytic bacteria in tomato utilizing aseptic in vitro conditions. Cultivation-based studies were undertaken on two tomato cultivars “Arka Vikas” and “Arka Abha” employing surface sterilized seeds, aseptically germinated seeds and in vitro grown seedlings at different stages. Bacillus sp. appeared primarily as seed externally-associated bacteria. Tissue homogenate from extensively surface-sterilized seeds, day-3 germinating seeds, or 10-day in vitro seedlings did not show any cultivable bacteria on two bacteriological media. Indexing of 4-week old healthy seedlings with seed-coat removal following seed germination showed bacterial association in 50–75% seedlings yielding 106–107 cfu g−1 tissues. Four endophytic bacteria appeared common to both cultivars (Kosakonia, Ralstonia, Sphingomonas, Sphingobium spp.) with three additional species in “Arka Abha”. The bacterial strains showed a manifold increase in growth with host-tissue-extract supplementation. Seed inoculations with single-isolates stimulated germination or enhanced the seedling growth coupled with the activation of additional endophytic bacteria. In vitro seedlings upon recurrent medium-indexing over eight weeks showed gradual emergence of endophytic bacteria. The study reveals the seed internal colonization by different bacterial endophytes in a cultivation-recalcitrant form, their activation to cultivable state during seedling growth and transmission to seedlings with mutualistic effects.

Glucosamine Coating for Inhibiting Bacterial Adhesion to Titanium Surfaces

2005 ◽  
Vol 288-289 ◽  
pp. 343-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuehuei H. An ◽  
Melissa Farino ◽  
Qian K. Kang ◽  
Marina V. Demcheva ◽  
John Vournakis
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Biomaterial Surfaces ◽  
Titanium Surfaces ◽  
Cp Ti

It is known that glucosamine/chitosan derivatives have the ability of inhibiting bacterial adhesion to tooth and biomaterial surfaces. The hypotheses of this article included 1) the inhibition effects of different (chemically) glucosamine products are different and 2) more water-soluble glucosamine preparation(s) may have a superior inhibition effect. The basic testing systems are in vitro static adhesion models and the amount of the adhesion is evaluated by direct counting using epifluorecense microscopy. The test material is a smooth surfaced commercially pure titanium (cp-Ti). The bacterium tested is Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that compared to the control samples (without glucosamine or chitosan coating) the sulfated p-GlcNAc and Sigma glucosamine HCl significantly inhibited S. aureus adhesion to titanium surfaces (94% and 78% respectively)

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