Cellular Response Assessment to Zirconia-Alumina Composite: An In Vitro Experimental Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 433-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dae Joon Kim ◽  
Jung Suk Han ◽  
Young Jun Lim ◽  
Kyung Soo Jang ◽  
Chang-Young Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Response ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Term Evaluation ◽  
Alumina Composite

The biocompatibility of zirconia-alumina composite was evaluated with HOS osteoblast like cell models. A total of 18 zirconia-alumina composite disc (diameter: 19mm and thickness: 1.5mm) were prepared and divided into two groups. Half of the discs were sandblasted with 50µm alumina particles. Mean values of surface roughness (Ra) were 0.1 µm and 0.9-1.48 µm for smooth and sandblasted sample respectively. The cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation on the specimen were evaluated by the Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), Methylthiazole Sulfate (MTS) analysis, Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activity, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). There was no significant difference in cellular response between two groups. The analysis of the RT-PCR showed that the amount of Cyclin D1(mRNA expression) was not statistically significant different between two groups after 24 hours as well, however markedly decreased in the smooth surface after 72 hours. This indicated that the rough one might have a more favorable cellular proliferation compared to smooth one in long term evaluation. Further study will be necessary.

Cellular Response Assessment to Zirconia-Alumina Composite: An In Vitro Experimental Study

2006 ◽  
pp. 433-436
Author(s):  
Dae Joon Kim ◽  
Jung Suk Han ◽  
Young Jun Lim ◽  
Kyung Soo Jang ◽  
Chang-Young Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
Alumina Composite

scholarly journals Interactions of Osteoprogenitor Cells with a Novel Zirconia Implant Surface

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Thomas Munro ◽  
Catherine M. Miller ◽  
Elsa Antunes ◽  
Dileep Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Osteoblast Cell Line ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Migration

Background: This study compared the in vitro response of a mouse pre-osteoblast cell line on a novel sandblasted zirconia surface with that of titanium. Material and Methods: The MC3T3-E1 subclone 4 osteoblast precursor cell line was cultured on either sandblasted titanium (SBCpTi) or sandblasted zirconia (SBY-TZP). The surface topography was analysed by three-dimensional laser microscopy and scanning electron microscope. The wettability of the discs was also assessed. The cellular response was quantified by assessing the morphology (day 1), proliferation (day 1, 3, 5, 7, 9), viability (day 1, 9), and migration (0, 6, 24 h) assays. Results: The sandblasting surface treatment in both titanium and zirconia increased the surface roughness by rendering a defined surface topography with titanium showing more apparent nano-topography. The wettability of the two surfaces showed no significant difference. The zirconia surface resulted in improved cellular spreading and a significantly increased rate of migration compared to titanium. However, the cellular proliferation and viability noted in our experiments were not significantly different on the zirconia and titanium surfaces. Conclusions: The novel, roughened zirconia surface elicited cellular responses comparable to, or exceeding that, of titanium. Therefore, this novel zirconia surface may be an acceptable substitute for titanium as a dental implant material.

scholarly journals A rapid, parasite-dependent cellular response to Dirofilaria immitis in the Mongolian jird (Meriones unguiculatus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher C. Evans ◽  
Katherine M. Day ◽  
Yi Chu ◽  
Bridget Garner ◽  
Kaori Sakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Response ◽  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Meriones Unguiculatus ◽  
Filarial Parasite ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Secretory Products ◽  
Species Specific

Abstract Background The Mongolian jird (Meriones unguiculatus) has long been recognized as a permissive host for the filarial parasite Brugia malayi; however, it is nonpermissive to another filarial parasite, canine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis). By elucidating differences in the early response to infection, we sought to identify mechanisms involved in the species-specific clearance of these parasites. We hypothesized that the early clearance of D. immitis in intraperitoneal infection of the jird is immune mediated and parasite species dependent. Methods Jird peritoneal exudate cells (PECs) were isolated and their attachment to parasite larvae assessed in vitro under various conditions: D. immitis and B. malayi cultured separately, co-culture of both parasites, incubation before addition of cells, culture of heat-killed parasites, and culture with PECs isolated from jirds with mature B. malayi infection. The cells attaching to larvae were identified by immunohistochemistry. Results In vitro cell attachment to live D. immitis was high (mean = 99.6%) while much lower for B. malayi (mean = 5.56%). This species-specific attachment was also observed when both filarial species were co-cultured, with no significant change from controls (U(9, 14) = 58.5, p = 0.999). When we replicated these experiments with PECs derived from jirds subcutaneously infected with B. malayi, the results were similar (99.4% and 4.72% of D. immitis and B. malayi, respectively, exhibited cell attachment). Heat-killing the parasites significantly reduced cell attachment to D. immitis (mean = 71.9%; U(11, 14) = 7.5, p < 0.001) while increasing attachment to B. malayi (mean = 16.7%; U(9, 15) = 20, p = 0.002). Cell attachment to both species was reduced when larvae were allowed a 24-h pre-incubation period prior to the addition of cells. The attaching cells were identified as macrophages by immunohistochemistry. Conclusions These results suggest a strongly species-dependent response from which B. malayi could not confer protection by proxy in co-culture. The changes in cell attachment following heat-killing and pre-incubation suggest a role for excretory/secretory products in host immune evasion and/or antigenicity. The nature of this attachment is the subject of ongoing study and may provide insight into filarial host specificity.

Use of Medium Potency Statins Is Associated with Improved Outcomes after Frontline RCHOP in Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)

Blood ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 136 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 45-45
Author(s):  
Sushanth Gouni ◽  
Paolo Strati ◽  
Jason Westin ◽  
Loretta J. Nastoupil ◽  
Raphael E Steiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Pre-clinical studies show that statins may improve the efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy in patients with DLBCL, through interference with cell membrane-initiated signaling pathways. Clinical retrospective studies, however, yield conflicting data, due to heterogeneous properties of statins, including potency and hydrophilicity. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of patients with previously untreated, advanced stage DLBCL, non-double hit, treated with frontline R-CHOP between 01/01/2000 and 09/01/2019 (data cut-off 04/15/2020) at MD Anderson Cancer Center, and for whom data regarding statin use at time of initiation of treatment were available. Lugano 2014 response criteria were applied retrospectively for response assessment. Cellular cholesterol levels were analyzed in 6 DLBCL cell lines using an Amplex red fluorometric assay. A doxorubicin (DXR)-resistant cell line was generated exposing SUDHL4 cells to escalating doses of DXR; a DXR-resistant DLBCL patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model was established through serial transplantation and exposure to DXR. Results: 271 patients were included in the analysis, 182 (67%) were older than 60 years, 134 (49%) were male, 212 (72%) had stage IV disease, and 217 (80%) had an IPI score &gt; 3; upon pathological review, 38 (36%) cases were non-GCB type, and 18 (28%) were double-expressors; 214 (79%) were able to complete all planned 6 cycles of RCHOP. Seventy-nine (29%) patients received statins at time of initiation of chemoimmunotherapy: 15 patients received low potency statin, 51 medium and 13 high; 18 patients received hydrophilic statins and 61 lipophilic. Patients receiving statins were significantly older as compared to patients who did not (p&lt;0.001); no other significant difference in baseline characteristics was observed when comparing the 2 groups. Overall, 265 out of 271 patients were evaluable for response, as 6 stopped treatment because of toxicity before first response assessment. Among these, ORR was 95% (252/265) and CR rate was 62% (165/265). ORR rate was identical in patients who were treated with statin and those who did not (95% both, p=1). After a median follow-up of 77 months (95% CI, 70-84 months), 119 patients progressed/died, median PFS was not reached and 6-year PFS was 57%. 6-year PFS rate according to statin intensity was: 48% (low), 72% (medium), 57% (high). PFS. 6-year PFS rate was 64% for hydrophilic and 72% for lipophilic statins. Patients treated with statins had a trend for longer PFS (p=0.06), significantly longer for patients receiving medium potency statins (p=0.04). No significant difference in PFS was observed when comparing patients treated with lipophilic statins to all others (not reached vs 84 months, p=0.22). To confirm these clinical data, in-vitro and in-vivo studies were performed. Six cell lines were tested: 4 with high cholesterol content (SUDHL4, HBL1, HT, and U2932; 5.0-8.0 µg/mg protein), and 2 with low cholesterol content (DOHH2 and OCI-LY19; 1.5-2.0 µg/mg protein); the latter showed the highest sensitivity to DXR-mediated killing. The combination of lovastatin and DXR (10nM) was tested in all 4 cell lines with high cholesterol content, resulting in more cell death than either treatment alone. Lovastatin (at the nanomolar range) resensitized DXR-resistant SUDHL4 cells to DXR. Finally, in a DXR-resistant PDX model, the combination of lovastatin and DXR resulted in delayed tumor growth as compared to chemotherapy alone. Conclusions: Use of medium potency statins is associated with improved outcomes after frontline RCHOP in patients with DLBCL. This was further confirmed in functional in-vitro and in-vivo studies. Future interventional studies, aimed at improving outcomes in these patients using this novel combination, are warranted. Disclosures Westin: Amgen: Consultancy; 47: Research Funding; Kite: Consultancy, Research Funding; BMS: Consultancy, Research Funding; Morphosys: Consultancy, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy, Research Funding; Curis: Consultancy, Research Funding; Astra Zeneca: Consultancy, Research Funding. Nastoupil:Gamida Cell: Honoraria; Merck: Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Honoraria, Research Funding; Karus Therapeutics: Research Funding; Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding; LAM Therapeutics: Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; Bayer: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding; Genentech, Inc.: Honoraria, Research Funding; Pfizer: Honoraria, Research Funding; Gilead/KITE: Honoraria. Neelapu:Bristol-Myers Squibb: Other: personal fees, Research Funding; Merck: Other: personal fees, Research Funding; Kite, a Gilead Company: Other: personal fees, Research Funding; Pfizer: Other: personal fees; Celgene: Other: personal fees, Research Funding; Novartis: Other: personal fees; Karus Therapeutics: Research Funding; N/A: Other; Takeda Pharmaceuticals: Patents & Royalties; Acerta: Research Funding; Cellectis: Research Funding; Poseida: Research Funding; Precision Biosciences: Other: personal fees, Research Funding; Legend Biotech: Other; Adicet Bio: Other; Allogene Therapeutics: Other: personal fees, Research Funding; Cell Medica/Kuur: Other: personal fees; Calibr: Other; Incyte: Other: personal fees; Unum Therapeutics: Other, Research Funding. Landgraf:NCI/NIH: Research Funding. Vega:NCI: Research Funding.

scholarly journals The biological seal of the implant–soft tissue interface evaluated in a tissue-engineered oral mucosal model

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (77) ◽  
pp. 3528-3538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen L. Chai ◽  
Ian M. Brook ◽  
Anders Palmquist ◽  
Richard van Noort ◽  
Keyvan Moharamzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Tritiated Water ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Permeability Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Surface Topographies ◽  
Tissue Interface

For dental implants, it is vital that an initial soft tissue seal is achieved as this helps to stabilize and preserve the peri-implant tissues during the restorative stages following placement. The study of the implant–soft tissue interface is usually undertaken in animal models. We have developed an in vitro three-dimensional tissue-engineered oral mucosal model (3D OMM), which lends itself to the study of the implant–soft tissue interface as it has been shown that cells from the three-dimensional OMM attach onto titanium (Ti) surfaces forming a biological seal (BS). This study compares the quality of the BS achieved using the three-dimensional OMM for four types of Ti surfaces: polished, machined, sandblasted and anodized (TiUnite). The BS was evaluated quantitatively by permeability and cell attachment tests. Tritiated water (HTO) was used as the tracing agent for the permeability test. At the end of the permeability test, the Ti discs were removed from the three-dimensional OMM and an Alamar Blue assay was used for the measurement of residual cells attached to the Ti discs. The penetration of the HTO through the BS for the four types of Ti surfaces was not significantly different, and there was no significant difference in the viability of residual cells that attached to the Ti surfaces. The BS of the tissue-engineered oral mucosa around the four types of Ti surface topographies was not significantly different.

scholarly journals Effect of Denture Base Reinforcement Using Light Cured E- Glass Fibers on the Level of Salivary Immunoglobulin A

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 2168-2172
Author(s):  
Shady M. El Naggar ◽  
Mohamed I. Seif El Nasr ◽  
Hassan M. Sakr ◽  
Sherihan M. Eissa ◽  
Asmaa N. Elboraey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Complete Dentures ◽  
Denture Base ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Glass Fibres ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Salivary Immunoglobulin A

BACKGROUND: A gap still exists between in vitro and clinical studies concerning the biocompatibility of the material in the oral environment and their potential to cause immunological undesirable side effects. The uses of glass fibres to improve the mechanical properties of acrylic resin denture base polymers are well documented in vitro. AIM: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of denture base reinforcement using light-cured E- glass fibres mesh on the level of salivary immunoglobulin A (S-IgA) in patients wearing complete dentures. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fourteen completely edentulous patients, in need of complete dentures, participated in the study. The patients were divided into two groups (n = 7) according to the treatment protocol. In the first group, patients received conventional heat-cured acrylic resin dentures. In the second group, the mandibular dentures were reinforced using light cured resin impregnated E glass fibres mesh. In both groups, salivary samples were collected using passive drool technique. The level IgA was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique at different time intervals. Statistical analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey`s post-hoc test and independent t-test. The significant level was set at P ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: Acrylic resin dentures and reinforced ones demonstrated an increase in the mean values of IgA level at the end of the follow-up intervals. And this increase was statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05). Although, the reinforced dentures revealed higher mean values, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05) CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of the present study, the following could be concluded: (1) the insertion of complete dentures induced changes in the level of IgA; and (2) denture base reinforcement using light cured resin impregnated E-glass fibres mesh had a similar effect to that of heat cured acrylic resin on the level of IgA.

Clonal and Subclonal Cytogenetic Aberrations: Association with D-Type Cyclin Expression and Event-Free Survival (EFS) in Multiple Myeloma (MM).

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 3439-3439
Author(s):  
Dirk Hose ◽  
John DeVos ◽  
Nadine Müller ◽  
Jean-Francois Rossi ◽  
Christiane Heiß ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Early Event ◽  
Expression Data ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Cytogenetic Aberrations ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract AIM. Expression changes of D-type cyclins are thought to be an early event in the genesis of Multiple Myeloma and are associated with distinct cytogenetic aberrations. These aberrations appear with different percentages (“clonal” or “subclonal”) in a given patient. We assessed whether the height of CCND expression assessed by gene expression profiling and quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) correlates with the presence of clonal or subclonal aberrations of 11q13, t(11;14) and t(4;14). PATIENTS AND METHODS. 128 newly diagnosed MM-patients (65 training (TG)/63 independent validation group (VG)) and 14 normal donors (ND) were included. Bone marrow aspirates were CD138-purified by activated magnetic cell sorting. RNA was in-vitro transcribed and hybridised to Affymetrix HG U133 A+B GeneChip (TG) and HG U133 2.0 plus array (VG). CCND1 and CCND2 expression was verified by real time RT-PCR and western blotting. iFISH was performed on purified MM-cells using probesets for chromosomes 1q21, 9q34, 11q23, 11q13, 13q14, 15q22, 17p13, 19q13, 22q11 and the translocations t(4;14) and t(11;14). Clonal aberrations were defined as being present in >60%, subclonal aberrations in 20 to 60% of MMC in a given patient. Expression data were gcrma normalised and a Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test used (Bioconductor). RESULTS. 11q13+. CCND1 (208711_s_at, 208712_at) is significantly higher (p<0.0001), CCND2 (200953_s_at, 200951_s_at) significantly lower (p<0.0001) expressed in MMC harbouring clonal, compared to subclonal, or no gain of 11q13. t(11;14). CCND1 is significantly higher (p<0.0001), CCND2 significantly lower (p<0.0001) expressed in MMC harbouring clonal, compared to subclonal, or no t(11;14). t(4;14). CCND1 is significantly lower (p<0.0001), CCND2 significantly higher (p<0.0001) expressed in MMC harbouring clonal compared to subclonal, or no t(4;14). The expression of CCND3 (201700_at) is not significantly different between the 3 groups for all aberrations investigated. CCND2 and CCND3, but not CCND1 are expressed by normal plasma cells. Results have been verified by qRT-PCR (n=40) for CCND1 and CCND2. Expression of CCND1, CCND2 and CCND3 has been verified by western blotting on selected samples. The expression of CCND2 correlates with short EFS, but not if patients with t(4;14) are excluded. There is no significant difference in EFS for patients harbouring the respective aberrations in a clonal or subclonal pattern. CONCLUSION. An additional copy of 11q13 or t(11;14) correlates with increased CCND1 and decreased CCND2 expression, a t(4;14) is associated with an increase of CCND2 and a decrease of CCND1 expression. In each case, the height of the CCND-expression is significantly different whether the respective aberration is clonal or subclonal. Thus, when interpreting expression data in the context of cytogenetic aberrations, it is important to consider if plasma cells carry a respective aberration in a subclonal/clonal pattern.

scholarly journals Integrin alpha 5 beta 1 expression negatively regulates cell growth: reversal by attachment to fibronectin.

1995 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 725-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Varner ◽  
D A Emerson ◽  
R L Juliano
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Growth Arrest ◽  
Early Gene ◽  
Immediate Early ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Cellular Quiescence

Cells selected for overexpression of the integrin alpha 5 beta 1 show decreased proliferation and loss of the transformed phenotype. We provide evidence that de novo expression of the integrin alpha 5 beta 1 in HT29 colon carcinoma cells results in the growth arrest of these cells as characterized by reduced DNA synthesis and cellular proliferation in vitro. In fact, expression of integrin alpha 5 beta 1 on these cells induces the transcription of growth arrest specific gene 1 (gas-1), a gene product known to induce cellular quiescence, but blocks transcription of the immediate early genes c-fos, c-jun, and jun B. In vivo, the alpha 5 beta 1 transfectants display dramatically reduced tumorigenicity as well as a highly differentiated phenotype when compared with their pSVneo-transfected counterparts. Surprisingly, ligation of alpha 5 beta 1 on these cells by cell attachment to a fibronectin substrate not only reverses the growth inhibition and gas-1 gene induction but activates immediate early gene transcription. These findings demonstrate that integrin alpha 5 beta 1 expression in the absence of attachment to fibronectin activates a signaling pathway leading to decreased cellular proliferation and that ligation of this receptor with fibronectin reverses this signal, thereby contributing to the proliferation of transformed cells.

scholarly journals Platelet Rich Concentrate Promotes Early Cellular Proliferation and Multiple Lineage Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stromal CellsIn Vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Shani ◽  
Raja Elina Ahmad ◽  
Sangeetha Vasudevaraj Naveen ◽  
Malliga Raman Murali ◽  
Karunanithi Puvanan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cell ◽  
Stromal Cell ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Expression Study ◽  
Early Differentiation ◽  
Proliferative Effect ◽  
Lineage Differentiation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Time Point

Platelet rich concentrate (PRC) is a natural adjuvant that aids in human mesenchymal stromal cell (hMSC) proliferationin vitro; however, its role requires further exploration. This study was conducted to determine the optimal concentration of PRC required for achieving the maximal proliferation, and the need for activating the platelets to achieve this effect, and if PRC could independently induce early differentiation of hMSC. The gene expression of markers for osteocytes (ALP, RUNX2), chondrocytes (SOX9, COL2A1), and adipocytes (PPAR-γ) was determined at each time point in hMSC treated with 15% activated and nonactivated PRC since maximal proliferative effect was achieved at this concentration. The isolated PRC had approximately fourfold higher platelet count than whole blood. There was no significant difference in hMSC proliferation between the activated and nonactivated PRC. Only RUNX2 and SOX9 genes were upregulated throughout the 8 days. However, protein expression study showed formation of oil globules from day 4, significant increase in ALP at days 6 and 8(P≤0.05), and increased glycosaminoglycan levels at all time points(P<0.05), suggesting the early differentiation of hMSC into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages. This study demonstrates that the use of PRC increased hMSC proliferation and induced early differentiation of hMSC into multiple mesenchymal lineages, without preactivation or addition of differentiation medium.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the bond strength of orthodontic brackets and the degree of polymerisation and microhardness of an orthodontic adhesive using polyvawe light curing unit and varying light densities

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 9p
Author(s):  
Nuri Mert Topbasi ◽  
Yasin Atakan Benkli
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bond Failure ◽  
Adhesive Resin ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Light Curing

Objective: This study evaluates the shear bond strength (SBS) and Vickers micro-hardness (VHN) of the orthodontic adhesive resin Transbond XT using thermocycled samples. The study also measures the degree of cure by poliwave light curing unit Valo. Materials and Methods: 135 brackets were bonded for the SBS test, and 90 disc-shaped orthodontic adhesive resins were prepared for the VHN test. The measurements were taken either immediately or after 500 or 10.0000 thermocycling. The SBS and VHN test data were statistically evaluated using a Two-way ANOVA and Tukey multiple comparison tests. The degree of conversion (DC) was measured by FTIR. Results: The 10-sec polymerized control group (57.08) and the 10.000 termocycled samples (55.96) had the highest VHN scores. On the other hand, the 3 second polymerized and the 10.000 termocycled samples (39.22) had the lowest VHN scores. There was no significant difference in the bracket SBS values between the termocycled and immediate groups. An evaluation of the bond failure surfaces revealed that the ARI scores did not differ between the immediate and the thermo-cycled groups according to the power modes. The FTIR results revealed that the lowest DC was seen in the 3 second light-cured sample. Conclusion: Transbond XT provided sufficient bonding in terms of microhardness and DC under in vitro bracket bonding conditions after 10 and 8 seconds of Poliwave LED curing. However, low mean values were seen in the groups that received Poliwave LED curing for only 3 seconds. KEYWORDSARI score; FTIR; Light-Emitting Diode; Orthodontics; Thermocycling.

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