Compressive Strength and Chloride Ion Permeability Test of Concrete Incorporating Fly Ash and GGBS with Diverse Water Binder Ratio

In this study conventional concrete of M40 grade developed with diverse water binder ratio and fixed optimum dosage of 30% mineral admixture fly ash and GGBS with weight of cement .Compression test has been conducted on cube samples and Rapid Chloride permeability test (RCPT) are conducted on cylindrical specimens to acknowledge durability parameter. Compression test results has been enhanced with replacement of supplementary cementitious materials and chloride ion permeability has been reduced with substitution of fly ash and GGBS .incremental of water binder ratio also reduce the permeability value however compression value increased

Comparative Study of Different Types of Waterproofing Screeds with a Focus on Cohesion with Selected Building Materials after the Freeze-Thaw Exposure

The aim of the research was focused on the functionality of three types of waterproofing screeds from the perspective of their use in building structures. Bitumen, polymer, silicate (mineral) were studied in terms of their cohesion with the substrate and their sealing ability, used in combination with different building materials—ceramics, concrete, lime-sand bricks and marl stone, the permeability properties of which were taken into consideration, too. The cohesion was also studied after the freeze-thaw exposure to take into account the aspects of durability. During the experimental program, the basic waterproofing ability of all types of tested screeds applied on building materials was confirmed. Comparing the overall tested screeds, despite the best adhesion of the polymer-based screed, this material exhibited the lowest durability after the freeze-thaw exposure. The bitumen and silicate (mineral) screed attained similar values of adhesion to the studied base materials. However, they differ in their ability to withstand freeze-thaw cycles over time. The modified water permeability test on model masonry specimens was performed. No leakage of water during the test was monitored for the specimens with all types of applied screeds over time, and, in addition, water had not penetrated through the bricks, nor through the joints. The waterproofing effect of the screed is not affected by the joints in masonry.

An Observational Study to Evaluate the Association between Intestinal Permeability, Leaky Gut Related Markers, and Metabolic Health in Healthy Adults

We explored whether metabolic health is linked to intestinal permeability, using a multi-sugar (MS) permeability test, and whether intestinal permeability is correlated with the leaky gut-related markers (LGM) zonulin, LBP, and sCD14. Metabolically healthy (n = 15) and unhealthy subjects (n = 15) were recruited based on waist circumference, fasting glucose, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Participants underwent an MS permeability test that assessed site-specific permeabilities of the gastroduodenum and small and large intestines. The test was performed with/without an acetylsalicylic acid challenge to measure and correlate the gut permeability, LGM, and metabolic health. At baseline, metabolic health showed no correlation with gut permeability. Significant correlations were found between the metabolic health parameters and LGM. In the acetylsalicylic acid challenged MS permeability test, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was correlated with the sucralose/erythritol ratio, reflecting the whole intestinal permeability. Correlations between most metabolic health parameters and LGM during the acetylsalicylic acid challenge were less pronounced than at baseline. In both MS permeability tests, no significant correlations were found between LGM (plasma and serum) and gut permeability. Thus, correlations between LGM and metabolic health might not be linked with paracellular gut permeability. Transcellular translocation and/or lipoprotein-related transportation is a more likely mechanism underlying the association between LGM and metabolic health.

Stability performance of demolition waste composite as landfill liner

Landfill liner is one of the essential components that prevent leachate infiltration of the soil from causing pollution. A liner has specific design criteria to function optimally. This study analyses the permeability and stability value of the mixture of composite materials consisting of demolition waste, bentonite, and lime materials. This study using some methods include falling head method for permeability test and direct shear strength for stability test. Based on the results of this research, it can be seen that the mixture of demolition waste and bentonite to composite can reduce the internal shear angle and increase the cohesion. While lime provides a fluctuating value for cohesiveness, it can increase the internal shear angle. The best mixture to be used as an alternative composite liner is the V6 composite which has a demolition waste composition of 79%, 20% bentonite, and 1% lime with a permeability coefficient value of 8.526 × 10−7 cm/s.

A RESEARCH ON THE BREATHABILITY PROPERTY OF BABY DIAPER BACKSHEET

Disposable breathable diapers are considered as one of the most important developments in diaper sector. Breathable diapers keep the child’s skin dry and provide a comfortable feeling to the child. Breathability of diapers is obtained by using the breathable back sheet layer which is the most outer layer that the diaper comprises. In this study, the effects of laminating and printing processes on back sheet material breathability are studied. For this aim, four types of back sheet samples namely; film, printed film, laminated film and printedlaminated film are tested for breathability. For breathability testing, water vapour permeability test was applied with two different test devices which principally operate in different ambient conditions. As a result of the study, it is seen that, the breathability of back sheet component decreases as a result of printing and laminating processes. Also, it can be concluded that the ambient conditions for standard textile fabrics is not convenient for testing back sheet samples. Since, the test does not simulate the real ambient conditions of microclimate between the diaper and the child’s skin during diaper use.

Evaluation of Pore Volume, Connectivity and Clogging of Previous Concrete Reactive Barrier in Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage

It has recently been shown that pervious concrete is a promising, effective technology as permeable reactive barrier for treatment of acid mine drainage (AMD). However, pore clogging also occurs simultaneously during AMD treatment. In the present study, mixtures of pervious concrete were made and used in a column experiment during which pore clogging occurred in the samples. Pore volume, connectivity and other parameters of pervious concrete were evaluated using five (5) different methods comprising the volumetric method (VM), linear – traverse method (LTM), image analysis (IA), falling head permeability test and X - ray micro - computed tomography. It was found that pervious concrete effectively removed from AMD, about 90 to 99% of various heavy metals including Al, Fe, Zn, Mn and Mg. Cr concentration significantly increased in the treated effluent, owing to leaching from cementitious materials used in mixtures. The VM and LTM gave statistically similar pore volume results, while IA’s values were 20 to 30% higher than those of the conventional methods. The falling head permeability test and IA were found to be effective in quantifying pore clogging effects. Pervious concrete exhibited high pore connectivity of 95.0 to 99.7%, which underlies its efficacious hydraulic conductivity.

Karakteristik Membran Komposit Polietersulfon, Polivinilpirolidon dan Kitosan

Polyethersulfone (PES) is a membrane forming material that has many advantages but is hydrophobic, so it is necessary to add other materials, such as composite PES with Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and chitosan. The addition of PVP aims to change the nature of the PES membrane to be hydrophilic and the addition of chitosan aims to improve the mechanical properties of the polymer. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of adding PVP and chitosan to the characteristics of PES membranes. The membranes were made using a phase inversion technique by immersion precipitation with a concentration of 20% PES, 1% PVP, and chitosan were varied, namely 0% (M0 membrane), 1.5% (M1), 2% (M2), and 3% (M3). The results of the permeability test showed that the membranes M0, M1, M2, and M3 are classified as nanofiltration membranes with Lp values of 9.1237, 7.618, 6.9651, and 4.4077 L/m2.h.bar. The swelling degree value is 61,512; 103.111; 145,564; and 158.610% and the overall porosity value is 22.892; 32.360; 80.726; and 117.016%. The SEM test showed that the morphology of the membrane changed its structure as the concentration of chitosan increased. The FTIR test on the membrane showed that there were absorption bands, each of which identified its functional group.

Permeability Analysis Using the Falling Head Method on Soil with the Addition of Coconut Fiber Ash

This study was to determine the physical properties of the soil and the effect of adding coconut ash to the permeability coefficient using the fall method. Soil sampling was carried out in Bolu Village, Rantepao District, North Toraja Regency and the added material used coconut fiber from community waste located on Biring Romang Street, Kapasa Village, Makassar City with the proportion of added material being 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%. The structure in this research is to use research on the physical properties of the soil and then compile the composition of the alloy to the soil permeability test so that it can produce a coefficient of soil permeability. The results of this study indicate that the soil meets the characteristics as clay soil. The effect of adding fiber ash to the soil is a decrease in the permeability value where the higher the proportion of coconut fibers, the smaller the permeability until the addition of 15%.