Structural and Texture Studies of PbS Thin Film

2010 ◽  
Vol 442 ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. Mehmood ◽  
S. Zaman ◽  
K. Ahmed ◽  
M.M. Asim
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Hydrazine Hydrate ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Deposition Parameters ◽  
Cubic Structure ◽  
Post Deposition

In this study, we report on the structural parameters and texture development which occurred during deposition and annealing of PbS films and their effect on optical properties. The films under study were deposited on glass substrates through chemical bath method. The reactive substances used to obtain the PbS layers were lead accetae trihydrated, thiourea and hydrazine hydrate. The films were prepared with one molar bath concentration and for various deposition times. The data showed that as-prepared and annealed thin films are polycrystalline with cubic structure and predominantly textured along 100. Results showed that thinner films are more prone to post deposition heat treatments as compared to thicker ones. Deposition parameters and thermal treatment strongly influence the optical properties of PbS films.

Properties of TiO2 Thin Film Prepared by Sol-Gel Dip Coating

2015 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 528-531
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Ling Yun Bai
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Glass Substrates

TiO2 thin films were prepared on glass substrates by sol-gel method. The effect of withdraw speed on the thickness and optical properties of TiO2 thin films was investigated. The films were transparent in the visible wavelength. The thickness of the TiO2 films was increased from 90 nm for the withdraw speed of 1000 μm/s to 160 nm for the withdraw speed of 2000 μm/s. While, The refractive index of the TiO2 thin film decreased from 2.38 to 2.07. It may be due to the porosity of the film was increased. The optical band-gap of the films was around 3.45 eV.

scholarly journals Effect of Halogen Doping on Optical Properties for ZnO Thin Film Prepared by Thermal Oxidation

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 149-161
Author(s):  
Wael Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Thermal Oxidation ◽  
Zinc Acetate Dihydrate ◽  
Precursor Solution ◽  
Zno Thin Film ◽  
Oxide Thin Films ◽  
Glass Substrates

Undoped and halogen-doped zinc oxide thin films are prepared by the thermal oxidation process. Zinc acetate dihydrate, ethanol, and Diethanolamine are used as precursor, solvent, and stabilizer, respectively. In the case of ZnO:Hal. dopant Ammonium chloride NH4Cl 99%, Benzene Bromide C6H5Br, or Benzene Iodide C6H5I for making dopant ZnO thin film with Cl, Br, I respectively is added to the precursor solution with an atomic percentage equal to 2-10.% hal. The transparent solution sprayed onto glass substrates, and are transformed into ZnO upon annealing at 500°C. XRD spectra of ZnO thin films, and optical properties of them as a function of halogen content have been investigated using U.V spectroscopy ( transmittance , refractive index, extinction coefficient and energy band gap ) for undoped and halogen-doped zinc oxide thin films.

Structural and electrical study of BLT thin film deposited on different substrates by electron gun evaporation

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Abdallah ◽  
F. Nasrallah ◽  
W. Tabbky
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Ferroelectric Properties ◽  
Electron Gun ◽  
High Deposition Rate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Evaporation Technique

Purpose The purpose of this study was to deposit Bi4Ti3O12 films by electron gun evaporation technique starting from Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 as a target without annealing. The films have been deposited on Si(100), on thin film buffer layer of Pt and glass substrates. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to analyze structure of the films, which possesses a good structure with (0010) preferred orientation. Electronic behavior of the samples has been studied. Design/methodology/approach The dependence of both the structure and quality of the BLT thin films on different substrates is studied using XRD. The electrical characteristics were determined using capacitance–voltage (C–V) and current–voltage (I–V) measurements at the frequency of 1 MHz. Optical properties of the grown films deposited on glass substrates were characterized by optical transmittance measurements (UV-Vis). Findings The XRD analysis approved the crystallographer structure of the prepared Bi4Ti3O12 films. The optical properties of deposited film (transmittance and the band gap value) are extracted by UV-Vis spectrum. Originality/value High crystalline quality Bi4Ti3O12 films have been obtained using different substrates at room temperature by means of electron gun deposition. The electrical and ferroelectric properties of thin films were studied using I–V and C–V measurements. The band gap has been found to be about 3.62 eV for the studied film deposited on glass substrate. Electron beam evaporation technique is the most interesting methods, once considering many advantages; such as its stability, reproducibility, high deposition rate and the compositions of the films are controlled.

scholarly journals An Investigation on Structural and Optical Properties of Zn1−xMgxS Thin Films Deposited by RF Magnetron Co-Sputtering Technique

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 766
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahriar Bashar ◽  
Yulisa Yusoff ◽  
Siti Fazlili Abdullah ◽  
Mashudur Rahaman ◽  
Puvaneswaran Chelvanathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Cubic Phase ◽  
Rf Power ◽  
Structural And Optical Properties ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Thin Film Photovoltaics

In this paper, Zn1−xMgxS thin films were co-sputtered on glass substrates using ZnS and MgS binary target materials under various applied RF power. The compositional ratio of Zn1−xMgxS films was varied by changing the RF power at an elevated temperature of 200 °C. The structural and optical properties were studied in detail. The structural analysis shows that the co-sputtered Zn1−xMgxS thin films have a cubic phase with preferred orientation along the (111) plane. The lattice constant and ionicity suggest the presence of a zincblende structure in Zn1−xMgxS thin films. Zn1−xMgxS thin films have transmittance over 76%. The extrapolation of optical characteristics indicates that direct bandgaps, ranging from 4.39 to 3.25 eV, have been achieved for the grown Zn1−xMgxS films, which are desirable for buffer or window layers of thin film photovoltaics.

Optical and Structural Properties of Nanocrystalline CdS Thin Films Grown by Chemical Bath Deposition

2011 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Ayush Khare ◽  
R. B. Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Chemical Bath Deposition ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Transmission Spectra ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Cds Thin Films ◽  
Cds Films

Nanocrystalline cadmium sulfide thin films are prepared using chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique in aqueous alkaline bath at 60 °C and their subsequent condensation on glass substrates. Effects of annealing on structural, morphological and optical properties are presented and discussed. The best annealing temperature for CBD grown CdS films is found to be 350 °C from optical properties. The optical and structural properties of CdS films are found to be sensitive to annealing temperature and are described in terms of XRD, SEM, transmission spectra and optical studies. The structural parameters such as crystallite size have been evaluated through XRD while SEM micrographs exhibit ordering of grains upon annealing. The transmission spectra shift towards higher wavelength upon annealing indicating increase in crystallinity. Annealing over 350 °C is found to degrade the external structure and optical properties of the film.

scholarly journals Effect of Annealing on the Structural, Magnetic, Surface Energy and Optical Properties of Co32Fe30W38 Films Deposited by Direct-Current Magnetron Sputtering

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1028
Author(s):  
Wen-Jen Liu ◽  
Yung-Huang Chang ◽  
Sin-Liang Ou ◽  
Yuan-Tsung Chen ◽  
Wei-Hsuan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
Magnetic Surface ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Alloy Thin Film ◽  
Glass Substrates

In this study, a 10–50 nm Co32Fe30W38 alloy thin film sputtered on glass substrates was annealed at different temperatures for 1 h including room temperature (RT), 300, 350, and 400 °C. The structure, magnetic properties, surface energy, and optical properties of the Co32Fe30W38 alloy were studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the as-deposited Co32Fe30W38 thin films showed the amorphous structure. The apparent body-centered cubic (BCC) CoFe (110) structure was exhibited after 300 °C annealing for 1 h. The 300 °C annealed Co32Fe30W38 thin film showed the highest CoFe (110) peak compared with other temperatures. Furthermore, the thicker the Co32Fe30W38 thin film, the higher the CoFe (110) peak. The CoFe (110) peak revealed magneto-crystalline anisotropy, which was related to the strong low-frequency alternative-current magnetic susceptibility (χac) and induced an increasing trend of saturation magnetization (Ms) as the thickness (tf) increased. Due to the thermal disturbance, the χac and Ms for the 350 and 400 °C annealed Co32Fe30W38 thin film decreased. The contact angles of the Co32Fe30W38 thin films were less than 90°. For all temperatures, the surface energy increased when the film thickness increased from 10 to 50 nm. In addition, the surface energies for annealed samples were comparatively higher than the as-deposited samples. The higher surface energy of 28 mJ/mm2 was obtained for the 50 nm Co32Fe30W38 thin film annealed at 300 °C. The transmittance percentage (%) of the as-deposited Co32Fe30W38 film was higher than other annealed conditions. This result contributed to the fact that higher crystallization, due to perfect band structures, may inhibit the transmission of photon signals through the film, resulting in low transmittance and high absorption.

Preparation and Character Measurements of ZrO2 Films for RF Magnetron Sputtering

2012 ◽  
Vol 490-495 ◽  
pp. 3358-3361
Author(s):  
Tai Long Gui ◽  
Ji Ying Wen ◽  
Jin Shuo Mei
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Post Deposition Annealing ◽  
Zro2 Film ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Post Deposition

ZrO2 thin films were deposited on glass substrates via RF magnetron sputtering technique and post-deposition annealing treatment.The films transmittance and surface structure were investigated by means of Ultraviolet spectrophotometer, AFM and XRD. The effect of annealing on the optical properties of the films has been studied as well.The research result indicates that the size of ZrO2 film grain obviously gets bigger, the surface is more smooth and transmission rate increases after 800°C, annealing 30min.

Observations on the growth of YBa2Cu3O7-δ thin films on MgO by pulsed-laser ablation

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 1068-1069
Author(s):  
M. Grant Norton ◽  
C. Barry Carter
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Pulsed Laser Ablation ◽  
Thin Film Deposition ◽  
Film Deposition ◽  
Laser Ablation Process ◽  
Deposition Parameters

Pulsed-laser ablation has been widely used to produce high-quality thin films of YBa2Cu3O7-δ on a range of substrate materials. The nonequilibrium nature of the process allows congruent deposition of oxides with complex stoichiometrics. In the high power density regime produced by the UV excimer lasers the ablated species includes a mixture of neutral atoms, molecules and ions. All these species play an important role in thin-film deposition. However, changes in the deposition parameters have been shown to affect the microstructure of thin YBa2Cu3O7-δ films. The formation of metastable configurations is possible because at the low substrate temperatures used, only shortrange rearrangement on the substrate surface can occur. The parameters associated directly with the laser ablation process, those determining the nature of the process, e g. thermal or nonthermal volatilization, have been classified as ‘primary parameters'. Other parameters may also affect the microstructure of the thin film. In this paper, the effects of these ‘secondary parameters' on the microstructure of YBa2Cu3O7-δ films will be discussed. Examples of 'secondary parameters' include the substrate temperature and the oxygen partial pressure during deposition.

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYVINYL ALCOHOL THIN FILMS FOR ORGANIC THIN FILM TRANSISTORS AND BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-18
Author(s):  
Chandar Shekar B ◽  
Ranjit Kumar R ◽  
Dinesh K.P.B ◽  
Sulana Sundar C ◽  
Sunnitha S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Thin Film Transistors ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Organic Thin Film Transistors ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Organic Thin Film ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Coating Method

Thin films of poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) were prepared on pre-cleaned glass substrates by Dip Coating Method. FTIR spectrum was used to identify the functional groups present in the prepared films. The vibrational peaks observed at 1260 cm-1 and 851 cm-1 are assigned to C–C stretching and CH rocking of PVA.The characteristic band appearing at 1432 cm-1 is assigned to C–H bend of CH2 of PVA. The thickness of the prepared thin films were measured by using an electronic thickness measuring instrument (Tesatronic-TTD20) and cross checked by gravimetric method. XRD spectra indicated the amorphous nature of the films.Surface morphology of the coated films was studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The surface revealed no pits and pin holes on the surface. The observed surface morphology indicated that these films could be used as dielectric layer in organic thin film transistors and as drug delivery system for wound healing.

Sol-gel growth of Ni doped CdS on glass substrates: effect of spin coating speed and dopant concentration

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atefeh Nazari Setayesh ◽  
Hassan Sedghi
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Dopant Concentration ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Band Gap Energy ◽  
Gap Energy ◽  
Glass Substrates

Background: In this work, CdS thin films were synthesized by sol-gel method (spin coating technique) on glass substrates to investigate the optical behavior of the film. Methods: Different substrate spin coating speeds of 2400, 3000, 3600 rpm and different Ni dopant concentrations of 0 wt.%, 2.5 wt.%, 5 wt.%) were investigated. The optical properties of thin films such as refraction index, extinction coefficient, dielectric constant and optical band gap energy of the layers were discussed using spectroscopic ellipsometry method in the wavelength range of 300 to 900 nm. Results: It can be deduced that substrate rotation speed and dopant concentration has influenced the optical properties of thin films. By decreasing rotation speed of the substrate which results in films with more thicknesses, more optical interferences were appeared in the results. Conclusion: The samples doped with Ni comparing to pure ones have had more optical band gap energy.

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