Preparation of Fibrous Scaffolds Containing Calcium and Silicon Species

2011 ◽  
Vol 493-494 ◽  
pp. 840-843
Author(s):  
Akiko Obata ◽  
Hiroki Ozasa ◽  
Julian R. Jones ◽  
Toshihiro Kasuga
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Fiber Spinning ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Cotton Wool ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Large Defect ◽  
Nanofibrous Structure ◽  
Versatile Technique

Materials for bone defect filling should have 3D macroporous structure and be flexible to be packed into complex defects with limited entrance space. Tissue engineering scaffolds should also mimic the structure and morphology of the host tissue. Electrospinning is a versatile technique to produce materials with micro/nanofibrous structure, large surface area and high porosity. Electrospun materials are very promising for tissue engineering due to the possibility of mimicking the fibrous structure of natural extra cellular matrix (ECM). Siloxane-containing vaterite (SiV)/poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) hybrids (SiPVH) with controlled silicate and calcium ions releasing ability has been produced in our group. They have also demonstrated good cell infiltration into the electrospun hybrid materials that had fiber diameters greater than 10 μm. However, these electrospun hybrid materials were planar (2D) and are not suitable for large defect regeneration. In this work, the development of a fabrication technique for the production of 3D cotton wool-like structures with fiber diameter in the range of 10 μm was performed. SiPVH cotton wool-like structure containing 0, 30 and 60 wt % SiV were prepared by blowing air in the direction perpendicular to fiber spinning. Si-vaterite particles and small pores were found on the surface of the fibers. The fiber diameter of the samples were found to be in the range of 10 ~ 20 μm. Stretch tests showed more than 50 % extension for the SiPVH cotton wool-like material containing 30 wt % SiV (SiPVH30). This extension was similar to that observed for the PLLA cotton wool-like material. The results suggest that the SiPVH30 cotton wool-like material are good candidates for bone tissue engineering scaffolds.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic) Acid Nanoparticles-Loaded Chitosan/Bioactive Glass Scaffolds as a Localized Delivery System in the Bone Defects

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nazemi ◽  
F. Moztarzadeh ◽  
N. Jalali ◽  
S. Asgari ◽  
M. Mozafari
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Plga Nanoparticles ◽  
Biological Macromolecules ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Localized Delivery

The functionality of tissue engineering scaffolds can be enhanced by localized delivery of appropriate biological macromolecules incorporated within biodegradable nanoparticles. In this research, chitosan/58S-bioactive glass (58S-BG) containing poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles has been prepared and then characterized. The effects of further addition of 58S-BG on the structure of scaffolds have been investigated to optimize the characteristics of the scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. The results showed that the scaffolds had high porosity with open pores. It was also shown that the porosity decreased with increasing 58S-BG content. Furthermore, the PLGA nanoparticles were homogenously distributed within the scaffolds. According to the obtained results, the nanocomposites could be considered as highly bioactive bone tissue engineering scaffolds with the potential of localized delivery of biological macromolecules.

Poly(L-lactic acid)/Hydroxyapatite Nanocylinders as Nanofibrous Structure for Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Bok Lee ◽  
Ha Na Park ◽  
Wan-Kyu Ko ◽  
Min Soo Bae ◽  
Dong Nyoung Heo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Nanofibrous Structure

scholarly journals Bone Repair and Regenerative Biomaterials: Towards Recapitulating the Microenvironment

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neda Aslankoohi ◽  
Dibakar Mondal ◽  
Amin S. Rizkalla ◽  
Kibret Mequanint
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Native Bone ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Minimal Bias

Biomaterials and tissue engineering scaffolds play a central role to repair bone defects. Although ceramic derivatives have been historically used to repair bone, hybrid materials have emerged as viable alternatives. The rationale for hybrid bone biomaterials is to recapitulate the native bone composition to which these materials are intended to replace. In addition to the mechanical and dimensional stability, bone repair scaffolds are needed to provide suitable microenvironments for cells. Therefore, scaffolds serve more than a mere structural template suggesting a need for better and interactive biomaterials. In this review article, we aim to provide a summary of the current materials used in bone tissue engineering. Due to the ever-increasing scientific publications on this topic, this review cannot be exhaustive; however, we attempted to provide readers with the latest advance without being redundant. Furthermore, every attempt is made to ensure that seminal works and significant research findings are included, with minimal bias. After a concise review of crystalline calcium phosphates and non-crystalline bioactive glasses, the remaining sections of the manuscript are focused on organic-inorganic hybrid materials.

A Structural Model for the Flexural Mechanics of Nonwoven Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

2006 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 610-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
George C. Engelmayr ◽  
Michael S. Sacks
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Polyglycolic Acid ◽  
Mechanical Effect ◽  
Effective Stiffness ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

The development of methods to predict the strength and stiffness of biomaterials used in tissue engineering is critical for load-bearing applications in which the essential functional requirements are primarily mechanical. We previously quantified changes in the effective stiffness (E) of needled nonwoven polyglycolic acid (PGA) and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) scaffolds due to tissue formation and scaffold degradation under three-point bending. Toward predicting these changes, we present a structural model for E of a needled nonwoven scaffold in flexure. The model accounted for the number and orientation of fibers within a representative volume element of the scaffold demarcated by the needling process. The spring-like effective stiffness of the curved fibers was calculated using the sinusoidal fiber shapes. Structural and mechanical properties of PGA and PLLA fibers and PGA, PLLA, and 50:50 PGA/PLLA scaffolds were measured and compared with model predictions. To verify the general predictive capability, the predicted dependence of E on fiber diameter was compared with experimental measurements. Needled nonwoven scaffolds were found to exhibit distinct preferred (PD) and cross-preferred (XD) fiber directions, with an E ratio (PD/XD) of ∼3:1. The good agreement between the predicted and experimental dependence of E on fiber diameter (R2=0.987) suggests that the structural model can be used to design scaffolds with E values more similar to native soft tissues. A comparison with previous results for cell-seeded scaffolds (Engelmayr, G. C., Jr., et al., 2005, Biomaterials, 26(2), pp. 175–187) suggests, for the first time, that the primary mechanical effect of collagen deposition is an increase in the number of fiber-fiber bond points yielding effectively stiffer scaffold fibers. This finding indicated that the effects of tissue deposition on needled nonwoven scaffold mechanics do not follow a rule-of-mixtures behavior. These important results underscore the need for structural approaches in modeling the effects of engineered tissue formation on nonwoven scaffolds, and their potential utility in scaffold design.

scholarly journals Effect of Relative Humidity on the Electrospinning Performance of Regenerated Silk Solution

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2479
Author(s):  
Bo Kyung Park ◽  
In Chul Um
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Molecular Conformation ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Formic Acid Solution ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Β Sheet

Recently, the electrospun silk web has been intensively studied in terms of its biomedical applications, including tissue engineering scaffolds, due to its good biocompatibility, cytocompatibility, and biodegradability. In this study, the effect of relative humidity (RH) conditions on the morphology of electrospun silk fiber and the electrospinning production rate of silk solution was examined. In addition, the effect of RH on the molecular conformation of electrospun silk web was examined using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. As RH was increased, the maximum electrospinning rate of silk solution and fiber diameter of the resultant electrospun silk web were decreased. When RH was increased to 60%, some beads were observed, which showed that the electrospinnability of silk formic acid solution deteriorated with an increase in RH. The FTIR results showed that electrospun silk web was partially β-sheet crystallized and RH did not affect the molecular conformation of silk.

Study on Tissue Engineering Scaffolds of Silk Fibroin-Chitosan/ Nano-Hydroxyapatite Composite

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 971-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Wu Wen ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Mu Qin Li ◽  
Xiang Cai Meng
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Component Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Composite ◽  
Ray Diffusion ◽  
Interconnected Pores

The porous scaffolds of silk fibroin-chitosan /nano-hydroxyapatite (SF-CS / n-HA) were fabricated through the freeze- drying technique. Component, structure and morphology of scaffolds were studied by infrared (IR), X-ray diffusion (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the mechanical properties of the scaffolds were measured. The simulated body fluid (SBF) experiments were conducted to assess the bioactivity of the scaffolds. Results indicate that chemical binding is formed between HA and organics, the macropore diameter of the scaffolds varies from 150 to 400μm. The porous scaffolds with interconnected pores possess a high porosity of 78%-91% and compressive strength of 0.26 -1.96MPa, which can be controlled by adjusting the concentration of organic phases and prefreezing temperature. In the SBF tests, a layer of randomly oriented bone-like apatite crystals formed on the scaffold surface, which suggested that the composite material had good bioactivity. Studies suggest the feasibility of using SF-CS /n-HA composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.

Use of Soft Lithography for Multi-layer MicroMolding (MMM) of 3-D PCL Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

2004 ◽  
Vol 820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Sun ◽  
Nicholas Ferrell ◽  
Derek J. Hansford
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Soft Lithography ◽  
Cellular Adhesion ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Grid Pattern ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Cell Dimensions ◽  
Orthogonal Grid ◽  
Typical Cell ◽  
Micromolding In Capillaries

AbstractTissue engineering scaffolds with precisely controlled geometries, particularly with surface features smaller than typical cell dimensions (1-10μm), can improve cellular adhesion and functionality. In this paper, soft lithography was used to fabricate polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamps of arrays of parallel 5μm wide, 5μm deep grooves separated by 45 μm ridges, and an orthogonal grid of lines with the same geometry. Several methods were compared for the fabrication of 3-D multi-layer polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds with precise features. First, micromolding in capillaries (MIMIC) was used to deliver the polymer into the small grooves by capillarity; however the resultant lines were discontinuous and not able to form complete lines. Second, spin coating and oxygen plasma were combined to build 3-D scaffolds with the line pattern. The resultant scaffolds had good alignment and adhesion between layers; however, the upper layer collapsed due to the poor mechanical rigidity. Finally, a new multi-layer micromolding (MMM) method was developed and successfully applied with the grid pattern to fabricate 3-D scaffolds. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization showed that the multi-layered scaffolds had high porosity and precisely controlled 3-D structures.

Use of Soft Lithography for Multi-layer MicroMolding (MMM) of 3-D PCL Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

2004 ◽  
Vol 823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Sun ◽  
Nicholas Ferrell ◽  
Derek J. Hansford
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Soft Lithography ◽  
Cellular Adhesion ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Grid Pattern ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Cell Dimensions ◽  
Orthogonal Grid ◽  
Typical Cell ◽  
Micromolding In Capillaries

AbstractTissue engineering scaffolds with precisely controlled geometries, particularly with surface features smaller than typical cell dimensions (1-10μm), can improve cellular adhesion and functionality. In this paper, soft lithography was used to fabricate polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamps of arrays of parallel 5μm wide, 5μm deep grooves separated by 45 μm ridges, and an orthogonal grid of lines with the same geometry. Several methods were compared for the fabrication of 3-D multi-layer polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds with precise features. First, micromolding in capillaries (MIMIC) was used to deliver the polymer into the small grooves by capillarity; however the resultant lines were discontinuous and not able to form complete lines. Second, spin coating and oxygen plasma were combined to build 3-D scaffolds with the line pattern. The resultant scaffolds had good alignment and adhesion between layers; however, the upper layer collapsed due to the poor mechanical rigidity. Finally, a new multi-layer micromolding (MMM) method was developed and successfully applied with the grid pattern to fabricate 3-D scaffolds. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization showed that the multi-layered scaffolds had high porosity and precisely controlled 3-D structures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document