Road Engineering Optimization Based on Driving Reaction

2013 ◽  
Vol 579-580 ◽  
pp. 841-844
Author(s):  
Zhao Cao ◽  
Xiao Wu ◽  
Qing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Safety Issue ◽  
Heart Beat ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Force Coefficient ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Road Engineering ◽  
Positive Correlation

With the increasingly outstanding of the traffic safety issue, the human factors in People-Vehicle-Road System are being emphasized gradually. Takes Jinhua suburb asphalt mountain road (two-lane, multiple steep slopes) for example, this study focuses on road engineering response analysis on driving reaction, design optimization of road engineering base on driving response. A driver over 3 driving years steered 5-seat car in 4 kilometers long experimental road, kept the vehicle speed (V) under 40km/h. Heartbeat rate of the driver was monitored by dynamic Holter through driving process. The analysis shows that there is a linear positive correlation between Heart beat growth rate (Ni) and V, a nearly positive correlation between lateral force coefficient (μ) and Ni, and nearly inversely proportional between plane curve radius (R) and slope (i). It should decrease R appropriately when road slope (i) much sharply in road alignment design. There is a polynomial relation between Ni, V and R. As R increases, both Ni and V reduce firstly, and then rise. When R ranges from 240 to 500 meter, stress gradually ease; while R exceeds 500 meter, driving reaction tension gradually rise. R<550 m, i <6% and slope length under 300 m in the experimental road. When instructional speed <40km/h, then Ni was 30.2% and μ was 0.25. Its benefit for driving safety to keep drivers in appropriate tension in such situation.

scholarly journals Determination of Curve Speed Zones for Mountainous Freeways

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yongtao Liu ◽  
Jie Qiao ◽  
Yanting Hu ◽  
Tengyuan Fang ◽  
Ting Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Warning Sign ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Traffic Efficiency ◽  
Safety Warning ◽  
The Difference

Different vehicular speed limits may have an impact on the balance between safety and efficiency of travel on mountainous road corners associated with complex road conditions. Placing suitable speed limit warning signs does not merely effectively improve traffic safety but can also improve traffic efficiency. In this study, a global positioning system (GPS) terminal and Metrocount were used to collect vehicle speed data from more than 40 provincial-level curves in 8 provinces over the course of 1 year. Each road data collection time-period lasted approximately 8 hours. A descriptive statistics method was adopted by means of data screening and pretreatment. Additionally, both a velocity difference estimation model was established and a linear model of velocity differential estimation was constructed. Quantitative analysis was carried out on the safe speed, the driver’s expected speed, and the location of the speed limit warning signs. This demonstrated a positive correlation with the initial speed. When the difference in speed was greater than 15 km/h, a safety warning sign was required to limit the design speed to 80 km/h. A safety warning sign was also required when the corner radius was less than 300 m. The location of safety warning signs could be calculated based on the operating speed and taking driving safety and the visual range of drivers into consideration. The results can provide a theoretical reference for setting up appropriate safe speed limiting signs on road corners in mountainous areas.

Research on the Method of Dynamic Speed Limit on Expressway under Complex Climate Based on Pavement Skid-Resistant Performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 189-195
Author(s):  
Yong Fang ◽  
Zhong Yin Guo
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Water Film ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Pavement Condition

To solve the problems in the current deterministic method of a maximum speed limit for expressway, a method of dynamic speed limit on expressway under complex climate was presented which was based on pavement skid-resistant performance. Firstly, the variation of pavement skid-resistant performance under complex climate conditions was analysed based on research results and certain experimental statistic data. By analysing the influence rule of AC-16 and SMA-16 pavement texture, pavement temperature, water film thickness, ice thickness, vehicle speed to pavement Skid-Resistant Performance, pavement actual friction coefficient calculation model and reference standard were established under different pavement condition Then, by analysing the geometry line indexes, pavement conditions and vehicle dynamics, the critical sideslip speed and critical longitudinal-driving safety speed was formulated; therefore, with critical speed as a constraint of safety driving and interval classification of complex climatic conditions, the dynamic speed calculate method and safety speed control standard were proposed under various pavements conditions, visibilities and traffic environments. This method for overcoming the weakness of a maximum speed limit of expressway operation and improving traffic safety is helpful.

The Prediction of Vehicle Collision Risk in Traffic Conflict Zone Based on Bayesian Network

2015 ◽  
Vol 744-746 ◽  
pp. 1953-1959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xin Yan ◽  
Song Gao ◽  
Hao Cai ◽  
Hui Wan
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Network ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Posteriori Probability ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Collision Risk ◽  
Traffic Environment ◽  
Traffic Conflict ◽  
Probability Table ◽  
Probability Of Collision

The external traffic environment has a big influence to the traffic safety during the area of traffic conflict place，and to analysis the relationship between the external traffic environment factors and driving safety is helpful to improve the traffic safety. The method of comprehensive analysis the historical data and expert survey data is used to explore this question. And at the same time, the collision risk prediction model during the traffic conflict place is built by the Bayesian network. According to the data analyzing, the node variable, the state of variable and the conditional probability table of this model is also built. Finally, the software of Hugin is used to deal with the posteriori probability of collision risk, and the result proved that this model can predict the collision risk accurately during the traffic conflict area, and the data analyzing showed that the factor of the driver's intention, the vehicle speed and the headway have a significance influence to the traffic safety.

Research on Safety Vehicle Distance Recognition Based on Stereo Vision and DSP

2013 ◽  
Vol 333-335 ◽  
pp. 805-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Bao Chen ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
Hua Feng Xiao ◽  
Wei Hou
Keyword(s):  
Stereo Vision ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Intelligent Transportation ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Target Vehicle ◽  
Operation Rate ◽  
The Right

With the development of economy, there are an increasing number of cars as well as traffic accidents, thus intensifying the need to take measures to reduce traffic accidents and protect the safety of life and property. Vehicle distance is one of the most important indexes of traffic safety. The measurement of safety vehicle distance has become an increasingly hot research area of intelligent transportation. Through analyzing the basic principle of stereo vision and calibrating the parameters of the CCD sensors both inside and outside, this paper comes up with a method to measure the former vehicle distance based on stereo vision and DSP. Once the vehicle speed and distance form a non-security association, it will give a warning, and upload data or force speed-limiting. According to the different coordinates of the obtained images of the target vehicle from the left and the right sensor, this method can identify feature points, calculate distance to the target vehicle, and analyze the security of vehicle distance. The experimental results show that this method has wide measurement range, high measurement accuracy, and fast operation rate, thus it can meet the actual needs of the measurement of safe vehicle distance in intelligent transportation.

Attitudes Toward Driving Safety and Their Modification

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Schuster
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
The United States ◽  
Driving Behavior ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Considerable Research ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

This paper reviews and discusses the measurement of attitudes toward traffic safety and the attempts to change these attitudes and related driving behavior. Psychological testing of such attitudes and personality characteristics is fairly well developed and there are some instruments of good reliability and useable validity. Efforts to modify driver attitudes and behavior are inconclusive and only mildly encouraging. Considerable research needs to be done before the attitudes and behavior of drivers can be changed to improve traffic safety in the United States.

An In-Vehicle Speed Advisories HMI for Driving Safety and Fuel Economy Improvement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wushuang Bai ◽  
Liming Gao ◽  
Evan Pelletier ◽  
Guangwei Zhou ◽  
Sean Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Fuel Economy Improvement

scholarly journals School-Aged Pedestrian–Vehicle Crash Vulnerability

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinga Ivan ◽  
József Benedek ◽  
Silviu Ciobanu
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Vehicle Crashes ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Triggering Factors ◽  
Pedestrian Crashes

The analysis of pedestrian–vehicle crashes makes a significant contribution to sustainable pedestrian safety. Existing research is based mainly on the statistical analysis of traffic crashes involving pedestrians and their causes, without the identification of areas vulnerable to traffic crashes that involve pedestrians. The main aim of this paper is to identify areas vulnerable to school-aged pedestrian–vehicle crashes at a local level to support the local authorities in implementing new urban traffic safety measures. The vulnerable areas were determined by computing the severity index (SI) based on the number of fatal, serious, and slight casualties throughout the 2011–2016 period in a large urban agglomeration (Bucharest). As well as the vulnerable areas, the triggering factors and the time intervals related to school-aged pedestrian–vehicle crashes were identified. The outcomes of the study showed that the vulnerable areas were concentrated only in districts 2 and 4 of Bucharest, and they were associated with high vehicle speed and pedestrians’ unsafe crossing behavior. The findings revealed that speed and age are triggering factors in generating school-aged pedestrian–vehicle crashes. The identified time peaks with a high number of traffic crashes correspond to the afternoon time intervals, when scholars go home from school. The identification of the areas vulnerable to school-aged pedestrian crashes may help local authorities in identifying and implementing measures to improve traffic safety in large urban agglomerations.

scholarly journals An Optimization Design Method of Combination of Steep Slope and Sharp Curve Sections for Mountain Highways

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Yue ◽  
Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Steep Slope ◽  
Lateral Acceleration ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Lateral Instability ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Maximum Slope ◽  
Regular Design

As it was found steep slope and sharp curve sections account for 14% of the accident-prone sections according to the accidents data in Chongqing. Regular design indices with certain thresholds are found not enough for this kind of mountain highways. The goal of this paper is to find an optimization design method for combination of steep slope and sharp curve sections based on the analysis of vehicle driving stability. The overall safety model of steep slope and sharp curve combined section is established, and the relevant coordination relationship between design indices of the front and rear alignment unit is established by using the operating speed estimation model. Taking the maximum slope length corresponding to the specified design speed as the design condition of the front segment, the threshold values and variation rules of the design indices of the rear segment under different design speeds are calculated ensuring driving safety. The safety model is simulated by CarSim software, the trajectory offset and lateral acceleration are used to indirectly reflect the degree of lateral instability, and the results are compared to verify the effectiveness of the simplified safety model established in this paper.

The Research of Public Traffic Safety Evaluation System

2012 ◽  
Vol 253-255 ◽  
pp. 1855-1859
Author(s):  
Pei Chen ◽  
Xuan Liu ◽  
Jian Gang Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Traffic Engineering ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Road Engineering ◽  
The Road ◽  
Public Traffic ◽  
Transport Safety

In order to improve the security of public traffic, In the road engineering, traffic engineering facilities for basic theory,analyze the factors that affect public transport safety,and then conduct extensive questionnaire,analyze the degree that the major transport facilities affect the safety of traffic,determine the evaluation index and use the analytic hierarchy construct public transport safety evaluation system.Finally,applicate evaluation system to determine the best time for preventive maintenance of road markings,and also provide a new way of thinking for the study of traffic safety.

Road Adaptive Suspension Controller Based on Partial-State Feedback Gain Scheduling

2011 ◽  
Vol 317-319 ◽  
pp. 1507-1511
Author(s):  
Tao Sun ◽  
Zhen Gao ◽  
Gui Hong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic Controller ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
Feedback Gain ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Multiple Control ◽  
Reduced Order ◽  
Performance Indexes ◽  
Reduced Order Observer ◽  
Deflection Limit

A new control algorithm combing Reduced-order observer, LQG and Fuzzy Logic Controller (RLFLC) is proposed to compromise the classical suspension conflict between riding comfort and driving safety. The RLFLC optimizes the weights of the performance indexes on line in accordance with variational suspension deflection and body acceleration to schedule the gain of LQG controller dynamically for achieving multiple control objectives. In particular, a reduced-order observer is introduced to estimate some state variables which are difficult to measure. Compared with the passive suspension and the conventional LQG control system, the simulation results show that RLFLC can be adaptive to vehicle speed and road conditions to improve not only the riding comfort at low speeds, but also driving safety at high speeds without violating the given suspension deflection limit

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