Study of some Dental Biomaterials Properties Using an Original Software Application

2013 ◽  
Vol 587 ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasile Prejmerean ◽  
Laura Silaghi-Dumitrescu ◽  
Doina Prodan ◽  
Cristina Prejmerean ◽  
Marioara Moldovan
Keyword(s):  
Digital Images ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Dental Composites ◽  
Software Application ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Color System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Aluminum Plates ◽  
Statistical Results ◽  
Cielab Color

The aim of the present study is to measure the optical properties of dental materials, color and translucency, as well as their radiopacity using digital images. To do this, an original software application implementing two functions has been developed. Determining the radiopacity amount of certain areas of the materials is achieved by interpolating the values of ten aluminum plates used as reference. The study of this property is achieved by interpreting the statistical results and graphs displayed. The translucency value was calculated as the difference of the CIELab color system values for two digital images representing the same material on white and black background, respectively. In order to evaluate the color changes of the biomaterials, the samples were immersed in coffee, wine and orange juice. The application has been tested on several experimental materials based on bioceramics, dental composites and giomers, and the results are similar to the ones obtained using other evaluation methods.

scholarly journals Impact of Bleaching before or after Veneer Preparation on Color Masking Ability of Laminate Veneers: An In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Gollshang Ahmad Mhammed Dalloo ◽  
Bestoon Mohammed Faraj ◽  
Abdulsalam Rasheed Al-Zahawi
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Color Change ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Tooth Discoloration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Color System ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Laminate Veneers ◽  
Cielab Color

Purpose. This study evaluates the effect of bleaching before or after veneer preparation and the depth of preparation on color masking ability of laminate veneers. Methods. Sixty extracted premolars were artificially stained to vita shade A4, verified by digital spectrophotometer (Vita Easy Shade V), and then divided into three groups: NB = nonbleached , BBP = bleaching before preparation, and BAP = bleaching after preparation. Based on the preparation depths, each group was further divided into two subgroups: S 1 = 0.5   mm and S 2 = 1.0   mm . BBP and BAP were subjected to one session of in-office bleaching using 35% hydrogen peroxide. IPS e-max CAD veneers of 0.5 and 1.0 mm thickness (corresponding to the preparation depths) of the same shade and translucency (HT A1) were cemented immediately to the bleached surfaces. Immediately after cementation, the color change Δ E between the baseline (after staining) and the resulted shades was measured using the Vita Easy Shade V digital spectrophotometer and CIELab color system. Results. Bleached groups exhibited a significant Δ E value compared to the nonbleached group ( p < 0.05 ). BAP showed the highest Δ E value. No significant difference was found between BBP and BAP. S2 revealed a significant Δ E value than S1 ( p < 0.05 ). No significant difference was found between S1of BAP and S2 of NB, BBP, and BAP ( p > 0.05 ). Regarding the color coordinates, the difference between the tested groups was highly significant in lightness ( Δ L ∗ ) ( p < 0.001 ), while no significant differences were found in green/red value ( Δ a ∗ ) and yellow/blue value ( Δ b ∗ ) ( p > 0.05 ). Conclusions. In cases of severe tooth discoloration, one session of in-office bleaching before or after veneer preparation and the preparation depth do not influence the color masking ability of laminate veneers.

scholarly journals Effect of Citric Acid on Color Changes of Calcium Silicate-Based Cements an In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2339
Author(s):  
Joanna Metlerska ◽  
Till Dammaschke ◽  
Mariusz Lipski ◽  
Irini Fagogeni ◽  
Anna Machoy-Mokrzyńska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Color Measurement ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
Root Canal Irrigants ◽  
The Difference

The aim of the present in vitro study was to investigate the effects of 10% and 40% citric acid (CA) on the color of calcium silicate–based cements (CSCs) in comparison to the effects of common root canal irrigants. Samples of six CSCs (n = 6)—ProRoot MTA (Dentsply, Tulsa, OK, USA), Biodentine (Septodont, Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, France), MTA Plus (Avalon Biomed Inc, by Prevest Denpro Limited, Jammu, India), MTA Repair HP (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil), Ortho MTA (BioMTA, Seoul, Korea), and Retro MTA (BioMTA, Seoul, Korea)—were immersed in 10% and 40% CA as well as 15% EDTA, 2% NaOCl, 2% CHX, and 0.9% NaCl for 15 min, 1 h, and 24 h. ΔE values, representing the difference between the final and baseline values of the color components, were then determined using a VITA Easyshade Compact 5.0 spectrophotometer. Naked-eye evaluation of the changes in color and structures of the materials was performed using our own scale. Upon immersion of the materials in both 10% and 40% CA, there were statistically significant differences between spectrophotometric color measurement results for all CSCs (P < 0.05). However, CA does not cause dark discoloration, observable with the naked eye, of any of the materials, such as NaOCl and CHX. Significant statistical differences were also found between all CSCs in terms of submersion duration (P < 0.05). CA, which could be an alternative to EDTA use, caused greater CSCs discoloration and changed some of their structures. Unless required by the therapeutic procedure, clinicians should pay attention to the fact that the irrigant may affect the CSCs discoloration and minimize the contact time of irrigant with CSCs.

scholarly journals Molecularly imprinted electrospun fiber membrane for colorimetric detection of hexanoic acid

e-Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 500-510
Author(s):  
Xiaoguang Ying ◽  
Jieyuan He ◽  
Xiao Li
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrospun Fiber ◽  
Colorimetric Detection ◽  
Hexanoic Acid ◽  
Bromocresol Purple ◽  
Fiber Membrane ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Imagej Software

Abstract An imprinted electrospun fiber membrane was developed for the detection of volatile organic acids, which are key components of human body odor. In this study, hexanoic acid (HA) was selected as the target, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was used as the substrate, and colorimetric detection of HA was achieved by a bromocresol purple (BCP) chromogenic agent. The results showed that the morphology of the fiber membrane was uniform and continuous, and it showed excellent selectivity and specificity to HA. Photographs of the color changes before and after fiber membrane adsorption were recorded by a camera and quantified by ImageJ software by the difference in gray value (ΔGray). This method is simple, intuitive, and low cost and has great potential for application in human odor analysis.

scholarly journals Hard dental tissue minimal-invasive preparation using contemporary polymer rotating instruments and laser

2014 ◽  
Vol 142 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milos Beloica ◽  
Zoran Vulicevic ◽  
Zoran Mandinic ◽  
Ivana Radovic ◽  
Olivera Jovicic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Minimal Invasive ◽  
Dental Tissue ◽  
Cavity Preparation ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Preparation Techniques

Goal of contemporary dentistry is to decrease the patient?s discomfort during treatment. Dentists aim to achieve maximum with the newly developed dental materials as well as with new cavity preparation techniques in the shortest time span. Since the development of the first constructed borer (drilling machine) for caries removal, the preparation techniques have considerably changed. The progress of dental materials as well as the cavity preparation techniques has led us to contemporary carbide tungsten and diamond borers that are used with obligatory water cooling. The innovation within this field represents newly developed polymer borers that can detect the difference between carious lesions and healthy tooth structure. In this way the cavity preparation may be performed without damaging dental healthy tissue. This is possible owing to their hardness which is lower than the hardness of intact dentin. Polymer borer preparation is painless with less vibration, while the increase in temperature is negligible. Lasers have been used in clinical dentistry since 1980s so it can be said that they represent a new technology. The function of lasers is based on ablation which requires water. Erbium lasers have shown the highest potential with their ability to produce effective ablation of hard dental tissues. Laser application in dentistry requires special training as well as some protective measures. Laser advantages, compared to traditional preparation techniques, involve the absence of vibration, painless preparation, possibility of preparation without anesthetic and easier patient?s adjustment to dental intervention which is of importance, especially in pediatric dentistry.

scholarly journals Implementasi Pengamanan Citra Digital Menggunakan Algoritma ICE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Josua Alfiandi Sinuhaji
Keyword(s):  
Digital Image ◽  
Block Cipher ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Source Code ◽  
Digital Imagery ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Data Theft ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cryptographic Techniques ◽  
Rotation Function

Digital imagery is currently very widely used, so it is very vulnerable to data theft by unauthorized parties. In order to maintain the security of digital images can be done by using cryptographic techniques. Cryptographic techniques can encode digital images by encrypting them in the form of passwords that are not understood. ICE is a block cipher published by Kwan in 1997. This algorithm has a structure similar to DES, but with additional bit permutations that do not depend on the key in the rotation function. There are various types of ICE variants, namely Thin-ICE, ICE standard, and ICE-n. The difference between the three is the length of the keyword used and the number of rounds. The Thin-ICE algorithm uses 64 bits and 8 turns. The ICE standard uses 64 bits and 16 round keys. The ICE-n algorithm uses keys 64n bits and 16n turns. The use of this type of algorithm can be adjusted to the needs of users where Thin-ICE has the lowest level of security among the three, while ICE-n is the highest. This algorithm does not become the subject of a patent and the source code can be used freely.Keywords : Cryptography, Digital Image,Algorithm,ICE.

The Future of Telepathology for the Developing World

2011 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles L Hitchcock
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Virtual Slide ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Software Application ◽  
Open Platform ◽  
Delays In Diagnosis

Abstract Physician shortages are acute in developing countries, where disease burden is the greatest and resources for health care are very limited. A lack of pathologists in these countries has lead to delays in diagnosis and misdiagnoses that adversely affect patient care and survival. The introduction of telepathology into countries with limited resources for health care is but one of multiple approaches that can be used to alleviate the problem. Telepathology is the electronic transmission of digital images that can be used for education and diagnostic consultation. A basic system consists of a microscope with a mounted digital camera linked to a computer. The ability to produce histologic slides, to repair and maintain equipment, and to provide training are also needed for the successful use of this technology. iPath is a Web-based, open platform, software application which was developed at the University of Basel, Switzerland, for telepathology and which brings together pathologists from around the world to provide telepathology support for diagnostic consultation and provides education to centers with limited resources. The use of virtual-slide technology to provide a digital image of an entire glass slide is another technology for diagnostic consultation and pathology education. This technology requires more costly resources to support it, which may limit its utility in many areas. Telepathology can generate collections of digital images and virtual slides needed for training indigenous pathologists in their countries to become self-sufficient. Thus, the long-term goal of this technology is to improve patient care and survival.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Natural Bleaching Gels Used in Cosmetic Dentistry

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amalia Mazilu (Moldovan) ◽  
Codruta Sarosi ◽  
Marioara Moldovan ◽  
Filip Miuta ◽  
Doina Prodan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Color Shift ◽  
Follicle Stem Cells ◽  
Bleaching Gels

The novelty of this study consists of the formulation and characterization of three experimental bleaching gels with hydroxylapatite oxides and fluorine (G28®, G29®, G30®) based on natural fruit extracts compared to the commercial Opalescence 15% (GC, Ultradent, South Jordan, UT, USA). Studies have been conducted on the effect that the experimental bleaching gels have on the color and morphology of different restorative materials (Nanofill®-Schulzer, P.L. Superior Dental Materials GmbH, Hamburg, Germany, and experimental nanocomposites (P11®, P31®, P61®)), immersed in coffee and artificial saliva (for 10 days and 30 days). The study also includes a cytotoxicity test on the gels and nanocomposites after bleaching, with ISO 109993-5 protocols on human dental follicle stem cells. UV-VIS spectroscopy, computerized measurement, and fluorescence spectrometry were used in order to observe the color changes, while the microstructure of the surface was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). All of the samples immersed in coffee showed the highest color shift in comparison to the baseline. The color difference ΔE values obtained using the two methods (UV-Vis, computerized based on digital images) both after coloring and bleaching, respectively, were different for all four types of nanocomposites stored in the coffee, while no difference was observed in those stored in artificial saliva. The studied experimental gels and nanocomposites had a low cytotoxic effect on cell cultures after bleaching.

scholarly journals Moving Towards a Finer Way of Light-Cured Resin-Based Restorative Dental Materials: Recent Advances in Photoinitiating Systems Based on Iodonium Salts

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4093
Author(s):  
Monika Topa ◽  
Joanna Ortyl
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Dental Composites ◽  
Iodonium Salts ◽  
Photoinduced Polymerization ◽  
Low Energy Consumption ◽  
Restorative Dental Materials ◽  
Phosphine Derivatives ◽  
Short Time

The photoinduced polymerization of monomers is currently an essential tool in various industries. The photopolymerization process plays an increasingly important role in biomedical applications. It is especially used in the production of dental composites. It also exhibits unique properties, such as a short time of polymerization of composites (up to a few seconds), low energy consumption, and spatial resolution (polymerization only in irradiated areas). This paper describes a short overview of the history and classification of different typical monomers and photoinitiating systems such as bimolecular photoinitiator system containing camphorquinone and aromatic amine, 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione, phosphine derivatives, germanium derivatives, hexaarylbiimidazole derivatives, silane-based derivatives and thioxanthone derivatives used in the production of dental composites with their limitations and disadvantages. Moreover, this article represents the challenges faced when using the latest inventions in the field of dental materials, with a particular focus on photoinitiating systems based on iodonium salts. The beneficial properties of dental composites cured using initiation systems based on iodonium salts have been demonstrated.

scholarly journals Improved Fracture Toughness and Conversion Degree of Resin-Based Dental Composites after Modification with Liquid Rubber

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2704
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Pałka ◽  
Joanna Kleczewska ◽  
Emil Sasimowski ◽  
Anna Belcarz ◽  
Agata Przekora
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Degree Of Conversion ◽  
Dental Composites ◽  
Conversion Degree ◽  
Matrix Resin ◽  
Ceramic Filler ◽  
Liquid Rubber ◽  
The Matrix

There are many methods widely applied in the engineering of biomaterials to improve the mechanical properties of the dental composites. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of modification of dental composites with liquid rubber on their mechanical properties, degree of conversion, viscosity, and cytotoxicity. Both flow and packable composite consisted of a mixture of Bis-GMA, TEGDMA, UDMA, and EBADMA resins reinforced with 60 and 78 wt.% ceramic filler, respectively. It was demonstrated that liquid rubber addition significantly increased the fracture toughness by 9% for flow type and 8% for condensable composite. The influence of liquid rubber on flexural strength was not statistically significant. The addition of the toughening agent significantly reduced Young’s modulus by 7% and 9%, respectively, while increasing deformation at breakage. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations allowed to determine the mechanisms of toughening the composites reinforced with ceramic particles. These mechanisms included bridging the crack edges, blocking the crack tip by particles and dissipation of fracture energy by deflection of the cracks on larger particles. The degree of conversion increased after modification, mainly due to a decrease in the matrix resin viscosity. It was also shown that all dental materials were nontoxic according to ISO 10993-5, indicating that modified materials have great potential for commercialization and clinical applications.

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric Evaluation of Enamel Color Variation Using Infiltration Resin Treatment of White Spot Lesions at One Year Follow-Up

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Lo Giudice ◽  
Frank Lipari ◽  
Francesco Puleio ◽  
Angela Alibrandi ◽  
Fabrizio Lo Giudice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Color Variation ◽  
White Spot ◽  
White Spot Lesions ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Stability

The aim of this study is to evaluate the color changes and the stability at a 1-year follow-up of white spot lesions (WSLs) treated with an infiltrating technique by using etching and TEGDMA resin. The color of 22 white spot lesions and the sound adjacent enamel (SAE) were assessed with a spectrophotometer at T0 (baseline), T1 (after treatment), and T2 (1 year after). The color change ΔE (WSLs-SAE) at T0 vs. T1 were compared to evaluate the camouflage effect efficiency, and at T1 vs. T2 to assess the stability of outcomes. To evaluate the effect on the treatment outcome of gender, the presence or not of previous orthodontic treatment, WSLs onset more/less than 10 years, the age of the patient, and the ΔE WSL (T0 vs. T1) was analyzed. The difference between ΔE (WSLs-SAE) at T0 and T1 resulted in statistical significance (p < 0.01). No statistical difference was found between ΔE (WSLs-SAE) at T1 vs. T2. The variables considered showed no statistical differences in treatment outcomes. The results of our investigation show that the technique used is immediately effective and the camouflage effect keeps up and steady one year after treatment. Such results do not appear to be influenced by analyzed clinical variables.

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