A Strength Calculation of a Nozzle Using Comparative Methods

2014 ◽  
Vol 601 ◽  
pp. 84-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serban Vasilescu ◽  
Costin Ilinca
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Comparative Methods ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Element Program ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Torsional Loads ◽  
Division 2

The stresses and deflections developed due to all piping loads produce some significant deformation in the nozzles of the pressure vessels. In this paper a spherical pressure vessel with two cylindrical nozzles are analyzed. The stresses in the nozzles are evaluated using two comparative methods: one of them represents the classical way of using the superposition of the axial, bending and torsional loads; the other one is based on the requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Cod, Section VIII, Division 2 and is developed by a FE analysis. In order to obtain the loads (forces and moments) at the end of the nozzle a specialized finite element program has been used. This program (Coade Caesar 5.30) allows studying the strength and flexibility behavior of the pipes that connect the analyzed nozzle with the rest of the plant. The results obtained are compared in order to find when the using of the classical methods of strength of materials can be used as conservative approaches. The finite element method is applied in order to check the most important load cases that appear during the interaction between pipes and shell. In this respect the sustained (proper gravity loads), expansion (thermal loads) and occasional (wind and seismic loads) are combined in order to check all the requirements of ASME. This study contains also the effect of the pressure trust and the influence of the real geometry of the junction (nozzle-shell) in the peaks of the stresses.

scholarly journals Determination of the Crack Resistance Parameters at Equipment Nozzle Zones Under the Seismic Loads Via Finite Element Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Vladyslav Kyrychok ◽  
Vasyl Torop
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Residual Life ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Seismic Loads ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Element Program

Abstract The present paper is devoted to the problem of the assessment of probable crack growth at pressure vessel nozzles zone under the cyclic seismic loads. The approaches to creating distributed pipeline systems, connected to equipment are being proposed. The possibility of using in common different finite element program packages for accurate estimation of the strength of bonded pipelines and pressure vessels systems is shown and justified. The authors propose checking the danger of defects in nozzle domain, evaluate the residual life of the system, basing on the developed approach.

A Study of the Conservatism in ASME BPVC Section VIII Division 2 Opening Design for External Pressure

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Millet ◽  
Kaveh Ebrahimi ◽  
James Lu ◽  
Kenneth Kirkpatrick ◽  
Bryan Mosher
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Finite Element Analyses ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Allowable Compressive Stress ◽  
Division 2

Abstract In the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, nozzle reinforcement rules for nozzles attached to shells under external pressure differ from the rules for internal pressure. ASME BPVC Section I, Section VIII Division 1 and Section VIII Division 2 (Pre-2007 Edition) reinforcement rules for external pressure are less stringent than those for internal pressure. The reinforcement rules for external pressure published since the 2007 Edition of ASME BPVC Section VIII Division 2 are more stringent than those for internal pressure. The previous rule only required reinforcement for external pressure to be one-half of the reinforcement required for internal pressure. In the current BPVC Code the required reinforcement is inversely proportional to the allowable compressive stress for the shell under external pressure. Therefore as the allowable drops, the required reinforcement increases. Understandably, the rules for external pressure differ in these two Divisions, but the amount of required reinforcement can be significantly larger. This paper will examine the possible conservatism in the current Division 2 rules as compared to the other Divisions of the BPVC Code and the EN 13445-3. The paper will review the background of each method and provide finite element analyses of several selected nozzles and geometries.

scholarly journals An Ability to Adapt and Change

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (11) ◽  
pp. 36-37
Author(s):  
Madiha El Mehelmy Kotb
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Electronic Format ◽  
The World ◽  
Regulatory Approach ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Division 2 ◽  
Service Inspection ◽  
Technical Services

This article reviews about the views of Madiha El Mehelmy Hotb, the Head of the Pressure Vessels Technical Services Division for Regie Du Batiment Du Quedec, on how ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code has evolved over the years. Hotb reveals that during the 1980s, ASME’s regulatory approach covered all aspects of the life cycle of a boiler or a pressure vessel from design to being taken out of service. It also confirmed every step in between – fabrication, installation, repair and modification, and in-service inspection. During later years, the institution moved toward accreditation of authorized inspection agencies, changed the publication cycle from three years to two, eliminated addenda, and restructured the Code committees. New Section VIII and division 2 were written, and the Codes were published in digital electronic format. Hotb believes that the Code will continue to be widely used and adopted in future. It will have a bigger and larger input from all over the world and will have further outreach and adoption by far more countries.

A New Method of Stress Linearization for Design by Analysis in Pressure Vessel Design

2014 ◽  
Vol 598 ◽  
pp. 194-197
Author(s):  
Hong Jun Li ◽  
Qiang Ding ◽  
Xun Huang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
New Method ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Stress Tensors ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Division 2

Stress linearization is used to define constant and linear through-thickness FEA (Finite Element Analysis) stress distributions that are used in place of membrane and membrane plus bending stress distributions in pressure vessel Design by Analysis. In this paper, stress linearization procedures are reviewed with reference to the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII Division 2 and EN13445. The basis of the linearization procedure is stated and a new method of stress linearization considering selected stress tensors for linearization is proposed.

Application of Elastic-Plastic Design Data in the New ASME B&PV Code Section VIII Division 2

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Dewees
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Kinematic Hardening ◽  
Strain Curve ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Hardening Model ◽  
Elastic Plastic ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Division 2

The updating and re-writing of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII Division 2 (2007) [1] has introduced several new and unique features. One of these features is the inclusion of specific materials data for use in elastic-plastic analysis of pressure vessel components. Both monotonic and cyclic stress strain curve models are provided, with supporting constants for a range of materials and temperatures. The elastic-perfectly plastic material model has been used in commercial Finite Element (FE) codes for many years to perform limit load and ratcheting analyses. The new material models and data of Section VIII Division 2 (S8D2) include strain hardening and are intended for use in deformation assessments, and for determining cyclic plastic strain ranges in fatigue evaluations. This paper presents one possible implementation of the Code models and data into a standard cyclic hardening model; the multiple backstress, nonlinear kinematic-hardening model of Chaboche, as implemented in the commercial Finite Element program Abaqus, versions 6.8 and later.

Review of Section VIII, Division 1 and 2 Changes, 2008–2010

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Pastor
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Major Event ◽  
The Past ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Division 2

Three years ago the major event within Section VIII was the publication of the new Section VIII, Division 2. The development of the new VIII-2 standard dominated Section VIII activity for many years, and a new standard has been well received within the industry. As expected with any new standard, some of the material that was intended to be published in the standard was not ready at the time of publication so numerous revisions have taken place in the last two addenda. This paper will attempt to summarize the major revisions that have taken place in VIII-2 and VIII-1, including a detailed overview of the new Part UIG “Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Impregnated Graphite”. I have stated in the past that the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code is a “living and breathing document”, and considering that over 320 revisions were made to VIII-1 and VIII-2 in the past three years, I think I can safely say that the standard is alive and well.

scholarly journals Use of the Finite Element Method in Predicting Vibrations of Sandwich Beams and Plates Resting on Deformable Foundations Subjected to Moving Loads

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-69
Author(s):  
A. Zbiciak ◽  
M. Ataman ◽  
W. Szcześniak
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Core Layer ◽  
Sandwich Beams ◽  
Moving Loads ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Element Program ◽  
Foundation Parameters

AbstractThis paper presents the capabilities of ABAQUS finite-element program [1] in modelling sandwich beams and plates resting on deformable foundations. Specific systems of sandwich beams and plates separated by an elastic core layer were subjected to the action of point and distributed moving loads. A few theoretical examples are provided to present different techniques of modelling the foundations and the moving loads. The effects of the boundary conditions and of the foundation parameters on the deflections of the analysed structures are also presented.

Further Developments in Applying the Finite Element Method to the Calculation of Temperature Distributions in Machining and Comparisons With Experiment

1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Stevenson ◽  
P. K. Wright ◽  
J. G. Chow
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Temperature Distributions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Metal Machining ◽  
Element Program ◽  
Element Method

The finite element program developed in previous work [1] for calculating the temperature distributions in the chip and tool in metal machining has been extended in its range of application. Specifically, the program no longer needs a flow field as input and it can accommodate a wide range of shear angle and contact lengths. An important feature of this paper is that temperature fields from the finite element method have been compared with temperatures obtained with a previously described metallographic method [7]. This is the first time these two techniques have been used for the same machining conditions and the comparisons are very good.

Comparison of Different Methodologies for Stress Analysis of Reinforcing Pads

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Guillot ◽  
Jack E. Helms
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Pressure Vessel ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Section Viii ◽  
Design Requirements

Finite element analysis is widely used to model the stresses resulting from penetrations in pressure vessels to accommodate components such as nozzles and man-ways. In many cases a reinforcing pad is required around the nozzle or other component to meet the design requirements of Section VIII, Division 1 or 2, of the ASME Pressure Vessel Code [1]. Several different finite element techniques are currently used for calculating the effects of reinforcing pads on the shell stresses resulting from penetrations for nozzles or man-ways. In this research the stresses near a typical reinforced nozzle on a pressure vessel shell are studied. Finite element analysis is used to model the stresses in the reinforcing pad and shell. The commercially available software package ANSYS is used for the modeling. Loadings on the nozzle are due to combinations of internal pressure and moments to simulate piping attachments. The finite element results are compared to an analysis per Welding Research Council Bulletin 107 [2].

Finite Element Analysis of a Quasi-Static Rolling Tire Model for Determination of Truck Tire Forces and Moments

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element Program ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Element Program ◽  
Longitudinal Slip ◽  
Tire Forces

Abstract The finite element method is used to simulate the slow (quasi-static) rolling of a radial truck tire subjected to ground plane tractions. Three conditions are considered, namely, (1) straight free rolling, (2) cornering, and (3) braking. Lateral and longitudinal slip are calculated by analyzing the motion of a moveable road surface relative to the wheel plane. Footprint moments are calculated for the cornering and braking condition. In addition, cornering stiffness, braking stiffness, and aligning stiffness are calculated and compared to measured results. Computational benchmark data is provided. The simulation was performed with the ABAQUS finite element program.

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