Investigation of Copper-Silver Solders Properties in Liquid State before Amorphization

2015 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
Evgeny Baryshev ◽  
Tatyana Kostina ◽  
Gennady Tyagunov ◽  
Ksenya Shmakova
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium State ◽  
Liquid State ◽  
Kinematic Viscosity ◽  
Silver Content ◽  
Amorphous Ribbon ◽  
Weld Strength ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
Concentration Dependences

The temperature and concentration dependences of kinematic viscosity of alloys of Cu-Ag system with Ag content to 99 mass % in liquid state have been studied. It has been found that heating above certain critical temperatures leads to transform the melt to equilibrium state. The kinematic viscosity of the Cu-Ag melts are extremely depend from silver content in the alloy. The new regime of amorphous ribbon production is selected. Proposed regime leads to increasing of microhardness and weld strength on 10 % and corrosion resistivity on 15 %.

Experimental determination of the kinematic viscosity of glycerol-water mixtures

1994 ◽  
Vol 444 (1922) ◽  
pp. 573-581 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Determination ◽  
Liquid State ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Kinematic Viscosity ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Glycerol Water ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
Comparative Accuracy ◽  
Water Glycerol

We have measured the kinematic viscosity of glycerol-water mixtures, for glycerol mass fractions ranging from 0 to 1, in the temperature range 10-50 °C. The measurements were made by using a series of Ubbelohde viscometers. Apart from comprehensiveness and comparative accuracy the present measurements expose serious errors in the limited data that were earlier available on such mixtures. It is shown that all the data can be reasonably represented by the empirical correlation (In ν m - In ν w )/(In ν g - In ν w ) = x g [1 + (1 - x g ) { a + bx g + cx g 2 }], where ν w , v g and ν m are the kinematic viscosities of water, glycerol and the mixture respectively and x g is the mass fraction of glycerol in the mixture. The constants a, b and c are tabulated in the paper as functions of temperature. This correlation can now be used at a given temperature to tailor make a mixture of prescribed kinematic viscosity. While this paper is addressed, principally, to fluid dynamicists these results should be of interest to physicists studying the liquid state and physical chemists interested in mixtures.

Relaxation Processes Features of Glass-Forming Melts on the Basis of Copper

2015 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 108-112
Author(s):  
Viktor Konashkov ◽  
Vladimir Tsepelev ◽  
Arkadi Povodator
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Process ◽  
Constant Temperature ◽  
Liquid State ◽  
Kinematic Viscosity ◽  
Relaxation Processes ◽  
Temperature Instability ◽  
State Data ◽  
Glass Forming ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Two Samples

Two samples of industrial alloys on the basis of copper are experimentally studied. These alloys are used for production of amorphous solders. The main studied property is kinematic viscosity of metal melt in a liquid state. Data of viscosity dependences from temperature when heating and the subsequent cooling are obtained. Besides, viscosity dependences at constant temperatures from time are received. On viscosity dependences from temperature, for the same samples, abnormal sites and a divergence of curves of heating and cooling are found. On viscosity dependences from time, at a constant temperature, instability is found. The conclusion is drawn that the revealed features are connected with complexity of relaxation process of the studied fusions.

scholarly journals The persistence of the liquid state of aggregation above the critical temperature. The system ethylene

1937 ◽  
Vol 236 (766) ◽  
pp. 303-332 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Hydrogen Chloride ◽  
Liquid State ◽  
Liquid Mixture ◽  
Molecular Compound ◽  
Continuous Change ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
Component System ◽  
Rate Of Reaction ◽  
The Difference

The research described below arose from previous investigations carried out in this laboratory.* In a study of the influence of molecular compound formation on the rate of reaction (MAASS and SIVERTZ, 1925) it was found that although propylene and hydrogen chloride apparently react in a reproducible manner when the reactants are brought together in the liquid state, no measurable reaction occurs when they are brought together as gases. At first this was ascribed to the difference in concentration between the liquid and the gaseous states. However, it was shown (Sutherland and Maass, 1931) that when propylene and hydrogen chloride are brought together at room temperature as gases and heated above the critical temperatures of the mixture, no reaction occurs even when they are compressed to a concentration as great as that of the liquid mixture slightly below the critical temperature. The rate of reaction of the liquid mixture was found to increase with rise in temperature in the usual manner up to the critical temperature, but was found to be nil in the absence of the liquid phase. The acquirement of results of a similar nature by the application of the same procedure to other systems has been delayed owing to the fact that for most systems in which a homogeneous reaction takes place in the liquid state the critical temperatures and pressures are so high as to enhance greatly the experimental difficulties. An attempt to overcome these difficulties is still in progress. In the meantime other investigations have been undertaken with the object of finding a possible explanation for a discontinuity in reaction rate at the critical temperature. The first was an attempt to discover whether or not at the critical temperature a marked discontinuity of state exists in a two-component system, in contrast to the continuous change generally accepted as taking place in a one-component system.

Rapid Critical Point Drying of Tissues in a Parr Bomb

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 400-401
Author(s):  
C.A. Baechler ◽  
W. C. Pitchford ◽  
J. M. Riddle ◽  
C.B. Boyd ◽  
H. Kanagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Point ◽  
Critical Pressure ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
The Past ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Great Stress ◽  
Infiltration Techniques

Preservation of the topographic ultrastructure of soft biological tissues for examination by scanning electron microscopy has been accomplished in the past by using lengthy epoxy infiltration techniques, or dehydration in ethanol or acetone followed by air drying. Since the former technique requires several days of preparation and the latter technique subjects the tissues to great stress during the phase change encountered during air-drying, an alternate rapid, economical, and reliable method of surface structure preservation was developed. Turnbill and Philpott had used a fluorocarbon for the critical point drying of soft tissues and indicated the advantages of working with fluids having both moderately low critical pressures as well as low critical temperatures. Freon-116 (duPont) which has a critical temperature of 19. 7 C and a critical pressure of 432 psi was used in this study.

Magnetic Domain Observation of an Amorphous Fe-Si-B Ribbon by Means of a High Voltage Scanning Electron Microscope

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 320-321
Author(s):  
K. Tsuno ◽  
Y. Harada ◽  
T. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Amorphous Ribbon ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Magnetic Domains ◽  
Scattered Electron ◽  
Voltage Scanning ◽  
Scanning Electron

Magnetic domains of ferromagnetic amorphous ribbon have been observed using Bitter powder method. However, the domains of amorphous ribbon are very complicated and the surface of ribbon is not flat, so that clear domain image has not been obtained. It has been desired to observe more clear image in order to analyze the domain structure of this zero magnetocrystalline anisotropy material. So, we tried to observe magnetic domains by means of a back-scattered electron mode of high voltage scanning electron microscope (HVSEM).HVSEM method has several advantages compared with the ordinary methods for observing domains: (1) high contrast (0.9, 1.5 and 5% at 50, 100 and 200 kV) (2) high penetration depth of electrons (0.2, 1.5 and 8 μm at 50, 100 and 200 kV). However, image resolution of previous HVSEM was quite low (maximum magnification was less than 100x), because the objective lens cannot be excited for avoiding the application of magnetic field on the specimen.

A Hitherto Undescribed Naturally Occurring Plasma Antagonist of Activated Factor X Inhibitor (Antithrombin III)

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. Yin ◽  
W. J. Salsgiver ◽  
O. Tangen
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium State ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Circumstantial Evidence ◽  
Incubation Mixture ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Normal Human Plasma ◽  
Plasma Component ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Normal Human

Circumstantial evidence suggested that normal human plasma contained a substance regulating the neutralization of F.Xa by F.Xa inhibitor(XaI), (Yin et.al.,Adv.Exper. Med. & Biol., 52 : 239, 1975, Plenum Press, N.Y.).This plasma component has now been isolated and partially purified in our laboratory, and tentatively designated as “Anti-XaI”.In experiments employing purified components, when Anti-XaI was incubated at 37°C with F.Xa, Xal and heparin for two minutes at pH7.5, the amount of F.Xa inhibited was inversely proportional to the Anti-XaI concentration. But, when the F.Xa was replaced by thrombin in the incubation mixture, the neutralization of thrombin clotting activity was undisturbed.Anti-XaI was found to be neither PF3 nor PF4.These and other data strongly suggest that the “Antithrombin III pathway” is more complex than currently believed to be. In circulating blood an equilibrium state must exist between Anti-XaI and XaI.Under certain conditions when the Anti-XaI activity is predominant the rate of F.Xa neutralization bv XaI then becomes slower than the activation of prothrombin to thrombin by F.Xa.

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